Imene Guettal , Randa Ziane

كلية الاداب واللغات-جامعة محمد خيضر - بسكرة · الجزائر

This present work is in the field of English language learning as many studies have beenworking on, specially the different skills among which speaking and listening are the mainconcern of this current study. Since a lot of researches have neglected the listening skill andits relation with the other skills especially the speaking one, as it was not the matter of theircenter, but in reality the listening skill is placed in the front of all the language skills. That iswhy the aim behind this research work is to clarify and to spotlight on the importance oflistening comprehension and listening practice in developing EFL learners’ oral performance.It contributes in helping them to find remedies to their deficiencies in speaking such as lack ofvocabularies, mother tongue use, and pronunciation through making them used to their targetlanguage. This dissertation is divided into two parts; one is theoretical containing twochapters. The first one tackles the listening skill and aims at clarifying the importance of thelistening skill in both foreign language teaching and learning. The second talks about thespeaking skill as it aims at showing the necessity of the correctness of the speaking skill inmeasuring the mastery of the target language. The aim behind these two chapters is to clarifythe inter relationship and the independence of both skills on each other. The one is practicalcontaining one chapter in which we have emphasized the analysis of both teachers’ feedbackinterview and students’ feedback questionnaire. This part aims at checking teachers’ andstudents’ viewpoints concerning the topic under investigation. The case that we have workedwith is both second year teachers and students (LMD). Their opinions will be gathered andcollected through a questionnaire devoted for students and an interview devoted for teachers.Results showed that all of the interviewed teachers and the majority of the questioned studentsbelieved that listening to the target language is one of the most important sources that enableEFL learners to develop their oral production. So, the listening skill has a great positiveinfluence on enhancing the speaking skill. From what is stated above, the hypothesis that wehave put was confirmed.

Aouissi Mohamed Lamine, غريب عبدالعزيز

كلية العلوم الدقيقة وعلوم الطبيعة والحياة-جامعة محمد خيضر - بسكرة · الجزائر

Ce travail de recherche s’intéresse à l’étude de l’effet de voie de synthèse sur les propriétés Physico-chimiques, les oxydes de cérium simples et dopés par les métaux de terres rares (yttrium, lanthane) ont été synthétisés par trois voies de synthèse (méthode hydrothermale, procédé sol-gel, voie Co-précipitation), la DRX sur poudre montre que tous les oxydes cristallisent dans un système cubique à face centrée de type fluorite (fluorine), et la limite de la solubilité de Y3+ dans la structure hôte de CeO2 dans le cas de la méthode hydrothermale est plus faible ( 20% mol), l’étude de comportement thermique (TG/ATD) indique que l’oxyde synthétisé par voie sol-gel est formé à 500°C et reste thermiquement stable jusqu’à 1000°C par rapport à ceux synthétisés par les méthodes hydrothermale et Co-précipitation qui sont réduits de Ce4+ à Ce3+ au dessous de 1000°C, l’analyse microstructurale (MEB) révèle que les oxydes issus de synthèse sol-gel ont une microstructure poreuse ce qui laisse leurs surface spécifique plus grande par rapport à celles de la méthode hydrothermale qui ont une microstructure dense, le test catalytique montre que Ce0.8La0.2O2 synthétisé par le procédé sol-gel est le plus actif avec une conversion de 6.5% de cyclohexane

قادة فاتح, محمودي رشيد, ملياني باية

كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية-جامعة الجيلالي بونعامة - خميس مليانة · الجزائر

Kevin F. Loughlin , Sharif Fakhruz Zaman , Sulaiman Al-Khattaf

كلية الهندسة-جامعة الملك فهد للبترول والمعادن · السعودية

Zero length column (ZLC) method is used to determine the intracrystalline diffusivity of aromatics in NaY and HZSM5 zeolite crystals and in NaY FCC catalyst pellets. The equilibrium region of investigation is nonlinear and the slope of the long time asymptotic solution of the nonlinear ZLC model is used to analyze the diffusivity data. Diffusivity of 1,3,5 tri-isopropyl benzene is greater than 1,3 di-isopropyl benzene. The desorption curve of 1,3,5 tri-isopropyl benzene contains a kink indicating that this molecule is possibly cracking into isomers of di-isopropyl benzene and propylene. The measured desorption diffusivity of 1,3,5 tri-isopropyl benzene reactant mixture is hypothesized to be the nonlinear co-diffusion of isomers of di-isopropyl benzene and propylene. In pellets diffusion of 1,3 di-isopropyl benzene and 1,3,5 tri-isopropyl benzene is micropore controlled. Diffusivity of 1,3 di-isopropyl benzene and 1,3,5 tri-isopropyl benzene in alumina particles is also examined. The alumina particle system has a long-normal distribution, equilibrium is nonlinear, and diffusion appears to be macropore controlled. Diffusivity of xylene isomers in HZSM-5 is also accomplished. The measured and reported literature diffusivity values are analyzed assuming a positive concentration dependence of diffusion. This results in a satisfactory explanation of much of the literature data when extrapolated to a zero loading basis.

