حسين غازي, رنا قاسم نعيم الدليمي, عبد الباقر

كلية العلوم-جامعة النهرين · العراق

Sixteen isolates of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from dairy products collected from Baghdad markets. The isolates were identified into 4 genera; Lactobacillus (6 isolates), Lactococcus (2 isolates), Pediococcus (4 isolates) and Leuconstec (4 isolates). Later, further identification of lactobacillus showed the isolates belonged to Lb. plantarum (Lb.1 and Lb.3), Lb. bulgaricus (Lb.4), Lb. acidophilus (Lb.2), Lb. brevis (Lb.5) and Lb. fermentum (Lb.6).Fifty bacterial isolates were obtained from comedones and pustules of twenty patients that suffering from sever acne vulgaris. These isolates were identified as, three species of bacteria isolated from comedone ( Propionibacterium acne , Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus ), and five species isolated from pustules ( Staphylococcus epidermidis , Propionibacterium acne , Proteus mirabilis , Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli ).Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for Lb. plantarum (Lb.1 and Lb.3) isolates. Results showed that both isolates were resistant to streptomycin, penicillin G and trimethprim, but sensitive to amoxicillin, chloromphenicol, cloxacillin, rifampin and ampiclox. Regarding the bacterial isolates causing acne vulgaris, they were sensitive to doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, neomycin, clindamycin and rifampin, but resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ampiclox, methoprim, tetracycline and cefalexine.The inhibition activity of Lb. plantarum (Lb.3) against acne vulgaris isolates was tested on solid and in liquid media. It was found that Lb.3 isolates when grown on solid media had better inhibitory activity against all pathogenic isolates, but the incubation period 36 hr. was chosen as the preferred period in this approach while the result of Lb.3 isolate when grown in liquid media showed that Lb.3 isolate had inhibition activity against gram positive bacteria tested at 36, 48 and 72 hr. but gram negative bacteria was not effected. When the filtrate was concentrated to 3 times fold, it became had showed markedly inhibition activity against all bacterial isolates of sever acne vulgaris.When bacteriocin of Lb.3 isolate was extracted and purified to test it's inhibition activity against the sever acne vulgaris isolates, result showed that it had inhibitory effect on Gram's positive and gram negative bacteria. However, the activity greater on gram positive than on gram negative bacteria.Protein quantity of concentrated filtrate and the bacteriocin was determined. Results showed that it was equal to 4 mg / ml in filtrate and 5 mg / ml in the partially purified bacteriocin.Minimum inhibitory concentration of concentrated filtrate was estimated and showed that 80 % was the preferred value that inhibited all type of bacterial causes of sever acne vulgaris ( Staphylococcus epidermidis , Propionibacterium acne , Proteus mirabilis , Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli ) and used in treating the patients.The result of treatment showed that after 2 weeks of treatment with filtrate, acne completely or almost completely healing in most patient (up to 95 %), with the presence of simple skin dryness as the only reported side effect during the period of treatment.

Célia Asma, Chahinez Hallalel, Tassadit Mazari, Yasmina Idrissou

كلية العلوم-جامعة مولود معمري - تيزي وزو · الجزائر

Les réactions à composants multiples (RMC) constituent un excellent outil de synthèse "verte", d'où le choix de la réaction de Biginelli pour élaborer ce travail. Dans la recherche de matériaux catalytiques permettant un accès écologique et durable aux 3,4-dihydropyrimidin- 2(1H)-ones, une alternative environnementale a été envisagée en utilisant des hétéropolyanions de type Keggin qui sont des composés particulièrement attractifs en catalyse mais très peu voir quasiment non réutilisables. Afin de contourner cette lacune et dans un souci d'améliorer les rendements de la réaction de Biginelli, l'élaboration de nouveaux catalyseurs a fait l'objet de cette étude. L'association des hétéropolyacides de Keggin à l'hydrogelpolyacrylamide a été réalisé en transmettant ainsi les avantages de la catalyse homogène à la catalyse hétérogène et vice versa.

