الامين ابراهيم عبدالقادر ادم, السر علي سعيد

كلية الدراسات العليا والبحث العلمي-جامعة الرباط الوطني · السودان

This study was conducted in Khartoum state, Sudan, in the ultrasound departments of Khartoum north teaching hospital. The problem of the study was the difficulty to argent and accurate diagnosis of causes an acute scrotum. The importance of the study is to facilitate early and quick diagnosis of the acute scrotum to prompt quick intervention to save the testis. The aim of the study was to characterize the acute scrotum by ultrasound .This is a cross sectional descriptive study carried out during the period from may 2015 to July 2016. The clinical data were collected from 70 patients with acute scrotum, and ultrasound exam was done. The data classified and analyzed by using SPSS and Excel programs. The analysis of the results showed that epididymo-orchitis and epididymitis were the most common causes of acute scrotum (17.14%) and (12.86%) respectively. Testicular torsion represent (2.86%), Varicocele (8.57%), Idiopathic hydrocele (12.86%), undescended testicle (5.71%) of the patients, scrotal abscess in (2.86%), testicular cyst (7.14%) ,testicular mass(2.86%), and inguinal hernia were (8.57%). Epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis are most common in group age of 30 to 40 years old. Heterogeneity and hyperemia are keys for diagnosis of epididymits.Gray scale images are nonspecific for detecting testicular torsion; absence of flow was the key for diagnosis. Hydrocele is common to be present in most cases of an acute scrotum, so it considered non specific. The study recommended that real time color Doppler imaging should be the first line modality for quick diagnosis of acute scrotum. US request should include brief clinical background and patient history. Public health education and further studies are recommended on specific parts of this study, for more specific details.

Mebarka Dif, Nardjas Zaghib

كلية الأداب واللغات-جامعة العربي بن مهيدي - أم البواقي · الجزائر

La femme algérienne a vraiment connu de grands problèmes dans les différentes étapes de sa vie. Elle n'a pas eu la même égalité avec l'homme qui est considéré comme le roi et toute la société. Elle reste toujours en état de dévalorisation et de dégradation dans la société à cause des traditions. Et cette image reste incarnée dans l'histoire et la mémoire de l'Algérie. Dans la mesure où la femme est un élément nécessaire dans la construction de la famille et la société. Et, ce qui a poussé tant d'écrivains de la mettre en lumière. Et à travers cet angle se base notre étude qui traite ce sujet : Le statut social de la femme algérienne dans un été africain de Mohammed Dib. Cette étude est consacrée pour mettre en lumière les différents statuts de la femme algérienne à travers le roman dibien Un été africain. Elle occupe le statut d'une travailleuse, l'instruite, la militante, la gardienne des traditions ...Alors, elle veut s'émanciper pour changer son statut social.

ربيحة نش, عائشة والي, عاشور قويدر

كلية العلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر

يعتبر مسلمي بورما من أكثر الأقليات المضطهدة في العالم، فقد بدأت معاناتهم منذ الإحتلال البورمي لأراكان عام 1784م، واستمرت الإضطرابات بعد مجيء البريطانيين، ثم اليابانيين، وإلى غاية إستقلال بورما في 1948م، حيث تواصل إحتلال البوذيون لأراكان بدون رغبة سكانها وقامو بسياستهم الإجرامية ضدها ولا تزال هذه الازمة متواصلة إلى يومنا هذا

عبد الحفيظ خطاب, لينا جعفر أحمد النوراني الزبير

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة الخرطوم · السودان

Diabetes mellitus is one of the main threats to human health in the twenty first centuryin Sudan and worldwide. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus will be complicated bydyslipidemia which leads to serious cardiovascular events increasing diabetesmorbidity and mortality. Coronary heart disease is the number one cause of deathamong diabetics. Despite all these facts, no study assessing coronaryheart disease riskin diabetics has been conducted in Sudan up to date.Design:Prospective hospital based cross-sectional study.Setting:Diabetes outpatient clinic in Soba University Hospital during the period from July toDecember 2009.Objectives:This study is conducted to determine the lipid profile patterns in adult diabeticpatients in Soba University Hospital and to calculate the estimated coronary heartdisease risk using Framingham scoring system.Methods:This study included 80 adult diabetic patients.Diabetic patients with other causes ofdyslipidemia were excluded from the study. Eligible patients were consented, datawere collected by detailed questionnaire and two blood samples were collected fromeach patient. The fasting lipid profile (triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesteroland HDL-cholesterol), fasting blood glucose and the 2 hours postprandial bloodglucose were measured by the auto-analyzer COBAS INTEGRA 400 plus (ROCHE).Then, for each patient we used some of the lipid profile parameters (total cholesterol,LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol) together with other Coronary heart diseaserisk predictors like age, smoking, blood pressure values to calculate the Coronaryheart disease risk in the following 10 years using the Framingham scoring system.The data were analyzed using the MATLAB and the SPSS programs.Results:It was found that 53% of the studiedcases had diabetes mellitus chroniccomplications. Evidence of ischemic cardiac disease was found in 21% of the cases,mainly in type 2 patients. Hypertension was found in 29% of the cases. The studiedcases showed increased body mass index, the mean was 27 kg/m2which representsoverweight (SD 3.99). Obesity and overweight were found in 70% of the cases mostlyoccurring in type 2 patients. The short-termglycemic control was poor in 65% of thecases. All these markedly contributed to the poorer diabetes mellitus control, thedyslipidemia and the higher coronary heart disease risk. The lipid profile testing wasrequested only in 27.5% of the cases, reflecting the decreased awareness about theimportance of dyslipidemia indiabetics among the medical staff who used to takecare of them. The lipid profileof the studied cases was interpreted according to theNational Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines. It showed .hypertriglyceridemia in 36%, hypercholesterolemia in 31%, decreased HDL-cholesterol tolevels conferring increased coronary heart disease risk in 95% and increased LDLcholesterol in 77% of the studied cases. Both type 1 and 2 diabetics had mean lipidprofile values showing borderline high LDL,moderate risk HDL, normal triglyceride.The mean total cholesterol was borderline high in type 1 and desirable in type 2patients. The lipid profile of type 1 patients isworse than that of type 2 in respect tothe degree & the number of patients having the dyslipidemia. It further worsenedsignificantly with prolonged disease duration,(P < 0.05 ). The mean estimatedcoronary heart disease risk in the next 10 years was 14%, which was calculated usingthe Framingham scoring system. This is high in comparison with low risk individuals(person the same age, optimal blood pressure, LDL-C 100-129mg/dl or cholesterol160-199 mg/dl, HDL-C 45 mg/dl for men or 55 mg/dl for women, non-smoker, nodiabetes) in whom the risk was 6%.Conclusion:According to our knowledge, it is the first time such a study is done in Sudanestimating the coronary heart disease risk in diabetics using the Framingham scoringsystem. The studied cases showed dyslipidemia in the form of: decreased HDLcholesterol, increased LDL-cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia (in decreasing order of frequency).The lipid profile in type 1 patients was worsethan type 2. The estimated coronary heart disease risk in the next 10 years was foundto be remarkably high in the studied cases. These alarming findings should drawattention of health policy makers to increase the awareness about the importance oflipid profile testing in diabetics, implement coronary heart disease risk calculation andadopt a more efficient multidisciplinary team approach in diabetes management.

