صابرينة صديقي, احمد مصطفاوي, رشا صباغ

كلية اللغات والاداب-جامعة ابن خلدون – تيارت · الجزائر

Ces dernières années, les réseaux sociaux prennent une place de plus en plus importante dans la vie personnelle et professionnelle des gens. Ils connaissent un engouement auprès d'un public très varié. Ils sont devenus des outils incontestables de la communication en ligne et cela a permis de produire une nouvelle langue basée sur les émoticônes et les abréviations. En parallèle, on observe que le niveau orthographique des apprenants est en baisse depuis des années sur la base de ce constat nous avons mené une recherche afin de vérifier l'influence des réseaux sociaux sur l'orthographe. Il apparaît que les apprenants utilisateurs du langage des réseaux ont commettent des erreurs similaires à celle des messages en ce qui concerne l'orthographe.

حيدر محمد عويد, رويده كريم خومان جبار

كلية الهندسة-جامعة بابل · العراق

With the current focus on sustainable development in the civil engineering field, it is necessary to develop construction and building materials with reasonable costs and low environmental impacts in order to reduce CO2 emissions from the cement industry as a whole. This thesis studies the effect of using metakaolin (MK), also called Calcined kaolin clay (CKC), and nanomaterials (Nano calcium carbonate (NC), and Nano alumina (NA)) as partial replacements for Portland limestone cement (PLC) on the sustainability of self-compacting concrete (SCC) and improves its structural properties. This thesis developed three blend systems: binary, ternary, and quaternary. The fresh properties of SCCs were measured by slump flow (D), and T500, V-funnel, L-box, and segregation resistance tests to evaluate the filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance of concrete mixes. The bulk density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests were carried out to assess the performance of SCC mixtures in hardened states at various ages. Besides, the durability performance of SCCs was investigated in terms of water absorption, porosity, and sorptivity. The results revealed that when utilizing MK, NC, and NA in binary, ternary, and quaternary blends, they reduced the fresh properties, and the slump flows, flow times, and segregation tests are good enough for SCCs development. In addition, the L-Box height ratio values ranged from 0.791 to 0.982 without any tendency to blockage. Thus, all the SCC mixtures fulfilled the properties in a fresh state. There is a significant improvement in the test results of the hardened properties and durability performance of the SCC in quaternary blend system, where the hybrid blends of 3% NC and 2% NA particles with MK in quaternary blends are more beneficial than the single use of nanoparticles with MK. At 90

Abdelghani Ben Tahar, Abdellah Ouammou, Mohamed Hanini

كلية العلوم والتقنيات - سطات-جامعة الحسن الأول - سطات · المغرب

Cloud computing has become a dominant paradigm in the IT environment in recent years. Its principle is to provide services to customers on demand, and allows them to pay only for what they need. The increasing need for this type of service brings the providers to increase the size of their infrastructure, as energy consumption and associated costs become very significant. A cloud service provider must provide all the different types of requests. Infrastructure managers need then to host all the types of services together. That's why during this thesis, we focus on the modeling and analysis of management resources in data center environments in cloud computing. Analytical models are developed to improve the quality of services deployed in the cloud and minimize the energy consumption. Two great analytical tools have been used to achieve this purpose, queuing theory and dynamic programming. To achieve this, we first modeled and studied the problem of initial resource allocation, proposing two algorithms approached via heuristics, and then exploiting the concept of virtual machine migration in a cloud data center. The notion of reserve servers is implemented in our models in order to manage energy consumption. Servers are divided into two types: In run mode and in sleep mode as a reserve when there is no work to be done. Usually, the service receives customers in one way or another, we have focused on M/M/K queue system with a setup cost that describes a delay when a new reserve server is turning on. In another approach, a controller is placed in front of the arriving clients to manage their placement in the system and he is the one who decides whether to turn on a reserved server or not depending on the client's needs. Typically, services have to deal with different load levels. This is why we have developed the resource allocation models including the dynamical nature of requests and resource usage, as well as the notion of the cost of switching servers ON and OFF and the cost of migrating services from one server to another. The results of the models used during the works have been validated by both analytical and numerical solutions and some of them are compared qualitatively with other recent works.

العربي صالح اليسير, هدى علي أحميد قزيط

جامعة مصراتة · ليبيا

عبير محمد حاتم, مصطفي شاهين أبو شاهين

كلية التربية-جامعة تشرين · سوريا

Koceila Koucha, Messahel Ramdane, Noureddine Almouboudi

كلية العلوم-جامعة أمحمد بوقرة - بومرداس · الجزائر

Sara Mezhoud, Chanez Rabehi, Daouia Brahmi, Farid Ait Mrzeg

كلية العلوم الدقيقة-جامعة عبد الرحمان ميرة - بجاية · الجزائر

سامية صالحي, سهام إبراهيم مزاري

كلية العلوم السياسية والعلاقات الدولية-جامعة الجزائر 3 - إبراهيم سلطان شيبوط · الجزائر

في الخامس عشر من ديسمبر 2013 ، قاتلت كتيبة من الحرس الرئاسي أحياء سكنية في العاصمة جوبا بجمهورية جنوب السودان. تسبب ذلك في أعمال عنف بين فصيلين من الحرس الرئاسي ، يخفيان ، في الواقع ، عداوة سياسية وقبلية ، بين الرئيس سيلفا كير مياردت من قبيلة الدينكا ونائبه رياك مشار من قبيلة النوير ، وهما الأطراف الرئيسية في هذا الصراع. ، والذي نتج عن الخلاف حول تقاسم السلطة في دولة جنوب السودان. استمرت الحرب الأهلية من 2013 إلى يناير 2020 ، مع تنفيذ اتفاق السلام الأخير بين طرفي الحرب ، بوساطة إقليمية نفذتها الهيئة الحكومية للتنمية (إيغاد). وخلفت الحرب ما لا يقل عن عشرة آلاف قتيل ونزوح أكثر من أربعة ملايين إلى دول الجوار ، إضافة إلى تدمير البنية التحتية للبلاد وتدهور الأوضاع الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والإنسانية.تبحث هذه المقالة في واقع الصراع في دولة جنوب السودان وأسبابه الرئيسية والأطراف المباشرة وغير المباشرة المتورطة فيه سواء كانت داخلية أو إقليمية أو دولية. ويخلص أيضًا في رؤية مستقبلية إلى أنه وفقًا لعوامل تاريخية وقبلية ، ووفقًا للأجندات المتباينة لأطراف النزاع ، فإن تنفيذ اتفاق السلام الأخير لن يستمر طويلاً. وأخيراً توصلت الدراسة إلى بعض الحلول التي يمكن تنفيذها لإنهاء الصراع.

Mustafa Disli, Sahibzada Muhammad Hamza

كلية الدراسات الإسلامية-جامعة حمد بن خليفة · قطر

Religiosity and income have a multifaceted, complex relationship. Theories have different courses by which religion defines income, positively or negatively. However, religion and income can be influenced by many factors and vary between cultures and religious factions. This study aims to contribute to developing that understanding by focusing on Pakistan, a predominantly Muslim country. In this regard, we examine the impact of affiliation with orthodox Islamic institutions on an individual's income. Using data from the Pakistan Social and Living Standard Survey (PSLM), we find that individual income varies significantly positively based on religiosity. Similarly, minority and minority interaction with religiosity significantly positively impact lone income in the studied context.

صالح طريفي , عائدة محمد حجازي معاز, وسيم عبد الواحد

كلية الصيدلة-جامعة حلب · سوريا