أحمد مازن الطائي, صادق بكر حسين

كلية الهندسة-جامعة النهرين · العراق

المدني أبوالقاسم دخيل, محسن الرخيص

كلية العلوم-جامعة طرابلس · ليبيا

The currt work is pt of a geral study being undertak to investigate the effect of laser surface impregnation of some ne eutectic biny Al-Si alloys with ceramic pticles on the structure and some mechanical properties of these alloys. Two alloy compositions, Al-8%Si and Al-12%Si have be preped. Discs of these as cast alloys have be used as substrates for laser beam processing. Pulsed Ruby laser of power dsity ~ 3x105 W/cm2 has be used to impregnate SiC powder of three differt pticle sizes into the substrate surface. In one series SiC alone was mixed with a special glue and used to coat the substrate surface. In the second series SiC was blded with Ni powder before being mixed with the glue. The substrates were subjected to laser radiation of fixed power (88 W) but differt number of shots (1, 2, 4, and 8). The laser affected zones, (LAZ), have be metallographically studied on sections passing through the LAZ diameter perpdicul to the irradiated surface. Microhdness measuremts were performed across the LAZ and into their depth. Represtative specims of specific dimsions were subjected to laser shots forming sque pattern and used to study their we performance using the pin on disc technique. X-ray diffraction patterns of the laser treated specims have be also studied. The results revealed complete dissolution of Si into the aluminum matrix in both substrate alloys. The homogeity of the structure and mechanical properties has be improved with increasing the Si contt of the substrate alloy (towds the eutectic composition) and with the number of laser shots, but slightly deteriorated with Ni additions. The incorporation and petration of SiC pticles into the substrate surface increased with increasing the number of shots and with Ni additions. These same factors were found to favor the formation of new inter-metallic phases which may additionally hd the structure. Laser remelting has almost doubled the microhdness in the LAZ. The number of shots did not affect the average hdness of the LAZ, but Ni additions increased it by 11-15%.The relative we resistance of the laser treated substrates showed mked increase with the Si contt, the SiC pticle size and Ni additions. X-ray diffraction revealed noticeable decrease in the lattice pameter of the matrix Al solid solution indicating intsive super-saturation of the Al- matrix by Si.

عفة النهى , محمد عفيف الدين دمياطي

كلية الدراسات العليا-الجامعة الإسلامية الحكومية مولانا مالك إبراهيم مالانج · اندونيسيا

ABSTRAK Buku ajar yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran tata bahasa Arab di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Tambakberas Jombang Jawa Timur, kurang memperhatikan aspek penerapan dan latihan. Buku ajar tersebut berisi nudhum (syair-syair) Imrithi yang ditulis oleh guru di sekolah tersebut. Buku tersebut menyajikan tata bahasa secara langsung, contoh- contohnya sedikit dan tidak sesuai dengan bahasa yang sering digunakan, di dalam buku tersebut juga tidak terdapat latihan-latihan penerapan kaidah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara mengembangkan materi ajar tata bahasa Arab dengan menggunakan metode pengajaran tata bahasa melalui pemberian teks, mengetahui ciri khas materi ajar, dan mengetahui keefektifannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian R&D (Riset dan Pengembangan). Hasil pengembangan produk diajukan kepada beberapa ahli pembelajaran bahasa arab untuk memperoleh masukan, saran dan kritik guna perbaikan produk pembelajaran. Setelah selesai perbaikan produk, peneliti melakukan eksperimen dengan mengajukan materi yang telah dikembangkan kepada guru pengampu tata bahasa arab di madrasah tersebut untuk memperoleh penilaian dan tingkat penggunaannya pada siswa kelas XI Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Tambakberas Jombang Jawa Timur. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Tambakberas Jombang Jawa Jimur Tahun Pelajaran 2010/2011 yang berjumlah 497 orang dengan rincian 182 siswa dan 315 siswi. Sampel yang diambil adalah siswa kelas XI program IPA-5 yang berjumlah 42 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen, dan siswa kelas XI program IPA-4 yang berjumlah 42 siswa sebagai kelas control. Peneliti mengambil sampel secara purposif acak. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa interview, observasi, tes dan angket. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pengembangan materi ajar disusun melalui 6 langkah yaitu analisis kebutuhan, pengembangan memvalidasi merevisi, dan menguji coba. Sedangkan karakter bahan ajar ini bias dilihat dari beberapa aspek. Dari aspek tampilan buku, buku ajar tersebut memperoleh skor 87% (baik), dari aspek dasar-dasar penyusunan buku, buku ajar tersebut memperoleh skor 88% (baik), dari aspek isi buku, buku ajar tersebut memperoleh skor 83% (baik), dari aspek bahasa yang digunakan, buku ajar tersebut memperoleh skor 88% (baik), dari aspek metode pengajaran, buku ajar tersebut memperoleh skor 88% (baik), dari aspek latihan, buku ajar tersebut memperoleh skor 85% (baik), sedangkan mengenai keefektifan bahab ajar ini, bahwa bahan ajar yang dikembangkan ini efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan tta bahasa Arab siswa kelas XI Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Tambakberas Jombang Jawa Timur. Hal ini terbukti dari hasil perhitungan statistic menggunakan uji T-Test Independent dengan hasil 5,57 setelah dibandingkan dengan t-tabel skala 1% dan 5%. ABSTRACT The guiding book of Arabic grammar teaching which in used in madrasah aliyah Negeri Tambakberas Jombang Jawa Timur, a little part of using grammar and exercise. The guiding book is contain Imrithi Poem that had been written by teacher of grammar lesson of this school. The book more priority to the poem, a little part of example and less accordance with usage language. The purpose of this research are to know how to develope subject matter of Arabic Grammar Teaching Based on Grammar Teaching Method Trought Giving Text, to know fhe character of the subject matter, and to know the effective of its. The research design of this research is qualitative and quantitative approaches. And researcher used research and development (RnD) research method. After develop a study subject matter, the researcher consulted to whom was expert in Arabic teaching and asked the suggestion. Then, the researcher gave that study subject matter to Arabic grammar teacher in order to be valued and practiced in class to know how effective is that study subject matter. The population of this research were all student of class XI of Islamic high school of Tambakberas Jombang Jawa Timur, in academic year 2010/2011 which number are 497 student. The researcher took 42 as a sample from second degree in scientific 5 programme as experiment class. And 42 as a sample from second degree in scientific 4 programme as control class. The researcher divided those number purposively and randomly. The researcher collected the data using observation, interview, questioner and test. The result of the research are: the development study subject matter of Arabic Grammar Teaching Based on Teaching Grammar Method Trought Giving Text are analyzing, developing, validating, revising and trying out. The character of the subject matter are showed by a score. The aspect of printing shows a score 87% (good), the principle of developing subject matter shows a score 88% (good), the content of the subject matter shows a score 83% (good), the language of subject matter shows a score 88% (good), the teaching method shows a score 88% (good), and the exercise shows a score 85% (good). And the effective of the subject matter showed by increasing of Arabic grammar skill of Islamic high school of Tambakberas Jombang Jawa Timur student with T-Test Independent value is 5,57 after conculted with table value on scale 1 % and 5 %.

