عبد الحميد بوفاس, كنـزة خـلاف, منــال صيفي

معهد الآداب واللغات-المركز الجامعي عبد الحفيظ بو الصوف · الجزائر

باسل الشحادات, بشار معين حسن

الجامعة الافتراضية السورية · سوريا

عمر برابح, فاطمة قريدة

كلية العلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة قاصدى مرباح ورقلة · الجزائر

جامعة قاصدي مرباح كلية العلو الانسانية و الاجتماعية شعبة الفلسفة

Baghdadi Wahiba, Fadila Mezrag

كلية العلوم-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر

Nous rapportons dans ce travail une étude théorique des propriétésélectroniques, optiques et diélectriques de alliages semiconducteurs quasi binaires(InSb)1-x (CdTe)x qui font partie d'une nouvelle classe de semi-conducteurs.Les calculs sont principalement basés sur l'approche du pseudo-potentielempirique (EPM) avec l’approximation du cristal virtuel VCA.Nos résultats, pour les gaps directs et indirects, les structures de bandes , l’indicede réfraction et les constantes diélectriques statique et de haute fréquence des alliagesquasibinaires (InSb)1-x(CdTe)x cristallisant dans la phase zinc-blende, sont en très bonaccord avec les résultats expérimentaux et théoriques disponibles. Et des prévisionspour d’autres par manque de données.

سميرة حابي, مختار بن قویة

كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية-جامعة اكلى محند أولحاج - البويرة · الجزائر

أسرار عبدالله العبيدي, بلاسم أحمد عبد, ماجد إبراهيم عبدالوهاب

الجامعة التكنولوجية · العراق

Anfal Ahmad Saleh Abu-Hilal, Mohammad M. Herzallah , Zaidoun M. Salah

كلية الصيدلة-جامعة القدس · فلسطين

منى مهابة, نعيمة طالبي, يحيى سعدوني

كلية الاداب واللغات-جامعة اكلى محند أولحاج - البويرة · الجزائر

Houda Tekkouk, Amel Derraz

كلية اللغات الأجنبية-جامعة عبد الحميد بن باديس مستغانم · الجزائر

Achieving a native-like level in speaking the English language is the main goal of EFL learners as well as teachers. However; learners, especially the introverted ones, are facing obstacles that prevent them from reaching the level of speaking fluently and comfortably in front of others. In this regard, our aim in the present work is to identify the major reasons that prevent these students at the Master level from performing properly when it comes to presentations. Most importantly, to investigate why these learners still struggle with speaking in the classroom despite many years of OE sessions, and what could be the objectives of these courses. Thus, to carry out this work, tree main tools will be used to collect the data needed for qualitative and quantitative research which are: a questionnaire administered to teachers of Oral Expression module, an interview with M2 students regarding their previous experience in the oral production lessons, and a classroom observation dedicated to L2 level. The results, as expected, have revealed some of the issues regarding the lack of introducing personalization to the teaching-learning process along with the unreasonable timing devoted to this fundamental skill.

Ahmed Zaki, Amr Shalakany

كلية العلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية-الجامعة الأمريكية بالقاهرة · مصر

Adversarial techniques such as pre-trial discovery of documents, cross-examination, and lengthy oral pleadings are now in vogue in the conduct of international commercial arbitration proceedings. This paper responds to this trend by analyzing both the adversarial and the inquisitorial systems in an attempt to demonstrate which is more fulfilling to the objectives of international commercial arbitration. These objectives are party autonomy, neutrality, efficiency, flexibility, and confidentiality. In the finale, the paper provides that although the adversarial system is in line with the autonomy rights of those who opt for arbitration, its inquisitorial counterpart is more neutral, efficient, flexible, and confidential. It argues, furthermore, that since arbitration is in essence a mechanism that comes at the expense of parties' rights in favor of the efficiency and the flexibility of the arbitral process, the inquisitorial system is more proximate to the objectives of international arbitration and, therefore, more realizing to the aspirations of its customers.