Amroune Ouafa, fatima boukezoula

كلية العلوم الدقيقة وعلوم الطبيعة والحياة-جامعة العربي التبسي - تبسة · الجزائر

Peter Heath, عهد شوكت سبول

كلية العلوم والأداب-الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

تناولت هذه الرسالة الجانب العملي من نظرية الترجمة وركزت على الإجراءات التي وضعها الكاتبان الكنديان فيناي وداربلنيه للترجمة بين الإنكليزية والفرنسية. و بيّنت أن هذه الإجراءات مستخدمة بالفعل في الترجمة الأدبية من الإنكليزية إلى العربية ومن ال فرنسية إلى الع

Meriem Berretima, Saleh Khennour

كلية الاداب والعلوم الانسانية و الاجتماعية-جامعة محمد خيضر - بسكرة · الجزائر

ثائر أبو شبق, عدنان عايش, عماد علي محمد أبو كريم

معهد المياه والبيئة‎-جامعة الازهر - غزة-جامعة الازهر - غزة · فلسطين

In the last escalation of hostilities in Gaza (2014), Israeli occupation forces dropped about 36,000 tons of artillery shells (AS) and air force bombs (AFB) on Gaza Strip from 7th of July to 28th of August. As a result of using such massive amount of munitions 7,473 impact craters in agricultural and non-urbanized areas were recognized, as well as, two million tons of buildings rubbles were produced. Forty-five top soil and five rubble multi-increment composite samples were collected using systematic-random system from targeted soils and households, as well as 10 control, and two bar samples were collected from untargeted agricultural and isolated areas respectively, to assess the impact of the military activities on soil and rubbles pollution by metals in targeted locations. Digestion of samples was performed using Strong Acid Leachable Metals (SALM) digestion method. Concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were detected using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS), while concentration of aluminum was detected using UV/VIS Spectrophotometer. Soil properties (Soil texture, CEC and pH) were measured in order to predict the behavior of the metals in the soil profile of the targeted areas. The soil samples were grouped into categories. The T-test was used to compare the mean concentration of each metal among the different categories of soil in order to investigate the different aspects of the effect of the military activities on targeted soils. The mean concentration of the bar samples was considered as a normal limit of the natural contribution of the environment while, the mean concentration of the control samples was used as a normal limit for agricultural activities. The result showed that, the agricultural activities enriched the Gaza soils with, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, while the content of Al is likely to be affected by the environmental contribution. Although military activities introduced significant amounts of of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Al in targeted soils, only Cd in (26.67%) and Cr in (20%) of the targeted soil samples were found with concentrations higher than the MACs of Chemical Constituents in Uncontaminated Soil listed by USEPA. The metals contents in targeted soil samples were not affected by the used type of munition (AFB and AS) except for Cu, where its content in samples collected from areas subjected to AS is significantly higher than that of samples collected from areas subjected to AFB. Although, the high sand content, as well as the low CEC values of Gaza soils increase the possibility of downward migration of metals in soil profile via soil solution, the slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline values of the soil pH decrease this possibility. Accordingly, relevant institutions should establish research programs to investigate the fate of metals and other explosive residuals in deep soil, groundwater and plants, as well as soil and rubble contamination with other metals, explosive residuals and radioactive materials should be investigated. The results also revealed that, only in terms of the investigated metals, rubble can be used in construction purposes or as a filling material, since their concentrations in rubble samples are lower than MACs of Chemical Constituents in Uncontaminated Soil Used as Fill Material listed by USEPA.

لخشاخش زكیة, محمد حمزة بن قرينة

كلية العلوم الاقتصادية والتجارية وعلوم التسيير-جامعة قاصدى مرباح ورقلة · الجزائر

:Cette étude a essayé de trouver la relation entre le marketing interne etl’occupation des chambres d'hôtel, à partir de l’influence de différents facteursde marketing (communication interne, motivation, récompense, de formation,travail d'équipe et la participation à la prise de décision) sur le rendement desemployés.L'étude a été appliquée sur un échantillon d'établissements hôteliers dansl'état de Ouargla le nombre de répondants était de 61 employés.Cette étude est basée sur une approche intégrée en sciences appliquées pouratteindre un lien et une corrélation entre lathéorie etla pratique grâce àl'utilisation d'une approche descriptive, analytique et l'utilisation duquestionnaire pour mesurer la validité de l'étude.En conclusion, il ya une absence dans l'application des éléments desinstitutions de marketing interne qui a affecté la performance de l’employé.L'augmentation du taux d’occupation des chambres est due à d'autres facteurs,notamment la demande est plus importante que l’offre dans hôtelleries.Bien qu'il existe des signes d’application du concept de commercialisationinterne elle reste sans étude précise.

