فاطمة الزهراء بوطالب, قريشي محمد

كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية-جامعة قاصدى مرباح ورقلة · الجزائر

إن الإتيان على جريمة مادية لا يؤدي حتما إلى تطبيق العقوبة المقررة قانونا لمرتكبيها فلا يعاقب هذا الأخير إلا إذا اثبت القاضي مسؤوليته الجنائية، فقد نصت المادة47 من قانون العقوبات الجزائري على أنه لا عقوبة على من كان في حالة جنون وقت ارتكاب الجريمة وتثير هذه المادة بعض الصعوبات فهي لم تضع تعريفا لمصطلح الجنون كما لم ساير التطور الحاصل في مجال الطب العقلي تبعا لما جاء به التشخيص الأمريكي الرابع وبالتالي وجب إن يتم تفسير هذه المادة لتتضمن معنى الاضطرابات.إن تقدير حالة الجنون من الأمور الموضوعية التي وجب على القاضي التوقف عندها حيث عليه اخذ رأي أهل الاختصاص في ذلك و له طبقا لأحكام قانون الإجراءات الجزائية في نص المادة أن يكون حرا في تكوين اقتناعه تبعا للأدلة المعروضة علية و التي تمت المناقشة فيها حضوريا . Le venir avec le matériau d'un crime ne conduit pas inévitablement à l'application de la peine prévue par la loi pour les auteurs pas punis par ce dernier, sauf si le juge a prouvé sa responsabilité pénale, l'article 47 du Code pénal algérien prévoit qu'aucune pénalité sur ceux qui étaient dans le cas du temps fou du crime cet article soulève des difficultés Ils ne mettent pas une définition de la folie que l'évolution dans le domaine de la psychiatrie n'a pas Sayer fonction de ce que lui apporta la quatrième diagnostic américain et doit donc être interprété cet article pour inclure le sens de l'agitation. L'estimation des cas de folie de questions de fond que le juge doit alors arrêter où il a estimé que les personnes de compétence en lui et en conformité avec les dispositions du Code de procédure pénale dans le texte de l'article peut être libre en fonction de la composition de sa condamnation devant elle et la preuve qui a eu une discussion dans laquelle sa présence.The come up with the material a crime does not inevitably lead to the application of punishment prescribed by the law for the perpetrators not punished by the latter unless the judge proved his criminal responsibility, the Article 47 of the Algerian Penal Code provides that no penalty on those who were in the case of mad time of the crime this article raises some difficulties They did not put a definition of madness as the evolution in the field of psychiatry has not Sayer depending on what brought him the fourth American diagnosis and therefore must be interpreted this article to include the meaning of the unrest. The estimation of insanity case of matters of substance which the judge must then stop where it took the view that the people of competence in him and in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code in the text of the article may be free depending on the composition of his conviction before it and the evidence that has been discussion in which his presence.

Nahid Abubacker Elsiddig Abbas, Ghada Abdelrahman Elfadil

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة السودان للعلوم والتكنولوجيا · السودان

Back ground: Obesity is a state of excess adipose tissue, associated with abnormal sex steroids concentrations which are related to the degree of obesity. This study was carried out to assess serum level of testosterone hormone in obese subjects.Material and methods: fifty samples were collected from obese and overweight (male and female) in period between August to November 2017, chosen randomly in Khartoum State, and 50 apparently healthy individuals with normal BMI as control group, to assess the effect of obesity on testosterone hormone level. Estimation of serum testosterone level was done by using enzyme immune assay analyzer (TOSOH), and results were analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) computer program.Result: The result of this study showed that the mean concentration of testosterone hormone in obese subjects was significantly decreased compared to control (Mean ± SD for cases versus control). (Mean ± SD: 4.25±1.97 versus 9.97±10.74, P. value=0.003). It showed that the mean concentration of testosterone in obese male was significantly decreased compared to control male (4.17 ± 1.05 versus 22.05 ± 6.34, P.value =0.00). In addition it showed that mean concentration of testosterone in obese female was significantly increased compared to control (4.70±2.97 versus 1.92 ± 0.89, P.value =0.00). Also showed that mean concentration of testosterone in obese class 1 was significantly increased compared to control (3.95±1.89 versus 9.97±10.74, P. value=0.008). It showed strong positive correlation between BMI and Testosterone in obese female(r=0.5, p=0.03). Conclusion: It is concluded that the serum level of testosterone hormone decreases in Sudanese obese male but increases in obese female.

