Messaouda Fettouche, Leila M’hamdia , Tamine Mohammed Amine
كلية الآداب واللغات-جامعة محمد البشير الإبراهيمي - برج بوعريريج · الجزائر
Lamis AbdelGadir Kaddam, Mohammed Abdelazim Osman Suliman
كلية الطب-جامعة النيلين · السودان
:Background: As there is a global increase in survival of people living withSickle Cell Anaemia (SCA); the prevalence of chronic complications includingnephropathy is increased, so early identification, detection and management ofthese complications is mandatory.Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the estimated Glomerular FiltrationRate (eGFR), proteinuria and serum uric acid as markers of renal involvementin Sudanese adults with Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) and the relationshipbetween these parameters and clinical severity score of SCA.Methods: This was hospital based, cross-sectional study. 55 participantsSudanese (32 Sickle cell anaemia group and 23 normal Hb A control group)were included in this study. Informed consent was obtained, Medical historywas obtained and clinical examination was performed, blood and urine sampleswere taken from each participant. Severity score was calculated for sickle cellanaemia patients and Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) was estimated, Uricacid level and urine for protein/creatinine ratio, were measured for eachparticipant.Results: Hyper-filtration was manifested in 75% of Sickle cell anaemia group.Proteinuria (Protein/Creatinine Ratio) was significantly higher (P value > 0.001)in sickle cell anaemia group and significant proteinuria was detected in 12.5%among sickle cell anaemia group. Hyperuricemia only found in 6.3% of sicklecell group. The mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was significantly lower (Pvalue 0.03) in sickle cell group. There was no association between the severityscore and renal manifestations in the sickle cell anaemia group.Conclusions: Hyper-filtration and proteinuria were the most prevalent renalmanifestations in the Sickle group. Higher levels of uric acid and lower bloodpressure were observed in sickle patients when compared to controls.Recommendations: We recommend further studies to determine predictors ofthe renal disease and early detection and appropriate management ofproteinuria, hyperuricemia in patients with sickle cell anaemia. We suggestdevelopment of modified severity score that include renal complications.Keywords: sickle cell anaemia, renal manifestations, glomerular filtrationrate (GFR), uric acid.
أسماء بن علية, عبد الكريم بن محمد, فرح روابح
كلية الآداب واللغات-جامعة محمد البشير الإبراهيمي - برج بوعريريج · الجزائر
Chahinaz Bellouze, Hilal Djamaa, Zahir Sahli
كلية التكنولوجيا-جامعة عبد الرحمان ميرة - بجاية · الجزائر
L’objectif principal de ce travail était l’étude de l’effet des rayons UV sur les isolateursde types silicone. Ce qui a permis de mieux comprendre le comportement d’un isolateursilicone exposer aux rayons ultraviolets émises par le soleil.Dans un premier temps, nous avons fait une étude préliminaire des performances d’unisolateur silicone vierge et sec sans aucune pollution (propre) ensuite on a entamé descyclesde vieillissement aux UV pour simuler une exposition de longue durée au soleil et dedéduire leur effet sur les isolateurs silicone.Les résultats émanant de cette étude peuvent être résumés comme suit :? Diminutions de l’angle de contact de nos échantillons de silicone.? La tension de contournement diminue avec l’exposition prolongée aux rayons UV.? Le courant de fuite augmente avec l’exposition prolongée aux rayons UV.? La présence de pollutions conductrice aggrave la tension de contournement et courant defuite.? Décoloration des échantillons exposés aux rayons UV. Ce qui est un bon indice de leurdétérioration.