آمال زيطة, لحرش عبدالرحيم

كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية-جامعة غرداية · الجزائر

Behairi Rabah , Djidi Tinhinane , شيخ عامر

كلية التكنولوجيا-جامعة عبد الرحمان ميرة - بجاية · الجزائر

Le secteur du bâtiment contribue à hauteur de 30% aux émissions de gaz à effetde serre (GES), et de 40% des consommations d'énergie, principalement àtravers sa consommation de chauffage. Ainsi, isoler correctement lesconstructions contribuera à améliorer le confort thermique, diminuer lesfactures énergétiques et diminuer l'émission des GES.Dans le cadre du développement durable, les nouvelles réglementations en matièred'isolation thermique dans le secteur du bâtiment, conduisent les chercheurs à larecherche de nouveaux matériaux pour constituer des systèmes économes en énergietout en assurant le confort de l'habitat. Cette recherche s'est très vite dirigée versl'utilisation de matériaux à base végétale. Les matériaux biosourcés font l'objet depuisplusieurs années, d'études visant à comprendre et à caractériser leur comportementhygrothermique. Ces études montrent que ces matériaux présentent des performancesspécifiques par rapport aux phénomènes hygrothermiques. Ces performancesparticulières jouent un rôle important dans le confort intérieur d'un bâtiment. De ce fait,l'intégration de ce type de matériaux dans la construction algérienne est primordiale etbénéfique du point de vue développement durable.Ce travail consiste à trouver une alternative de construction par l'intégration dematériaux nouveaux et surtout avec une empreinte écologique pour l'amélioration de laperformance hygrothermique de l'enveloppe du bâtiment.L'étude a porté sur la simulation avec le logiciel TRNSYS 16 du comportementhygrothermique d'une construction en matériaux biosourcés sous un climat aride. Lesmatériaux choisis sont le béton de chanvre et le béton de palmier dattier.Les résultats ont révélé que ces matériaux présentent d'excellentes qualités derégulation de température et d'humidité, comparées à celles obtenues avec laconstruction classique en double-brique.

Mezhoud Abderrazak, فتيحة سلطاني

كلية علوم الطبيعة والحياة-جامعة عبد الحميد بن باديس مستغانم · الجزائر

Reproduction is an essential function in suckling and dairy farms since their profitability depends on it. It is the first function affected in case of dietary error. This is why deficiencies or excesses in trace elements and vitamins are more easily apparent and identifiable. Among the diseases that appear when there are deficiencies in minerals and vitamins are: placental retention, infertility, early embryonic death.

