احمد خطاب, حسنين عامر, سامح عبد الفتاح عبد الغني ابراهيم

كلية العلوم والهندسة-الجامعة الأمريكية بالقاهرة · مصر

In space applications, the mission lifetime is considered one of the most crucial issues. Such missions rely mainly on rovers that move around to sense useful information to be later sent to the earth. The main source of energy in such applications is the solar energy at daytime and then batteries are the only source available at night operation. Due to the scarcity of energy on Mars, a careful design is needed at all levels of the mission to save the energy consumption. The rover communication system consumes a considerable amount of energy during the mission. The used routing protocol can have a huge effect on the energy consumed during the communication between the rovers. Thus, an efficient routing protocol that can effectively exploit the rover resources, and most importantly its energy, is needed. In this thesis, a resource aware routing protocol that will help in extending the lifetime of Mars exploration missions is proposed. The simulation results run on MATLAB have shown that the proposed space mission routing protocol increases the lifetime of the mission, the fairness between the rovers and the packet delivery ratio.In addition to the introduction of the space mission routing, further techniques were implemented to guarantee that the system lifetime is at its maximum. The optimal initial positions of the rovers were obtained resulting in an extended mission lifetime. Furthermore, the bottleneck orbit was identified, and countermeasures were taken to achieve the highest mission lifetime possible. The simulation results obtained showed that the additional two techniques resulted in a much higher lifetime of the mission.

انس السلامي, شروق المهدي

كلية حمدان بن محمد لطب الأسنان-جامعة محمد بن راشد للطب والعلوم الصحية · الامارات

Background:Behavior Management Techniques (BMTs), used by Pediatric Dentists (PDs) and some General Dental Practitioners (GDPs) for managing children’s dental care, are divided into two categories: “basic behavior techniques” and “advanced behavior techniques.” One method of the latter is Pediatric Protective Stabilization (PPS), which is the physical limitation of a patient’s movement by a person or restrictive equipment, materials, or devices for a finite period to provide an examination, diagnosis, and/or treatment safely. Examples of PPS are Hand-Over-Mouth Exercise (HOME), Papoose board (PB), clinical holding (CH), and Lap-toLap examination (LLE).Aim:To evaluate the acceptance of dentists and parents regarding the use of four types of PPS as a BMT during children’s dental treatment in the UAE.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional survey-based study sampling dentists (GDPs and PDs) (n=125) and parents (n=126) was obtained between the 1 st of March 2021 and 1 st of January 2022, using Microsoft Forms® to conduct two online surveys to examine the parental acceptance and dentist’s acceptance of one type of advanced BMT, which is protective stabilization. The dentists’ survey was circulated to online UAE dentists’ associations, societies, and clubs. In contrast, the parents’ survey was distributed on social media, among parents’ groups, and children attending dental institutions and facilities like Dubai Dental ii Hospital (DDH) and other UAE dental clinics. The questionnaires were divided into demographic questions (i.e., age, gender, nationality, etc.) and acceptance of various BMT methods. In addition, parents and dentists were asked to rate their acceptance level on each randomly displayed PPS type using a Likert rating scale. Both questionnaires demonstrated the four PPSs using photos and a worded explanation. All data analyses were performed using IBM-SPSS for Windows version 28.0. The Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test was used to investigate the association of categorical data. In addition, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of continuous variables and Mann Whitney test to compare the means between the two groups. Quantitative data were analyzed and expressed in mean ± SD, and the significance level was set at (P-value ≤ 0.05 level).Results:66.7% of the parents stated that their children had never received the PPS techniques in the study sample. In addition, 54% of the parents stated that they prefer their child to receive PPS over general anaesthesia. On the other hand, 53% of the dentists felt they need to use PPS. Furthermore, 67.2% of the dentists felt the need to obtain consent from the parents before resorting to PPS. In general, 54% of the parents were against the use of PPS with their children’s dental treatment if it was not an emergency, compared to 28.8% of the dentists (p < 0.001). Furthermore, 59.6% (31/125) of the dentists believe the benefits of protective stabilization outweigh its risk. PPS techniques were categorized as per their acceptance. CH technique was found to be accepted by only 18.3% of the parents, in comparison to 56% of dentists, making it their method of choice in the event of a non-pharmacological protective stabilization (p < 0.001). HOME technique found acceptance for only 9.5% of the parents, in comparison to 8.8% for the dentists (p ≤ 0.427). The LLE technique was the most accepted technique by the parents 44.4%, compared to 41.6% for the dentists (p ≤ 0.344). PB board was the least accepted PPS technique for the parents, 6.3%, compared to 4% for the dentists (p ≤ 0.344).Conclusion:PB was the least accepted PPS technique for both the parents and dentists. The LLE technique ranked as the most favorable BMT for the parents, followed by CH; Whereas for the dental practitioner, CH ranked as the most favorable, followed by the LLE technique. Almost half of the GDPs and PDs would obtain consent before carrying out PPS techniques, which is below the required international recommendations of 100%. Parents' and dentists’ demographic data did not play a role in the acceptance rate of PPS techniques.

