محمد بوداب , نسرين نعمون

كلية الاقتصاد والعلوم التجارية والإدارية-جامعة 8 ماي 1945 قالمة · الجزائر

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة مستوى إدراك العاملين للعدالة التنظيمية وتحديد تأثيرها في مستوى الرضا الوظيفي بمؤسسة "مطاحن عمر بن عمر" بولاية قالمة، من خلال صياغة نموذج يفسر طبيعة العلاقة بين متغيرات الدراسة، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. اعتمدت الدراسة في ذلك على استمارة أسئلة تم توزيعها على عينة عشوائية من العاملين بالمؤسسة محل الدراسة، حيث اشتملت عينة الدراسة على 98 عاملا، بعد ذلك تحليل البيانات المتحصل عليها واختبار الفرضيات بالاعتماد على برنامج الرزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الإحصائية SPSS.خلصت الدراسة في الأخير إلى أن المؤسسة تطبق مختلف أبعاد العدالة التنظيمية بدرجة متوسطة، كما تبين أن لكل بعد تأثير في زيادة مستوى الرضا الوظيفي لدى العاملين، حيث يفسر إدراك العاملين للعدالة التنظيمية المطبقة في المؤسسة ما نسبته (70.4%) من مستوى الرضا الوظيفي لديهم، كما وتوصلت النتائج إلى أن المتغيرات الشخصية لأفراد عينة الدراسة ليس لها أي أثر معنوي في مستوى إدراكهم للعدالة التنظيمية.

حير طالب

الجامعة التكنولوجية · العراق

Abi-Ayad Djamal, Imakhlaf Ayyoub

كلية العلوم-جامعة أبو بكر بلقايد - تلمسان · الجزائر

Le Processus de Poisson est un outil élémentaire dans l’étude des phénomènes aléatoires dans le temps. Il permet d’étudier le nombre d’occurrences d’un phénomène dans une période déterminée, il permet même de décomposer l’étude d’un phénomène en l’étude de phénomènes plus particuliers, ou le contraire, de rassembler l’étude de plusieurs phénomènes en l’étude d’un phénomène plus générale.Comme exemple, on peut considérer le nombre de catastrophe naturelle survenu en une année dans une région quelconque, qui se réalise selon un processus de Poisson. Puis de le décomposer en deux études : celle des catastrophes causé par l’homme et celle des catastrophes naturelles, qui se réalisent selon deux autres Processus. Ou bien de considérer le nombre de secousse sismique, d’inondations et d’orages et qui se réalisent, chacun selon un processus de Poisson différent, et de les ramener à l‘étude des catastrophes naturelles.On a vu aussi le lien existant entre la statistique d’ordre issu d’un échantillon de loi uniforme et une loi conditionnelle des durées de vie sachant le nombre d’évènements survenu dans l’intervalle

Reem Khalil Mehdi, Mohmed Asem Abdul-Malak

كلية مارون سمعان للهندسة والعمارة-الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

Delays have been found to be the most cited source of disputes and the costliest cause of problems on construction projects in many contractual regimes. Delays can be caused by either Contractors or Employers or both. Delays can sometimes be controlled or remedied through the extension of time mechanisms stipulated for in contracts. However not every delaying event is covered in contracts, which makes delays in such cases hard to limit and prone to escalate the disagreements on hand to the level of complicated disputes. Disputes may reach the point where the Contractor declares time to have become at large, a case that existed a long time ago in many construction cases documented in literature, but still has uncertain and unanswered ends. It is safe to say that there is a consensus in the literature about the fact that in such cases, the Contractor is not bound anymore to finish by a fixed Time for Completion. Instead, he is supposed to finish all the works within “such a time that is reasonable under all circumstances” (McNair, 2011). The computation of this reasonable time remains quite vague, and only few papers tackle the topic. A diligent reading of the literature shed the light on a noticeable repetitive pattern, that is the attempt of the courts involved in time-at-large disputes to try and define the circumstances that shape the environment surrounding the Contractor as he moves on with the remaining works after he declares time to be at large and therefore dictating his progress on Site. In addition to this, several judges address the question of what remains enforceable from the contractual time risk structure in time-at-large situations. This research aims to find a common definition for the circumstances which govern the time taken by the Contractor to finish the Works. And since this process requires time impact analyses, whether presented by the Contractor or the Employer or both, the research also addresses the question of schedule administration in time-at-large cases. This was p

