مراد حمودي, يوسف حفصي

جامعة سعد دحلب البليدة · الجزائر

الكحلوت يوسف احمد, سامية خضر صالح

كلية التربية-جامعة الأقصى · فلسطين

إيمي جاري, مظاهر عليدينا

جامعة الملك عبدالله للعلوم والتقنية · السعودية

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is a low-energy subsurface water treatment system with the potential of being an important component of sustainable water reuse schemes. Alongside common wastewater contaminants, MAR systems have been shown to attenuate a range of trace organic chemicals (TOrCs). Despite several factors being possibly important for TOrC attenuation, many have not been investigated in depth. This research effort investigated three factors affecting attenuation of the moderately degradable TOrCs: primary substrate, adaptation of the microbial community to presence of TOrCs, and groundwater temperature. The overall goal was to optimize TOrC attenuation using different MAR configurations considering how these factors affect TOrC attenuation.The primary substrate composition and concentration significantly impacted attenuation of the moderately degradable TOrCs. Lower primary substrate concentrations and more refractory carbon generally resulted in better TOrC transformation, a more diverse microbial community in the infiltration zone and more diverse capabilities for TOrC degradation. The enzyme group cytochrome P450 may be important for TOrC transformation since its genes were more abundant under carbon-starving primary substrate conditions. Adaptation of the microbial community by pre-exposure to TOrCs was not required in order to degrade them. However, adaptation to the primary substrate was necessary for TOrC biotransformation due to its effect on the microbial community. Attenuation of most TOrCs was unaffected by changes in temperature. Some moderately degradable TOrCs, however, were better attenuated at higher temperatures likely due to increased microbial activity. Others were better degraded at lower temperatures likely due to favorable sorption conditions.In the context of applying MAR systems to potential water reuse schemes within Saudi Arabia, a reconnaissance study of TOrC occurrence in treated wastewater effluents was undertaken. Most of the TOrCs targeted were detected at similar concentrations to US effluents at comparable plants. One of the plants studied, however, displayed a significantly different TOrC footprint from the other treatment plants due to the large number of international visitors in its sewershed. Findings from this occurrence study as well from other tasks provided inputs to a risk assessment framework to compare the effectiveness of MAR systems as part of a multiple-barrier water reuse scheme.

Tabet Abdelaziz, سعد رحمان

كلية العلوم الدقيقة وعلوم الطبيعة والحياة-جامعة محمد خيضر - بسكرة · الجزائر

Notre travail a pour objectif d’une part la mise au point d’un système de dépôt de couches mince par spray pneumatique « maison », et son exploitation pour l’obtention de couches minces de ZnO d’autre part. Dans la première partie de la mémoire, nous avons conçu et réalisé le système de dépôt avec des moyens simples et disponibles. Dans la deuxième partie de notre travail, nous avons élaboré une série d’échantillon avec différents paramètres de dépôt, (température de substrat, distance bec/substrat) afin d’optimiser ce dernier et comprendre également le processus de dépôt de couches minces par spray pneumatique. Les résultats de la caractérisation DRX, MEB, UV-Visible et quatre pointes des films montre que la température 400 °C et la distance 40 cm sont optimaux pour obtenir des films TCO (ZnO) de bonne propriétés. D’autre part les films ont une structure wurtzite avec une orientation préférentielle (002), transmittance de 80% et résistivité de 10-2 à 10-1 (Ω.Cm)-1.

Hevna Dhulkifle, Zaid Alma'ayah

كلية الصيدلة-جامعة قطر · قطر

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline widely used against many neoplastic diseases. However, the clinical use of DOX is limited due to its dose-dependent cardiovascular toxicity. Recent studies suggest that Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and endothelial toxicity may contribute to the pathogenesis of DOX-induced cardiovascular toxicity. Given that Arachidonic Acid (AA) and associated Cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenase, soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) have been involved in vascular endothelial and cardiovascular function, we aimed to examine the effect of suppressing CYP epoxygenases using MSPPOH on DOX-induced EndMT and cardiotoxicity. We also aimed to investigate the effect of PTUPB, a dual sEH/COX-2 inhibitor, on DOX-induced EndMT, vascular and cardiac toxicity. Methods: Human endothelial cells were treated with DOX, with/without CYP epoxygenase inhibitor, MSPPOH. We also investigated the effect of MSPPOH on the cardiovascular system in zebrafish. Additionally, we tested the potential beneficial impact of PTUPB on DOX-induced cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish and DOX-induced EndMT in human endothelial cells. Results: Inhibiting CYP epoxygenase using MSPPOH exacerbated DOX-induced EndMT, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in our endothelial cells. Furthermore, MSPPOH increased cardiac edema, lowered blood flow velocity, and worsened the expression of EndMT and cardiac injury markers in a zebrafish model of DOX-induced cardiovascular toxicity. Conversely, inhibition of sEH and COX-2 using PTUPB reduces DOX-induced EndMT and vascular toxicity. Also, PTUPB improves cardiac function and morphology in zebrafish incubated with DOX. Importantly, our results demonstrate that PTUPB downregulates inflammation and oxidative stress markers to contribute to the improvement observed in DOX-induced cardiovascular toxicity. Conclusion: Our data indicates that a selective CYP epoxygenase inhibitor, MSPPOH, worsens DOX-induced EndMT vascular and cardiac toxicity. On the other hand, suppressing sEH/COX-2 using PTUPB reduces DOX-induced EndMT, vascular, and cardiac toxicity.