ميلود سقار, العالية عقباوي

كلية العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية والعلوم الإسلامية-جامعة أحمد دراية - أدرار · الجزائر

هديـل بنت محسن بن مساعد العلوي العوفي, هند بنت مصطفى بن محمد الطيب شريفي

كلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية-جامعة طيبة · السعودية

محمد بن عبدالحفيظ, مختار عروي

كلية العلوم الاجتماعية والإنسانية-جامعة زيان عاشور - الجلفة · الجزائر

هدفت الدراسة الحالية بشكل أساسي إلى فحص العلاقة بين العوامل الخمسة الكبرى للشخصية وإستراتيجيات مواجهة الضغوط لدى العاملين في مستشفى طب العيون بالجلفة، كما هدفت إلى التعرف على عوامل الشخصية التي يتسم بها هؤلاء الموظفين والاستراتيجيات الأكثر استخداما من طرفهم لمواجهة الضغوط النفسية، باتباع المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي على عينة تضم 30 موظفا، تم اختيارهم بشكل عشوائي، وقد تم تحليل بيانات الدراسة باستخدام برنامج الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS)، والتوصل إلى النتائج التالية:-وجود علاقة ارتباطية دالة وموجبة بين عامل العصابية واستراتيجيات "التجنب" و"الانفعال"، لأن الموظف الذي يتسم بالعصابية يميل إلى تضخيم الأمور؛ لذا عندما يواجه ضغطاً في مستشفى الجلفة (مثل ضغط المراجعين أو تعطل جهاز)، فإنه يستجيب عاطفياً (قلق، غضب، لوم الذات) بدلاً من البحث عن حل تقني.-توجد علاقة ارتباطية بين العصابية واستراتيجيات المواجهة، وهي عبارة عن ارتباط موجب ودال مع جميع استراتيجيات مواجهة الضغوط.- وجود ارتباط موجب ودال بين عاملي الانبساطية والانفتاح على الخبرة و استراتيجيات مواجهة الضغوط، لأن الانبساطية توفر للموظف "المساندة الاجتماعية" التي تعد استراتيجية مواجهة بحد ذاتها، بينما يوفر الانفتاح "المرونة المعرفية". الموظف المنفتح في مستشفى الجلفة يتقبل تحديات الأجهزة الجديدة والتقنيات الجراحية المتطورة بصدر رحب، مما يقلل من وقع الضغط عليه. -وجود علاقة موجبة قوية ودالة بين المقبولية ويقظة الضمير واستراتيجيات المواجهة.-سيادة بُعد يقظة الضمير ثم المقبولية بمستويات مرتفعة، بينما جاءت العصابية في أدنى مراتب العينة.-تفضيل الموظفين لـ استراتيجية حل المشكل في المقام الأول، تليها التجنب، بينما حل الانفعال أخيراً.