زياد قباجة, نادية عبد عيد ابراهيم

جامعة القدس · فلسطين

Azeddine Bilami, Noureddine Djeballah

كلية الرياضيات والإعلام الآلي-جامعة باتنة 2 - الشهيد مصطفى بن بولعيد · الجزائر

Dans un NoC ou réseau sur puce ,le routage joue un rôle très important. C'est l'algorithme de routage qui décide du chemin à emprunter pour envoyer le message de sa source à sa destination.Dans ce mémoire,nous présentons et évaluons un nouvel algorithme de routage appelé OEG (Odd Even Congestion) dédié aux topologies de maillage simple à deux dimensions,qui fournit un routage adaptatif et sans interblocages en tenant compte des condition de la congestion du réseau dans la proximité .L'intérêt de notre stratégie de routage réside dans son aspect dynamique basé sur l'indice de congestion qui permet de contourner les points de congestion en utilisant des chemins alternatifs.Une architecture a été développée afin d'évaluer les performances de notre algorithme. Il a été observé que les résultats de simulation de OEC en terme de latence moyenne sont meilleurs que ceux obtenus par les algorithmes Oddeven et XY.

Lewis R Soudder

الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

Hamid Bellache, Aghiles Djafour , Nadjet Azril

كلية الهيدروكربونات والكيمياء-جامعة أمحمد بوقرة - بومرداس · الجزائر

كوثر علي, يعقوب محمد

معهد الدراسات البيئية-جامعة الخرطوم · السودان

In many third world countries there has been a positive change andorientation, such as the replacement of slum and shanty-town demolitionwith upgrading programmes. In some instances, the provision of securetenure to squatters has greatly encouraged the development andimprovement of houses and whole settlement.In Khartoum urban area the complex nature of urbanization andurban planning process have increasingly posed very challengingproblems to the authorities, the scholars, and the general populace aswell.However this study tried to examine the nature and scope of theplanning process in Elsalama village through the provision ofinfrastructure components (e.g. water supply and sanitation , wastedisposal, road planning and drainage) through direct governmentintervention or with community support. The study also directed itsattention to assess the impacts of social or economic nature within theaffected population.Chapter, one, an introductory section aiming at or to explaining theobjective of the planning and replanning activities along with theprovision of piped water and electricity and other communal facilitiesthrough upgrading roads and houses. In addition to that the study tried toexamine the relationship between the shortage of houses, lacking ofaffordable public utilities and the level of income The chapter alsocovered methods and technique that followed in the survey .Thedifficulties also that faced the researcher were highly.Chapter two described , the area of study which include thegeographical location, the climate and the topographic features of theiiland as its flatness facilitated in the influx of migrants from adjacent areaThe chapter also discussed that the characteristics of population ofElsalama.Chapter three literature review, which include the growth ofsquatter settlement as an urban phenomenon , their causes and effect, andresponse taking Kenya and Latin America as examples.Chapter Four was devoted to policies of upgrading. In this section,the absence of direct measures for control on land by the land andplanning authorities has facilitated the occupation of such land byspeculators and squatters. The Government solved the problem ofdisplacement by creating Dar Elsalam township to absorb thesevulnerable groups.Chapter Five provided the results of the study through assessingand evaluating the satisfaction of Elsalama inhabitants, considering thesocio-economic aspect along with the environment.The study found that upgrading of squatter areas is a sound policyand received wide support by the local population.The planners in El Salama were able to draw the expertise of localleaders in solving any problems that may rise.The upragriding created suitable environmental conditions andprovided security of tenure leading to improvement in the built up area.

اسعد حسن, تماضر الخنساء, محمد عوض عبدالله

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة السودان للعلوم والتكنولوجيا · السودان

This study conducted in the farm and the fish hatchery at Sudan University of Science and Technology, in order to study some biological factors affect the successful of cultivation Nile tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus) fingerlings in tanks culture. Plastic tanks used for easy observation and periodic measurements.A trial was conduct to study the growth performance of O. niloticus fingerlings under three stocking densities; 10 fish tank‾¹ (SD1), 15 fish tank‾¹ (SD2) and 20 fish tank‾¹ (SD3). The results of the trial with respect to growth performance showed a significant preference (P 0.05). A trial was conduct to study the effect of different feed frequencies (FF) on the growth rates of O. niloticus fingerlings. The results indicated that, there is no significant difference (P> 0.05) due to repeated feeding frequency twice/day (FF1), three times/day (FF2), and four times/day (FF3), with no effect on survival rate by changes daily feeding frequencies. A trial was conduct to study the growth efficiency of O. niloticus fingerlings under influence of three feeding ratio; 5% (FR1), 9% (FR2), and 13% (FR3) from body weight. The results of the trial showed that, there is no significant benefit for daily weight gain due to different daily feeding ratios, with a significantly higher (P 0.05) in DO, temperature, pH, P, No2, No3 and ammonia concentrationsdue to cultivation O. niloticus fingerlings in tanks within different stocking densities trial, different feed frequencies trial and different daily feed rates trial. The study of the proximate chemical analysis of O. niloticus fingerlings body showed a significance difference (P 0.05) within different stocking densities, different feed frequencies and different feed rates trials.

جهيدة قطفة, سرير محمد , سهام تاني

كلية الاداب واللغات-جامعة الدكتور يحيى فارس بالمدية · الجزائر

احلام زفزوف, فتيحة يحي, نسرين أميرة مداحي

كلية العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة ابن خلدون – تيارت · الجزائر

Haddou Ammar, جهان العلمي

كلية الطب والصيدلة - مراكش-جامعة القاضي عياض · المغرب

Aoumer Sabrina, D. Aıssani

كلية العلوم الدقيقة-جامعة عبد الرحمان ميرة - بجاية · الجزائر

Dans ce memoire, nous prouvons l'applicabilite de la methode de stabilite forte `al'etude de syst`eme de files d'attente GI/M/1 avec vacances exponentielles lorsque celuiciest soumis `a des perturbations dans le taux de vacances.Nous montrons que sous certaines conditions, la chaˆ?ne de Markov induite associeeau syst`eme GI/M/1 est fortement _- stable, apr`es perturbation de taux de vacances etecriture des deux operateurs sous la mˆeme structure matricielle `a bloc-Jacobi. Ceci revient`a clarifier les conditions pour lesquelles les caracteristiques stationnaires du GI/M/1 avecvacances exponentielles peuvent ˆetre approximees par celles correspondantes du syst`emeGI/M/1 classique modifie. Nous obtenons ainsi les inegalites de la stabilite, avec un calculexact des constantes.Afin de mesurer les performances de la methode de stabilite forte et estimer la precisionde l'erreur d'approximation, nous proposons une approche de simulation pour confirmerles resultats obtenus.