عيسي بلكرفة, فتحي بوخالفة

كلية الاداب واللغات-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر

Abuzar Ebead Awadelkarim, حسن العبيد احمد, محمد المختار عبدالعزيز

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة السودان للعلوم والتكنولوجيا · السودان

The goal of the study was to optimize microwave decomposition conditions (Acid mixture, sample weight, radiation power, radiation period) to determine several minerals (Fe, Mg, Zn, Cu Mn, Cr and Se) in multivitamin/multimineral formulations. Optimum conditions were found to be 0.1 g of sample powder, acid mixture 5 ml of nitric acid, 0.5 ml of hydrochloric acid and 1 ml of hydrogen peroxide H2O2 and microwave conditions. A pretreatment, using a three-steps heating program: starting irradiation from 10 minutes at 500W, for 16 minutes at 600W and then cooling at room temperature. A reagent of the oxidizing acids mixture was suitable for determining the seven minerals studied without subsequent manipulation of the digestion product. The accuracy of the procedure was verified, and recoveries of iron, zinc, manganese, magnesium, copper, chromium and selenium were found to be in the percentage range 98.59 ± 0.36-100.91 ± 0.61, 99.05 ± 0.46-101.19 ± 0.56, 97.30 ± 0.1-100.57 ± 0.09, 97.50 ± 5.63-99.10 ± 3.62, 98.93 ± 0.05-100.12 ± 0.057, 99.136 ± 0.01-100.13 ± 0.02, and 98.54 ± 0.07-99.85 ± 0.03, respectively. The optimized method was validated and applied to the determination of iron, zinc, manganese, magnesium, copper, chromium and selenium in eight available multivitamin/multimineral capsules obtained from the local pharmacies.The developed microwave digestion procedure was used to determine thirteen macro and micro elements Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Se, V and Zn in the multivitamin/multimineral formulations, employing ICP-MS, and optimized by factorial design 33, The microwave digestion conditions, temperature, acid mixture volume and radiation period were selected as factors. Moreover, a multiple response was built to establish a compromise condition between the elements. The optimum conditions were found to be 160ºC, 6.5ml, 20min for temperature, acid mixture volume and radiation period, respectively. The procedure was validated using standard reference materials (SRM3280) and applied to determine of calcium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, nickle, selenium, vanadium and zinc in six commercial multivitamin/multimineral samples obtained from the local pharmacies. Recoveries were found to be in the range 88 – 107%.Moreover, ninety-three samples of widely used multivitamin/multimineral for pregnant and diabetic formulations available in the Sudan were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometry (ICP-MS), to estimate values of thirteen macro and micro elements (Calcium, Cobalt, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Potassium, Magnesium, Manganese, Sodium, Nickle, Selenium, Vanadium and Zinc) and the concentration levels were compared with those labelled. Concentration levels were acceptable for Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Ni, and V, but six products contained mineral levels much higher than those labelled, for Mn, Zn, Cr and Se. Although many elements were not labelled in the leaflet of the multivitamin/multimineral products, some were experimentally determined. Those elements could be introduced in the composition of the product, during formulation processing from excipients and water, such as K (from 0.657 mg/caps. to 0.024 mg/caps.), and Ca (from 2.083 mg/caps. to 6.686 mg/caps.) in addition to their salts as iodide, selenite and molybdenite.

خمقاني عنترة, مناصرية رشيد

كلية العلوم الاقتصادية والتجارية وعلوم التسيير-جامعة قاصدى مرباح ورقلة · الجزائر

جامعة قاصدي مرباح – ورقلةكلية العلوم الاقتصادية والعلوم التجارية وعلوم التسييرقسم علوم التسيير

Amal Saeed Alharbi, Shawket G. Ghedan

جامعة خليفة · الامارات

Oil reservoirs are very complex systems with flow properties varying from the pore to reservoir scale. To simulate fluid flow in the reservoir, there are many uncertainties ranging from the spatial distribution of basic rock properties to the quantification and impact of rock/fluid SCAL models of hysteresis and wettability. The process of history matching attempts to reasonably reproduce the past field performance by fine tuning some or all of these uncertain parameters while reasonably maintaining their physical nature in the simulation model. It is well known that well history matched simulation models are more trustworthy in predicting future reservoir performance. Errors in these future performance predictions may be introduced, however, when future development plan include processes that were not experienced historically. In this study, Validity and reliability of simulation models, that has been history matched by two-phase flow processes of water flooding, to predict the performance of three-phase flow of WAG processes was assessed. To do that, fine grid of two 5-spot sectors model was built and then upscaled. Upscaled model was then history matched to the results obtained from the fine model using water flooding data and utilizing pseudo functions data. The resulted cases as well as the fine model were then taken to prediction to estimate the performance of three-phase flow of gas and WAG processes. Result so fine and coarse models were then analyzed and compared to draw conclusions on the reliability of the coarse models to match the predicted results of the reference model of the fine simulation model. The application of assisted history match (Automatic History Matching) was examined successfully in this project as a tool to identify the range of uncertainty parameters that are impacting the reservoir performance. A combination of manual and assisted matching, few realizations of acceptable history matched models were produced. This is to determine the effect of reservoir different reservoir parameters on the process. Prediction results showed differences between fine grid and coarse grid models performances. The upscaled models utilizing pseudo functions were able to predict the water performance only within the uncertainties of history matching. Unlike water, Gas performance was not predictable by the upscaled models. By comparing fine model and coarse models gas behavior, it was concluded that 3-phase flow cannot be accurately predicted with 2-phase flow models where the main reason is the absence of the gas during history.