عبدالرحيم جاد الله, فؤاد برغوثي

كلية الدراسات العليا-الجامعة العربية الأمريكية · فلسطين

The matter of housing is a basic need of human being; it provides him with a material and moral refuge. The human need for housing demands that TQM should receive a special attention. TQM in high-rise buildings is particularly important because of the specificity of these buildings, the commonalities that accompany the residents of the building itself and the specific needs of this type of housing.This study aims to identify barriers that hinder the implementation of TQM in high-rise buildings in West Bank. The barriers categorized into cultural, legal, administrative, executive, logistical and financial reasons.The study used the quantitative and qualitative approach as well; quantitative approach used to analyze the questionnaire statistically and qualitatively by analyzing an open-ended question.The questionnaire revealed that respondents do not have a clear idea of the extent to which TQM practiced in the construction of high-rise buildings in West Bank. The main barrier impeding the implementation of TQM is the focus on profit and cost reduction. Respondents appreciate the importance of TQM regardless of their demographic criteria.The study concluded with recommendations to improve the situation in the construction sector in West Bank such as organizing the construction sector, spreading the value of TQM, enacting legislation to promote TQM,VIIand not adopting the lowest prices as a main reason for awarding tenders to contractors.

Abdullah S. Sultan, زياد غازي صيداوي

كلية الهندسة-جامعة الملك فهد للبترول والمعادن · السعودية

The demand for petroleum energy is increasing worldwide. With this increase, research in recovering maximum amount of hydrocarbon becomes necessary as well as inevitable. Therefore, research on stimulation practices turn out to be a promising field of study. In carbonate reservoirs, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is commonly used for stimulation purposes. The main reason for using HCl is its high and rapid reactivity. However, HCl may react with the tubing causing severe corrosion and damages. These damages can be avoided by using emulsified acid, in which the reaction is retarded. Such retardation helps the emulsified acid reach deep in the formation; hence deeper penetration.Generally, it is the practice in the industry to emulsify HCl with the use of diesel as the oil phase. However, in this work, diesel is replaced by a less-costly, environmentally friendly oil -referred to as waste oil. The HCl emulsion with waste oil is prepared using a cationic emulsifier. Furthermore, a concentration of HCl of 15 wt% is used. The ratio of acid-to-oil is 70:30. Moreover, thermal stability and rheology of both diesel and waste oil emulsified acids are addressed (up to 120ºC). In both systems, the influence on thermal stability and rheology of emulsifier concentration, mixing speed, addition rate of acid phase to oil phase and temperature are studied extensively. These data are correlated to droplet size distribution in order to better understand them.Results showed the high potential use of waste oil to prepare high temperature emulsified acid. It is noteworthy to mention that waste oil emulsified acid is a fit-for-purpose system. That being said, to increase the stability time for the system; emulsifier concentration, mixing speed should be manipulated to reach the targeted time.

أحمد بن قلاوز تواتي, قصي محمود المهدي

معهد التربية البدنية والرياضية-جامعة عبد الحميد بن باديس مستغانم · الجزائر

O. Touafek , Amina Tared , Salma Abbas

كلية العلوم-جامعة سعد دحلب - البليدة · الجزائر

Le présent travail porte sur l’analyse des résultats du dosage des composés phénoliques(polyphénols totaux, flavonoïdes et tannins condensés) et de l’activité antioxydante,obtenus à partir des études antérieurs sur deux plantes médicinales appartenant à la familledes lamiacées :Salvia officinalis et Satureja calamintha.La détermination de la quantité des polyphénols totaux dans les travaux antérieurs, a étéréalisée par la méthode de Folin-Ciocalteu, la teneur des flavonoïdes par la méthode dutrichlorure d’aluminium et les tannins condensés par la méthode de la condensation despolyphénols sur l'acide vanillique.L’évaluation de l’activité antioxydante a été réalisée par la méthode de piégeage du radicallibre DPPH.Nous avons essayé d’établir une relation entre la teneur en composés phénoliques etl’activité antioxydante de tous les extraits, mais l’existence de paramètres différents(l’origine de la plante, la période de récolte, le moded’extraction, …), n’ont pas permis deréaliser cette partie du travail. Pour cela, cette étude a été restreinte sur la discussion desrésultats de chaque étude séparée.Cette recherche, nous a permis de conclure que tous les extraitsétudiés,des deuxplantes,possèdent un pouvoir antioxydant plus ou moins important.Cette activité est liée àla teneur en composés phénoliques, notamment en flavonoïdes, dont la relation estproportionnelle dans tous les extraits.Nous avons également présentés le travail expérimental, que nous avons réalisé, avant lapandémie de Covid-19, qui a touché notre pays depuis mars 2020. Cette partie renferme lamacération et l’extraction liquide-liquide avec lechloroforme et le n-butanol des feuillesdes deux plantes étudiées :Salviaofficinalis et Saturejacalamintha.Mots clés :Salvia officinalis, Satureja calamintha, Activité antioxydante, composés phénoliques,flavonoïdes, Folin- Ciocalteu, DPPH.

صباح بن دبكة, مليكة مدور

كلية العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة محمد خيضر - بسكرة · الجزائر