سمير بن عياش, رابح لعروسي

كلية العلوم السياسية والعلاقات الدولية-جامعة الجزائر 3 - إبراهيم سلطان شيبوط · الجزائر

لسياسات العامة والسياسات البيئية في الجزائر،و تحديات البعد المؤسسي للسياسات البيئية والتنمية المستدامة في الجزائر، تحديات البعد الاقتصادي والتنمية المستدامة في الجزائر، وتحديات البعد الاجتماعي لمتنمية المستدامة.

شهرازاد بن عبد الرحمان , قاسمي كمال

كلية العلوم الاقتصادية والتجارية وعلوم التسيير-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر

الهدف الأساسي من هذا البحث هو دراسة متطلبات و معوقات الايزو 26000 ومدى تطبيق المسؤولية الاجتماعية في المؤسسات الصناعية الجزائرية، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف قمنا بمناقشة الأطر النظرية للبحث والتي احتوت المقاربات: التقييس و المسؤولية الاجتماعية، القطاع الصناعي خلال الفصلين الأول والثاني، وبعد ذلك حاولنا بحث إمكانية تحقيق هذه الإشكالية في الميدان من خلال اختيار عينة تشكلت من 55 عامل في مؤسسة صناعية ببريكة ولاية باتنة.ولقد اعتمدنا لتحقيق هذا الغرض الاستبيان كأداة أساسية. وللتمكن من الحصول على نتائج ذات دلالة اعتمدنا الأسلوب الإحصائي، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن المؤسسة تهتم بالمسؤولية الاجتماعية لا كن بمستويات ضعيفة.

كريمة بلعرشاوي, كمال بيرم

كلية العلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى محاولة إبراز دور التيار الشيوعي في الجزائر وذلك من خلال معرفة البدايات لظهور هذا التيار في الجزائر وكيف كانت علاقتها بالإدارة الفرنسية ، حي نجد أنه ظهر كفرع من فروع الحزب الشيوعي الفرنسي ولكنه بدأ يتطور إلى أن استقل وأصبح حزبا جزائريا سمي بالحزب الشيوعي الجزائري ن ومنذ ذلك أصبح جزء من الحركة الوطنية لعب فيه دور اتجاه المسألة الوطنية .

سارة البطرس, مها زحلوق

كلية التربية-جامعة دمشق · سوريا

خاخة التالية , سعيود إبراهيم

كلية العلوم الاجتماعية والإنسانية-جامعة غرداية · الجزائر

سليمان الخطاف, عبدالرحمن عز الدين حسن حسين

كلية الهندسة-جامعة الملك فهد للبترول والمعادن · السعودية

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process is a source of considerable amounts of global propylene as well as gasoline. Its product distribution is increasingly shifting to maximize propylene yield in order to meet high demand from petrochemicals users.In this study, catalytic cracking of hydrotreated vacuum gas oil (VGO) was carried out in a microactivity test (MAT) unit. Commercial FCC USY catalyst (E-Cat) was used and modified by various zeolites with different pore structures and different Si/Al molar ratio. These zeolites included SSZ-74, SSZ-33, MCM-22, MCM-36, ZSM-5, TNU-9, IM-5, and ferrierite. At constant conversion and comparable Si/Al molar ratio, the highest propylene yield of ~11 wt.% was achieved over ferrierite and MCM-36 compared with 7 wt.% over E-Cat. An increase in light olefins yield over all additives was associated with a decrease in gasoline yield due to the cracking of gasoline-range reactive species. It was found that additives with lower ability to carry bimolecular reactions were more selective to light olefins. With increasing Si/Al molar ratio, both propylene and light olefins yields passed through maxima. Results of kinetic study showed that the additives helped to decrease activation energy for the cracking reaction of gasoline to gases.