بتول فاضل جواد المجمعي, عادل عبدالرحمن العزي

كلية التربية الاساسية-جامعة ديالي · العراق

بوركاب مصطفى, غريباون علي, لافي إبراهيم

كلية العلوم الاقتصادية والتجارية وعلوم التسيير-جامعة اكلى محند أولحاج - البويرة · الجزائر

Aiit Cherkite Salah, Bougdel Kamal, Faiza Sahnoun, Rekia Benferhat

معهد العمارة والعمران-جامعة سعد دحلب - البليدة · الجزائر

Ebata - Atipo Hugor, F. Bechiri, Mohamed Bentounsi

كلية العلوم التكنولوجية-جامعة عبد الحميد بن باديس مستغانم · الجزائر

L'objectif de ce projet d'électronique est de créer un robot détecteur d’obstacle qui se déplace dans l’environnement et évite les obstacles lorsqu'il en rencontre. Les “yeux” du robot sont un capteur à ultrasons (par exemple HC-SR04). Ce capteur est connecté à une carte Arduino. Lorsque le capteur envoie l'information à l'Arduino qu'il y a un obstacle devant lui, l'Arduino doit envoyer une instruction aux moteurs qui contrôlent les roues pour éviter l'obstacle. L'idée est d'utiliser une carte Arduino pour lire les données reçues par un capteur à ultrason. Lorsque le capteur détecte un obstacle devant lui, l'Arduino doit envoyer des instructions aux moteurs qui pilotent les roues du robot pour l'éviter. Le chassis du robot serait en partie constitué de (Arduino, capteur à ultrasons, moteurs,…) l’énergie du Robot sera fourni par les panneaux solaires 12v misent en parallèle en suite l’énergie qui sera transmise au régulateur de charge pour charger la batterie et de limiter sa charge. cette énergie reçu par la batterie sera transmise au driver moteur pour alimenter les moteurs et l’arduino

خير الدين دعيش, سعاد بن ناصر

كلية الآداب واللغات-جامعة محمد لمين دباغين سطيف2 · الجزائر

یقوم هذا البحث بتقصي مفهوم نقدي قدیم الاصطلاح جدید الاستعمال متنوع الأبعاد هو مفهوم "التمثیل السردي" وذلك في روایات الكاتب الجزائري "كمال قرور" ( روایة التراس ، ملحمة الفارس الذي اختفى..، وروایة سید الخراب) فكان هذا البحث الموسوم :"التمثیل السردي في روایات كمال قرور" مجالا سانحا للتطرق لأشكال التمثیل السردي المستخدمة في تلك الروایات، وذلك عن طریق تتبع خطة من ثلاثة فصول، الفصل الأول فیها نظري، هدفه الإلمام بالمفهوم وتفرعاته واستخداماته في الفن والخطاب النقدي، إضافة إلى استغلاله في الكتابة الروائیة الجزائریة، أما الفصلان الثاني والثالث فكانا تطبیقیین، وقد تتبع البحث التمثیل السردي في كلا الروایتین على اختلاف تجلیاته فیهما، مستعینا في ذلك بالمنهج البنیوي التكویني إضافة إلى بعض التطبیقات التي ساعدت في الوصول إلى نتیجة مرضیة وتجلیة اللبس الذي أحاط بمصطلح "التمثیل السردي"، إضافة إلى الغوص أكثر في أسرار الروایة الجزائریة المعاصرة والتجریبیة بشكل خاص، فكانت د ا رسة التمثیل السردي استكشافا للطریقة التي شكلت بها الروایات رؤیة العالم. ............................................................................................................................... This research investigates a critique concept, which is an old term but with a new use and varied dimensions, it is the concept of " The Narrative Representation " in the novels of the Algerian writer : "Kamal Krour" (the first novel is «Terrace, an epic of a disappeared knight ... » and the second novel « Ruining Master »).Thus, this research entitled: "The narrative representation in Kamal Krour’s novels " was a good field to address forms of the narrative representation used in those novels, through tracking the plan of three chapters, the first chapter was theoretical, its goal is to flank the concept, its embranchments, its uses in art and critical discourse, in addition to employing it in Algerian novel writing, while the second and the third chapters were practical, they have traced the narrative representation in the two novels with its different manifestations within them, using the method of genetic structuralism as well as some applications that have helped to access a goodresult, and to clarify confusion surrounding the term " narrative representation ", in addition to diving more in Secrets of the contemporary Algerian novel and the experimental one, in particular. Hence, the study of the narrative representation was an exploration of the way by which novels formed the vision of the world.