عبد الله إسماعيل متعب, ياسر محمد عبد الرحمن طرشاني

كلية العلوم الإسلامية-جامعة المدينة العالمية · ماليزيا

عفاف خويلد , قريدة محمد

كلية العلوم الاقتصادية والتجارية وعلوم التسيير-جامعة قاصدى مرباح ورقلة · الجزائر

جامعة قاصدي مرباح- ورقلة -كلية العلوم الاقتصادية والعلوم التجارية وعلوم التسييرقسم العلوم التجارية

جبر إبراهيم الداعور, مفيد خالد الشيخ علي, وائل سليمان القرا

كلية الاقتصاد والعلوم الإدارية-جامعة الازهر - غزة · فلسطين

عبدالرحمان حميدات, عبدالقادر معمر مهاب

كلية العلوم الدقيقة والإعلام الآلي-جامعة حسيبة بن بوعلي بالشلف · الجزائر

La distribution de l’énergie électrique pour les foyers affronte des problèmes de la distance, ce qui entraine un problème de chute de tension durant la pointe de consommation surtout au bout de ligne. Parmi les préoccupations majeures du distributeur de l’électricité est de fournir une tension dans les limites contractuelles. La qualité de tension sera inacceptable si la chute de tension excède 10 % la tolérance fixée pour la BT rurale. L’amélioration de la tension au bout du réseau électrique est possible par plusieurs moyens : le renforcement des sections des conducteurs, installation de nouveaux poste MT/BT, etc. Le système photovoltaïque (SPV) raccordée au réseau électrique BT, est une des solutions de plus en plus utilisées pour résoudre ce problème. Les systèmes photovoltaïques peuvent donc contribuer à cette solution puisqu’ils produisent de l’énergie à l’endroit du déficit. Dans ce contexte, nous avons étudié dans ce mémoire, l’impact de la connexion de l’énergie photovoltaïque sur la tension d’un réseau BT rural situé dans la localité de Mouafkia wilaya de Chlef. La compensation photovoltaïque est de connecter aux réseaux électriques des mini-centrales photovoltaïques. Cette connexion permet d’améliorer la qualité électrique de la ligne grâce à l’injection dans le réseau de l’énergie électrique photovoltaïque propre. En effet, une mini-centrale photovoltaïque placée en bout de ligne permet de redresser la tension et d'améliorer la puissance surtout quand la pointe de la demande est en phase avec l’intensité de l'ensoleillement. The distribution of electric energy for households facing problems of voltage drop during the peak demand especially in the end of the grid, and concerns among the major electricity distributor is to provide a voltage within the contract. The voltage quality will be unacceptable if the voltage drop exceeds 10% tolerance set for the LV rural. The improvement in blood after the electricity grid is possible by several means: strengthening sections of the conductors, installation of new MV / LV etc.. The photovoltaic (PVS) connected to the electricity network LVis one of the solutions increasingly being used for this problem. Photovoltaic systems can therefore contribute to the solution since they produce energy at the point deficit. In this context, we studied in this thesis, the impact of the connection of photovoltaic power on the LVnetwork located in the rural town of Mouafkia wilaya of Chlef. The compensation is to connect the PV power system of mini-photovoltaic power plants. In our study, the computer simulation tool is the software chosen JPélec. This connection improves the electrical quality of the line by injecting into the network of electrical energy photovoltaic own. In effect, a mini-solar power station placed in the end helps to straighten the tension and improve the power especially when the peak demand is in phase with the intensity of sunlight. Thus the PV plants help reduce both their needs and purchase electricity at the same time solve the problem of load during peak periods.

محمد سليمان, حسن صوالحه, يونس عبد يونس ابو عين

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة النجاح الوطنية · فلسطين

Poly dl-lactide co-glycolide (PLG) is a biodegradable polymer that has a slow degradation rate and high permeability to small drug molecules.PLG microcapsules were prepared by emulsifying a polymer solution that consists of PLG/solvent (dichloromethane) into a continuous phase that consists of a nonsolvent solution (water and SDS as a surfactant). After emulsification, the solvent diffuses out of polymer droplets (liquid microcapsules) to the nonsolvent solution and then evaporates at the surface of the nonsolvent to the air. The encapsulation of the limonene within the polymer microcapsules was prepared, and limonene release was determined with time from polymer microcapsules prepared.The current study aims at studying the effect of the type of the nonsolvnet on the drug release behavior (i.e. kinetics) out of the microcapsules in relation with the properties of the polymer shell.The drug release from the solid microcapsules was measured using spectroscopic techniques. The size of microcapsules was analyzed by optical light microscope.The PLG microcapsules were prepared by emulsifying the polymer solution in continuous phase. The two phases were mixed for at least 2 hr using a magnetic stirrer; the size of prepared microcapsules was measured by the light microscope.The PLG microcapsules were prepared using different concentrations of SDS solution, methanol, and ethanol and study of its impact on the size of the PLG microcapsules.Our results show that as the concentration of nonsolvent increases in the process of preparing of PLG microcapsules the size of prepared microcapsules decreases and the limonene release increases from polymer microcapsules with decreasing the size of microcapsules.These results can be explained as follows: with increasing the concentration of methanol, ethanol or SDS, the viscosity of the nonsolvent increases and the interfacial tension decreases. This lead to a decrease in size of obtained PLG microcapsules and smaller microcapsules are obtained.