Lilia Messadi, Rachid Selmi

المعهد الوطني للعلوم الفلاحية - تونس-جامعة قرطاج · تونس

fadl moukalled, Yamen Mohammad Saleh

كلية مارون سمعان للهندسة والعمارة-الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

A complete two- dimensional model of heat and mass transfer through porous media is developed and implemented with in a FVM computer code. This code is used to perform a numerical study on the temperature distribution, driven by solar heat flux, in soil c

Amrou Mohammed Salim Al-Alawi , Mohamed A. K. El-Ghali, Mohamed Moustafa

كلية العلوم-جامعة السلطان قابوس · عمان

Carbonate reservoirs require special attention due to their significant contribution to global oil and gas reserves, accounting for approximately 60% of the world's remaining reserves. These reservoirs also exhibit favorable characteristics for carbon dioxide (CO₂) storage, making their continued exploration and development vital not only for future energy supply but also for achieving net-zero carbon emissions through the use of depleted reservoirs for CO₂ sequestration. Reservoir quality, particularly porosity and permeability, is strongly influenced by factors such as depositional environment and diagenetic processes. Therefore, investigating these factors provides a valuable opportunity to predict reservoir properties and understand their spatial distribution and evolution. The Lower Aptian Carbonates, specifically the Lower Shu’aiba and its equivalent, the Upper Qishn, are recognized across the Arabian Peninsula for their significant hydrocarbon reservoirs. These formations offer an excellent setting to study depositional environments and diagenetic alterations impacting reservoir quality. This study examined approximately 59 meters of the outcropped Lower Shu’aiba in Wadi Bani Kharus (Northern Oman) and 22 meters of the outcropped Upper Qishn in Wadi Baw (East Central Oman). Facies analysis, diagenetic evaluation, and reservoir quality assessment were conducted on 26 selected samples prepared as thin sections. These samples underwent microscopic study and point counting (300 points each), while 12 samples were further analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and geochemical techniques including X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Additionally, 16 samples were subjected to coring and porosity and permeability measurements. Seventeen distinct microfacies were identified across the two sites, representing diverse depositional environments ranging from lagoonal and reef settings to open marine algal platforms and slopes. Wadi Bani Kharus reflects the deeper, distal basin environment with characteristic slope microfacies, whereas Wadi Baw’s coarser-grained lithofacies correspond to a proximal, high-energy depositional environment. Regional diagenetic variations significantly influence reservoir quality. Northern Oman’s Lower Shu’aiba is characterized by extensive fracturing with calcite cement filling, while Central Oman’s Upper Qishn shows pronounced dolomitization and dissolution. Unique dolomite microfacies found in Wadi Baw pose classification challenges due to their atypical nature and suggest distinct dolomitization mechanisms absent in northern Oman. Microfacies characteristics strongly correlate with reservoir quality. The presence of interparticle microporosity and intrafossil porosity, particularly in foraminiferal-rich microfacies, enhances porosity substantially. Despite high porosity, the Lower Aptian Carbonates exhibit low permeability due to limited pore connectivity. Notably, Wadi Baw samples demonstrate higher porosity and permeability compared to Wadi Bani Kharus, where porosity is poor and permeability negligible. This disparity is attributed to differential burial histories, with Wadi Baw experiencing shallow burial and Wadi Bani Kharus subjected to deep burial related to ophiolite obduction. Preliminary evaluations highlight the Upper Qishn as a promising target for CO₂ storage. Although permeability is slightly below optimal thresholds, favorable porosity, thickness, and depth conditions suggest efficient supercritical CO₂ storage potential. Furthermore, geochemical analyses reveal mineralogical conditions conducive to long-term, stable CO₂ sequestration via mineralization.

أحمد إبراهيم أحمد آل ساعد, أحمد عبدالرحمن الغامدي

كلية التربية-جامعة أم القرى · السعودية

مريم بن سكيريفة, موسى بن براهيم حريزي

كلية العلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة قاصدى مرباح ورقلة · الجزائر

مناقشة بيانات الدراسة ، وذلك على ضوءالتصور النظري الذي اختبرت على أساسه فرضيات البحث السبعة ، كما قمنا بتفسير نتائجالبحث على ضوء نتائج التراث النظري وذلك من خلال مقارنة النتائج المتحصل عليهابنتائج الدراسات السابقة وكذا الاستعانة بما جاء في الجانب النظري الخاص بالدراسة

Modawy Adam Ali Abdalla, Giddani Osman Addlan

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة السودان للعلوم والتكنولوجيا · السودان