سعيد بن علي بن راشد النظيري, هايل عبد المولى طشطوش

كلية إدارة الأعمال-جامعة الشرقية · عمان

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى الكشف عن وجود علاقة ارتباطية بين ممارسة القيادة التحويلية والأداء الوظيفي للكادر الإشرافي بوزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية، وقد استُخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لمناسبته لأهداف البحث، وتكوّن مجتمع الدراسة من مشرفي الكادر الديني بوزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الدينية (136) مشرفا ومشرفة، وهم يمثلون عينة الدراسة، وتكوّنت الاستبانة من محورين: القيادة التحويلية (24) فقرة، والأداء الوظيفي (21) فقرة، وتم التأكد من صدقها وثباتها، حيث بلغ معامل آلفا كرونباخ (0.948)، وقد تم استخدام المتوسطات الحسابية والانحرافات المعيارية، وتحليل التباين، ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون للإجابة على أسئلة الدراسة.وقد أظهرت النتائج ارتفاعا كبيرا جدا في مستوى ممارسة الكوادر الإشرافية الدينية للقيادة التحويلية، والأداء الوظيفي، كما أظهرت عدم وجود فروق جوهرية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين كل من محاور القيادة التحويلية والأداء الوظيفي تعزى إلى الجنس أو العمر أو سنوات الخبرة، وأظهرت وجود علاقات ارتباطية ذات اتجاهات إيجابية، على مستوى جميع محاور كل من متغير القيادة التحويلية ومحاور متغير الأداء الوظيفي بدون استثناء؛ حيث دلت النتائج أيضا على تباين واختلاف في القوة الارتباطية، فجاء أعلى قوة ارتباط بين محور التحفيز الإلهامي (القيادة التحويلية) ومحور رعاية المشاعر (الأداء الوظيفي) لدى الكادر الاشرافي، فكلما زادت درجة ممارسة القيادة التحويلية زادت درجة الأداء الوظيفي لدى الكادر الإشرافي، وقد أوصت الدراسة بتنظيم ندوات علمية ودورات خاصة، وبرامج تدريبية، لتعزيز ممارسة القيادة التحويلية لدى الجهات الحكومية الأخرى، للارتقاء بالأداء، ودعم كل ما يؤدي إلى تطبيق الأساليب والمقترحات المناسبة لتفعيل أداء القيادة التحويلية.الكلمات المفتاحية: القيادة التحويلية، الاداء الوظيفي، وزارة الاقاف، المشرفين الاداريين.

الطيب بالعربي, سيد علي تيس

كلية العلوم الاجتماعية والانسانية-جامعة الجزائر 1 - بن يوسف بن خدة · الجزائر

استهدف البحث الكشف عن أنماط التصورات البديلة الشائعة لمفاهيم بنية المادة و كذا أساليب التعليم ومن ثم استقصاد فعالية استراتيجية أعمال و نشاطات المختبر في تعديل تلك التصورات و أثرها على أساليب تعليم الطلاب ,تألفت عينة البحث من 18 طالب و طالبة من السنة الأولى علوم دقيقة اختبرو بطريقة عشوائية استخدم البحث الأساليب الاحصاء التالية -احتساب النسب المئوية و متوسطة الدرجات و الاجرائات المعيارية -حساب دلالة الفروق بين المتوسطة للقياس القبلي و البعدي -بنية الكسب المعدل لسلبيات -حساب سريع اثبتات -تحديد معاملات الارتباط.

سامية الشيخ إدريس محمد, سعاد إبراهيم عيسى

كلية التربية-جامعة الخرطوم · السودان

استهدفت هذه الدراسة معرفة أثر البيئة المدرسية على الكفاءة الكمية للنظام التعليميلمرحلة الأساس بمحافظة أم درمان . وطرحت هذه الدراسة ستة أسئلة تستبطن فروضالدراسة وهي أن:المبنى المدرسي ، تدريب المعلم ، المنهج، الأجهزة المدرسية ، النشاطاتالمدرسية ، الإدارة المدرسية تؤثر على الكفاءة الكمية للنظام التعليمي لمرحلة الأساس تأثيرًاسلبيًا.وقد استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي تحت مظلة الدراسات المسحية ، وتكونمجتمع البحث من:تلاميذ وتلميذات ، معلمين ومعلمات ، مديرين ومديرات ، ومدارس الأساسالحكومية بمحافظة أم درمان.أما عينة البحث فهي عينة عشوائية تكونت من:70 ) تلميذًا وتلميذًة ، ( 69 ) معلمًا معلم ً ة ، ( 14 ) مديرًا ومديرًة ، وقد بلغ عدد )مدارس العينة ( 14 ) مدرس ً ة داخل محافظة أم درمان.وفيما يتعلق بأدوات الدراسة قامت الباحثة بتصميم ثلاثة استبيانات ، وبطاقتيملاحظة ومقابلة ، وتم استخدام الإسلوب الإحصائي الوصفي في تحليل البيانات.وبينت النتائج أن هناك تأثيرًا سلبيًا ؛ للمبنى المدرسي، المنهج، تدريب المعلم ،الأجهزة المدرسية ، النشاطات المدرسية والإدارة المدرسية على الكفاءة الكمية للنظامالتعليمي لمرحلة الأساس.كما خرجت الدراسة ببعض التوصيات التي من شأنها المساعدة في تحسين البيئةالمدرسية وزيادة الكفاءة الكمية للنظام التعليمي لمرحلة الأساس، والتقليل من الهدر التربويوأثاره .