Mustafa Disli, Shakir Jalaly

كلية الدراسات الإسلامية-جامعة حمد بن خليفة · قطر

Afghanistan has endured nearly four decades of turmoil, marked by the Soviet invasion, protracted civil conflict, and the subsequent U.S. intervention. Consequently, the nation's infrastructure lay in ruins, requiring extensive rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts including establishing a robust banking and financial system that could respond to the needs of time. International institutions, including the International Monetary Fund (IMF), played a pivotal role in redesigning banking regulations and restructuring the country's central bank. Concurrently, the private sector gained the opportunity to obtain banking licenses, and microfinance institutions embarked on their inaugural operations. However, the journey of establishing a modern banking system in the last twenty years has been marred by controversies and failure. The first private bank of Afghanistan, the Kabul Bank, collapsed undermining the trust in banking system overall and exposing capacity of the Da Afghanistan Bank to regulate the banking sector. Fact of the matter is that banking in Afghanistan is still in its infancy and banks are offering very limited services in comparison to the services offered in the neighbouring countries. Online banking in Afghanistan is the title given to the mobile SMS that customers receive upon credit or debit of an amount. The dissertation's endeavour is a pioneering effort, as the Afghanistan banking and financial market remain largely unexplored. This research aims to enrich understanding of Afghanistan's financial sector, shedding light on its challenges, opportunities, and the evolving dynamics that are shaping its trajectory. In an era marked by transformation and adaptation, this dissertation contributes to the global discourse on financial institutions operating in complex and transitioning environments. To understand the issue and propose policy recommendations, this dissertation adopts quantitative methods, surveys and focus group discussions (FGD) to find out the challenges in launch and growth of modern banking services in Afghanistan. It focuses on unveiling the multifaceted performance of banking and microfinance institutions in Afghanistan, with a focus on gender dynamics, the dichotomy between Islamic and conventional banking practices, green human resource management within the banking sector, and the challenges presented by the government's transition to Islamic banking. The dissertation commences with an exploration of Afghanistan's financial market and historical evolution of the banking industry. It charts a historical trajectory that contextualizes the contemporary challenges and opportunities faced by the sector. Of particular significance are the challenges posed by the government's conversion strategy to Islamic banking, which encompasses legal framework, service gaps, adherence to Islamic principles, regulatory limits, limited financial products, jurisprudential diversity and, prima facie, lack of expertise of the Regulator to manage two distinct banking systems simultaneously. These challenges are central to understanding the complex landscape in which Afghanistan's financial institutions operate. Within this framework, and appreciating the role of human resources in promoting banking services and increasing public trust in the sector, the dissertation delves into the emerging field of green human resource management (GHRM) practices within the banking sector. It reveals that green commitment serves as a critical mediating factor between GHRM practices and employees' engagement in both in-role and extra-role green service behavior. This study underscores the pivotal role of green commitment as a mechanism through which GHRM practices influence employee commitment, sending a clear signal to the banking industry to incorporate green human resource practices as part of their strategic vision. Moreover, this dissertation examines the performance of gender within the banking and microfinance institutions of Afghanistan. It uncovers that the default rate among female borrowers surpasses that of their male counterparts, yet a noteworthy mitigation emerges when female officers are involved in the screening process. Additionally, the default rate is found to be lower in conflict zones compared to areas under control of the central government, revealing intriguing dynamics within the financial landscape. Further analysis differentiates between the performance of Islamic and conventional loans in both conflict and non-conflict zones. Notably, the study discerns that the default rate on conventional loans is lower in regions under Taliban influence, offering valuable insights into the nuances of banking practices in varying geopolitical contexts

Assia Bensaada, Khaled Allem, Majda Arab

كلية العلوم الدقيقة-جامعة عبد الرحمان ميرة - بجاية · الجزائر

Rachda Djellatou, Djamel Bennouar

جامعة سعد دحلب البليدة · الجزائر

Il s’agit ici d’entamer une recherche dans le monde de la correction automatique des réponses aux questions dans le contexte d’un examen en ligne. Cette recherche touche le domaine du traitement du langage naturel, mais ne prend pas le langage naturel dans toutes ses dimensions, mais il considéré de manière très sérieuse le contexte, ou domaine, dans lequel le langage naturel est utilisé. Ainsi, le processus de réponse à une question de géographie ou une question de programmation en Java devra considérer fortement le vocabulaire et la construction de phrases dans ces deux domaines.