قاسم سليمان, هاله محمد حسين

كلية الهندسة-جامعة النهرين · العراق

This work aims to study the effect of  the relationship between the mass transfer coefficient and friction/shear velocity by the analysis of experimental results using Rotating Cylinder Electrode (RCE) to evaluate the limiting current density (LCD) under turbulent flow conditions at three different temperatures 40,50,600C. The experimental runs were carried out in NaCl salt solution of increasing concentration, i.e., 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5N to determine the limiting current density and therefore the mass transfer coefficient on two different metals (yellow admiralty brass and carbon steel), one of them is highly corroding (carbon steel) as function of  friction/shear velocity.Experiments showed that increasing the temperature for a given sodium chloride concentration leads to increase limiting current density and hence increased mass transfer coefficient on both metals. A similar trend is obtained for increasing NaCl salt concentration at a given temperature. As limiting current density is mass transfer controlled, slight or limited differences are noted on the two metals due to the fact the surface texture and morphology can not be reproduced equally the same. Temperature and increased NaCl salt concentration affect to different extent the dissolved oxygen concentration and the physical properties of the present system solutions. These variations are reflected on the limiting current and hence on mass transfer coefficient experimental results.Mass transfer coefficient depends mainly on velocity, i.e., Reynolds Number,which are influenced by temperature and solution NaCl concentration.

Fadoua Allali, Ihssane Hmamouchi Belkhadiri

كلية الطب والصيدلة-جامعة محمد الخامس بالرباط · المغرب

Hamou Bounib, Hocine Osmani

جامعة فرحات عباس - سطيف1 · الجزائر

Ilham Zarguan, Sanae Bennis

كلية الطب والصيدلة-جامعة محمد الخامس بالرباط · المغرب

زكية سعدي, محمد بلعيدوني

كلية الآداب واللغات-جامعة أبو بكر بلقايد - تلمسان · الجزائر

تتناولّ هده الدراسة مفهوم القاعدة النحوية عند سيبويه ، و التي اقتصرت بدورها على التركيبالاسمى أما النحو في كتاب سيبويه فهو وظيفي ، ولعل أبرز ما يميز القاعدة النحوية عنده موضوعاتهالدقيقة التي أضحت منهلا للدراسات و البحث

Nicolas Gholam, Shady Hamadeh

كلية الزراعة والعلوم الغذائية-الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

The study was conducted in Lebanon during the first and second quarters of 2021, after almost two years of political and financial unrest, and within a year through a global pandemic, to understand the situation of the Lebanese Local Food System. The research analyzed the economic practices, existing legislations, trends, evolution and the impact of the financial meltdown in a local food system that is nesting rural small scale producers form different categories. It identified, furthermore, the challenges of the Lebanese small scale producers and exposed their willingness in changing their operations to properly adapt.The rural/rural and rural/urban linkages have seen an evolution in the post-meltdown era, detecting shifts in Lebanese nested markets and a change in consumers’ behavior that suggest the creation of a New Rurality. That shift in paradigm is still, however, greatly affected by the international-national-local equity of distribution in developmental aid.The Lebanese local food system, maintained by the rural small scale producers is in dire need to a reform that allows it to move from a neglected informal status, to a constructed semi-informal framework. In order to succeed, this new framework needs to take into consideration the definition of agro-food smallholders, the logistical and intellectual needs/education that contribute to their business optimization and finally, the equity of subsidies distribution to make sure that even the ones not showing characteristics of entrepreneurship are benefiting.