Jean-Philippe Croue, Thomas Maugin

جامعة الملك عبدالله للعلوم والتقنية · السعودية

Providing pretreatment prior RO filtration is essential to avoid biofouling and subsequent loss of membrane performances. Chlorine is known to degrade polymericmembrane, improving or reducing membrane efficiency depending on oxidationconditions. This study aimed to assess the impact of alternative disinfectant, NH2Cl,as well as secondary oxidants formed during chloramination of seawater, e.g. HOBr,HOI, or used in water treatment e.g. ClO2, O3, on membrane structure andperformances. Permeability, total and specific rejection (Cl-, SO42-, Br-, Boron), FTIRprofile, elemental composition were analyzed. Results showed that each oxidantseems to react differently with the membrane. HOCl, HOBr, ClO2 and O3 improvedmembrane permeability but decreased rejection in different extent. In comparison, chloramines resulted in identical trends but oxidized membrane very slowly. On the contrary, iodine improved membrane rejection e.g. boron, but decreased permeability.Reaction conducted with chlorine, bromine, iodine and chloramines resulted in theincorporation of halogen in the membrane structure. All oxidant except iodine wereable to break amide bonds of the membrane structure in our condition. In addition,chloramine seemed to react with membrane differently, involving a potential additionof nitrogen. Chloramination of seawater amplified membrane performances evolutionsdue to generation of bromochloramine. Moreover, chloramines reacted both withNOM and membrane during oxidation in natural seawater, leading to additionalrejection drop.

محمد حافظ الشريدة, محمد عبدالله محمد علي عبدالله

كلية الدراسات العليا -جامعة النجاح الوطنية · فلسطين

This study aims at recognizing the importance of Jerusalem and Al Masjed Al Aqsa, also to pinpoint where it was mentioned in the Holy Quran and sayings of prophet Mohammed (peace on him), and the historical significance of the holy land. The study followed historical and analytical research methodology by collecting data from the accounts of great travelers and celebrities who lived and occupied the land of Palestine. The study was organized and divided into an introduction, four chapters, and a conclusion each one took an important aspect of the holy land. The first chapter of the study took the importance of the Holy land and Al Masjed Al Aqsa as it was mentioned in the Holy Quran. Furthermore, the study tracked the places where it was mentioned and significance of these verses. The second chapter discussed the importance of the holy land and Al Masjed Al Aqsa as it was mentioned in the sayings of the prophet (peace on him), in this chapter there was a thorough analysis of the significance of the these sayings. The third chapter shed more light on conspiracies that aims to change the Islamic features of the holy land and Al Masjed Al Aqsa, and what the sayings said about the future of Jerusalem. The fourth and final chapter in the study was a survey of the biography of key celebrities and important people who either lived in Palestine or passed through. The study ended with a conclusion that summarized the main results of the study. Furthermore, the study confirmed without doubt that Palestine and Al Masjed Al Aqsa is Islamic and have a strong connection with the Islamic religion. On this land, the day of reckoning is near, and the people of Palestine are in state of steadfast till the judgment day, as peace on him told us the good news that will fall on the people of the holy land.

حداد موجانة, مريم حسيني

كلية الأداب واللغات-جامعة العربي بن مهيدي - أم البواقي · الجزائر

Generally speaking, the postcolonial city inherited Western urbanization and modernization that have given women a relative freedom and helped them to change positions in their society. This research examines the representation of Lagos City in Cyprian Ekwensi's Jagua Nana and displays the lives and experiences of individuals, particularly women characters within it. In other words, it investigates the relationship between women and the city and how they influence each other. To do so, this study uses different approaches such as postcolonialism and feminism-that can be called urban feminism. First, it shows the characteristics of the postcolonial city at two main levels: the physical and the social. The reader learns about those characteristics through the daily details of women life, especially through the eyes of Jagua Nana. Moreover, it sheds light on women roles, social positions, political engagement, and economic contribution - and more importantly it focuses on the theme of prostitution, not as a social moral problem, but as an economic tactic that leads sometimes to women empowerment in an urban setting. Finally, this study comes out with the idea that there exists a bound relation between the city and the woman in Jagua Nana. It concludes that the city can be compared to a woman more than a mere setting in the novel.