High Voltage transmission lines are designed to transfer large amount of power from one location to another. The length exposed to the environment is a major reason for occurrence of faults on the lines. A fault on a high voltage transmission line affects the stability of the overall power system, which sometimes leads to permanent damage of the equipment. The Major problem of tripping signal of a relay based on steady state component does not warranty faster tripping schemes for protection of high voltage transmission lines. Proposed work has made an attempt to find solution to the problem of fault detection and faster tripping using numerical relay based on travelling wave.Voltage and current traveling waves are generated when a fault occurs on the transmission line. The Information about the fault can be obtained by analyzing the traveling waves. This Thesis has made an attempt to obtain travelling waves components in the form of forward wave and backward waves from post fault components of voltage and current. The traveling wave techniques, which are based on analog signal processing, proposed in this thesis in addition to numeric techniques identify and locate the fault by using the information contained in the waves. The techniques are implemented in MATLABSIMULINK. Some cases of the fault are discussed in the thesis.The performance of the numeric technique for protecting HV transmission lines using traveling waves is confirmed to be satisfactory. The proposed technique provide protection at speed and accurate.

John Humphrey, Scott Whattam , عمر عاطف محمد عبد الفتاح رضوان

كلية هندسة البترول وعلوم الأرض-جامعة الملك فهد للبترول والمعادن · السعودية

Sands cover one third of Arabian Peninsula and represent the largest continuous body of eolian sand on Earth. This study aims to investigate quartz crystallinity of Arabian sands and sandstones to help reveal new provenance aspects. It also investigates mineralogy, thermo-physical, and thermo-optical properties of Arabian sands to help find the best candidate of Arabian sands to be employed as a thermal energy storage medium and solar absorber material for high-temperature solar thermal technologies. Systematic sampling covered Quaternary surface sediments from Nafud, Dahna corridor, and the western part of AlRub’AlKhali deserts, and Paleozoic and Mesozoic sandstones.Quartz crystallinity index (QCI) values of sandstones were found to vary temporally and seem to be associated with geologic abundances of siliceous sponges and eolian depositional environments. QCI values of sands vary spatially and are narrower (homogenized) after unidirectional and/or long-distance transportation in AlRub’AlKhali sands. The presence of chert is suggested to be responsible for the extreme values of QCI in Arabian sands and sandstones.The purest quartzose sands (≥99% quartz) possess the best thermo-physical and thermo-optical properties. These pure quartzose sands have the highest specific heat capacity, do not agglomerate up to 1200°C, and have the highest spectral absorbance after heating to 1200°C. The purest quartzose sands occupy the southwestern part of the Nafud desert. Sand of this area is proposed to be the best candidate of all Arabian sands to be used as a sensible thermal energy storage medium and solar absorber material.

Nesreein Abdalla khalf alla Mahammed, Mohamed Abdelsalam Abdalla

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة السودان للعلوم والتكنولوجيا · السودان

Across- sectional study was carried from April 2015 to October 2015 todetermine the prevalence of, and to identify Risk factor for Brucellosisinfection in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Gadarrif State, Sudan.A total of 252 camels from 60 camel herds were included in this study, TheStudy was conducted in four selected locality in Gadarrif State. FromAlgadarrif (109), Butana (93), Wast Algadrrif (15), and Alshwak (35)Localities. Of these,8.4 % (215 out of 252), and 13.5% (37 out of 252) were female and malecamels respectively.Atotal of 252 samples were collected and screened by and Rose Bengal PlateTest (RBPT). Among these, 23 were positive giving an individual prevalencerat of (9.2). This Study show that the occurrence of the disease was slightlyhigher in Algadarrif (89.o %), Butana (89.2%), and Alshwak (92.1%)(P11 years) 9.1%, and in (6-10 years) 6.2%. there was also significantincreasing Seropositivity with respect to increasing herd size ( P>0.25)Seropositivity was large herds (>70 ) 10.6% , in moderate herds( o.25). Camels reared with other ruminants showed Seroprevalence of14.3% which was higher than that in camels kept alone 7.9%. (OR=8.693;95% CI: .656 to 11.258, P=.162)viiAlso Study showed Seropositivity of aborted camels were 81.8% which washighest than other one was not aborted camels 2.2% (OR= .002; 95% CI: .000to.017, P=.000) . and Seropositivity Inbreeding camels 11.2% Comparedwith the marketing camels 4.9% locality, Body condition were not foundsignificantly associated with brucellosis (P>0.25) in the Univariate analysis.Multivariate analysis showed that abortion higher significantly (Exp .000 -.017, P-value .000).The results of the present study provide the status of Seropositivity to Brucellain camels in Algadarrif and the risk factors that contribute to Seropositivity indromedaries and showed that brucellosis is widely distributed disease amongcamel herds in Algadarrif State.