Almugtaba Ahmed brima, عبدالحليم رحمة
كلية الزراعة-جامعة الخرطوم · السودان
This study was designed to assess the good manufacturing practices (GMP) as a prerequisite programme and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) implemented and maintained in the dairy industries in three selected Sudanese States of Khartoum, White Nile and North Kordofan. The study depended on a questionnaire as a tool for collection of primary and secondary information for prerequisite programme of the HACCP system. The results showed that 36% of these dairy plants were in excellent situation with respect to the inside and outside factories and facilities of processing plant such as rooms, walls, windows, drains, lighting, ventilation, chilling, freezing facilities and equipment and machinery design, while the remaining plants (~64%) were in critical situation. For the facilities of processing plant such as the water and hygiene of changing rooms, toilets and hand-washing, almost 43% of these factories meet excellent standards. With respect to the operation condition, the results showed that 36% of these plants were in excellent condition concerning safety of water, cleanliness of contact surfaces, maintenance of facilities for personal hygiene, recalls and traceability, transport and storage, while the remaining plants were at risk. On the other hand, 43% of these plants can be regarded as excellent with respect to operation condition such as the training of staff, labeling, safe storage and use of toxic chemicals. For the operation conditions such as the pest control, protection of food from adulterants and waste management, most of these plants (88%) were in critical situation. For the implementation of HACCP requirements only, 36% of these plants do have process control documents, responsibilities for product safety, product information, intended use of product, flow diagrams of product, preventive measures and limits and tolerances for critical points. The results also revealed that, more than 79% of these plants did not implement HACCP principles such as monitoring the critical process parameters, conduct corrective action, have HACCP system documented, and appoint HACCP team for implementing HACCP system. Moreover, in all dairy plants investigated, the quality assurance team did not use HACCP decision tree or make an assessment of all potential risk for every process step and conduct verification procedures. The study recommended that the prerequisite programme is a good starting point for companies which wish to start quality assurance system, but still have a long way to go towards implementation of HACCP system.
عبدالله بن محمد المطلق, محمد بن سليمان البراك
المعهد العالي للقضاء-جامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية · السعودية
غسان كاظم جبر, نهلة كريم حسن
كلية التربية الاساسية-جامعة ميسان · العراق
Anis Rafik Boudjemline, Loucif Rabea Berraghda
كلية اللغات الأجنبية-جامعة الجزائر 2 - أبو القاسم سعد الله · الجزائر
El comercio ha sido siempre considerado como una operación de venta de productos por las marcas, sin embargo desde el día en que el cliente percibe la marca como un signo, señal que transmite valores y significaciones en sus productos así que no es cuestión solo de lucro sino de sentido , hubo una época en que las marcas padecían con la exigencia del consumidor , entonces la semiótica interviene en el marketing de la marca para entender esta cultura del consumidor y satisfacer sus necesidades juntos con el marketing, hemos tratado de la publicidad comercial como parte del Marketing. También planteamos hipótesis sobre nuestro tema o sea ¿Cómo se hace un análisis semiótico publicitario de la marca Nestlé? Así hemos intentado aplicar la semiótica a la publicidad y el marketing usándola como una metodología de trabajo.
سمير محمد شمشم, عبير حسين الدرويش
كلية الزراعة-جامعة حمص · سوريا
الطيب الحاج, عايدة علي الشريف, مصطفى محمد
كلية الزراعة-جامعة الخرطوم · السودان
The objective of this work was to identify the effects of heat stress and heat shock treatment, on three landraces of tomato collected from different geographical sites of Sudan compared to a commercial cultivar and to detect polymorphism among the four genotypes using RAPD markers. Plant height, Days to 50% flowering, days to physiological maturity, fruit size and fruit weight were compared between plants grown under normal temperatures ( 37 0C/ 23 0C day and night, respectively) in the nursery for two successive seasons (2007 and 2008) and plants grown inside green house under heat stress (45 oC/ 29 oC day and night, respectively) and another group subjected to heat shock treatment (48 oC) then left to grow under heat stress conditions (45 oC/ 29 oC day and night, respectively). With regard to the nursery experiments, no significant differences were found in plant height between the four genotypes in the first season, while significant differences were obtained in the second season. Significant differences were found between genotypes in the remaining pre mentioned growth parameters in both seasons. Heat stress led to significant differences in plant height, fruit size and fruit weight while time to 50% flowering and time to maturity showed highly significant differences between genotypes grown under normal temperatures compared to those under heat stress. Plant height, time to 50% flowering and time to physiological maturity increased markedly due to heat stress, while fruit size and fruit weight decreased. Heat stress had their most effects on the reproductive stage, which were reflected in delay of flowering and maturity and reduction in fruit size and weight. Heat shock treatment did not improve thermotolerance, although different types of heat shock proteins (HSPs) were induced to provide tomato plants with thermoprotection under heat stress. Heat shock suppressed some genes which was reflected on degradation of some proteins and enhanced expression of other genes to produce HSPs belonging to diverse groups. The use of 16 RAPD primers gave 61 polymorphic fragments, and there was a wide range of variations in polymorphism percent per primer. Genetic relationship between genotypes was determined using similarity matrix. RAPD proofed to be a powerful measure for the detection of polymorphism in tomato