رنا باجس ابو سندس, حسام التميمي

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة الخليل · فلسطين

لقد جاءت الدراسات متلاحقة حول علم الأسلوب، ويعود ذلك إلى ما امتازت به الأسلوبيّة من قدرة على الكشف عن السمات الّتي يتميّز بها الكلام الفنّيّ مقترنًا بأدبيّة الأدب، فشعريّة الأدب تسعى إلى خلق وظيفة جماليّة تميّزت بها عن باقي مستويات الخطاب الأخرى. وقد أتت هذه الدراسة المعنونة بـِ "البِنيةُ النصيّةُ في شعر بدر شاكر السيّاب، ديوان المعبد الغريق أنموذجًا"؛ لتعرض جماليّات الأدب الّتي أفضى إليها التحليل الأسلوبيّ لشعر بدر شاكر السيّاب، الّذي يعدّ من شعراء الحداثة البارزين، حيث أظهرت الدراسة بعض ملامح الحداثة في شعره، فجَعَلَ من قصيدته عالَمَه الّذي بثّ فيه مشاعره وتطلّعاته للواقع والحياة والموت، فالدراسة تعلّقت برصد جوانب الشعريّة في شعره، والمتمثّلة بأنساق أسلوبيّة بارزة تمحورت في ثلاث ظواهر أسلوبيّة هي: المفارقة والانزياح والتناص، وكانت هذه السمات الأسلوبيّة عونًا له في تشكيل نسيجه الشعريّ القَيِّم. وقُسّمت هذه الدراسة إلى ثلاثة فصول، وأمّا الفصل الأوّل فتناول المفارقة في شعر السيّاب (المعبد الغريق)، واشتمل على خداع الذّات (المفارقة الذاتيّة)، والدراما الساخرة، والفصل الثاني بعنوان: الانزياح في شعر السيّاب (المعبد الغريق)، واشتمل على الانزياح التركيبيّ، والانزياح الاستدلاليّ، ثمّ الفصل الثالث حيث تناول التناصّ في شعر السيّاب (المعبد الغريق)، فاشتمل على التناصّ الدينيّ والتناصّ الأدبيّ، ثمّ ذُيِّلت الدراسة بخاتمة. وقد استنطقت هذه الدراسة شعر السيّاب، وتناولت قصائده بقراءة تفكيكيّة تحليليّة نفسيّة؛ لتُعيد بناءه في ثوب جماليّ جديدٍ مليءٍ بالتجارب الشعوريّة السيّابيّة، فقدرة السيّاب العظيمة في تطويع اللّغة مكّنته من بناء نصٍّ شعريٍّ متكاملٍ، جعلته يصل بشعرهِ إلى أعلى مستويات اللّغة في الرّقيّ .

Hadj Bouri , Samira Addad

كلية الأداب واللغات-جامعة العربي بن مهيدي - أم البواقي · الجزائر

Many secondary school students are learning academic language but have little opportunities to experience social language. Thus, their social interactions are always impeded. Accordingly,english language learners may need to be taught how to communicate appropriately in specific social situations, and they need to understand nonverbal language to enhance their social competence. Consequently, this study gives more consideration to the social language skills and their place in the Algerian EFL classrooms. The place of the social skills in the secondary school textbook is also examined. Basically, a questionnaire has been directed to teachers to seek out whether those social elements were adequately included in the textbook. The questionnaire was analyzed using the SPSS program on the basis of Alpha Cronbach Coefficient; thereby the validity of the questionnaire is proved.The results obtained showed that the social skills are neglected, and revealed that some teachers are not aware about those skills. As for learners, teachers' claims indicate that they have the ability to practice some of those skills.To give consistency to those claims, a set of social tasks have been applied inside the EFL classroom. The tasks have been examined through a classroom observation. This latter reveals the fact that secondary school students need more practice to enhance their social skills.

أحمد السيد علي رمضان, مصلح بن سلطان بن مصلح الراجحي البقمي

كلية الدعوة وأصول الدين-جامعة أم القرى · السعودية

بناز حمه صالح قادر , دياري هيوا عثمان

كلية الطب البيطري-جامعة السليمانية · العراق

Logine Ahmed , Noura Wahby

كلية الشئون الدولية والسياسات العامة-الجامعة الأمريكية بالقاهرة · مصر

This study deals with Egypt’s growing challenge of water scarcity in relation to agriculture through understanding farmers’ perceptions and adaptation measures to water scarcity as they are the forefront users of water. Through qualitative research approach, fieldwork interviews with rice farmers in Kafr El Sheikh governorate in Egypt and in-depth interviews with water management experts were conducted to identify farmers’ perceived causes of water scarcity and their adaptation behaviors and practices in relation to the broader policy context of water management. The study revealed that farmers’ perceived causes of water scarcity are related to inefficiency and inequity of the institutional and infrastructural governance of the irrigation system, which are exacerbated by the farmers’ socio-economic conditions (location, income, and social networks/influence). Farmers’ adaptation practices include reusing treated and untreated agricultural drainage water, shifting crops and changing crop varieties. Use of untreated drainage water poses an alarming national health hazard, which is important to address to ensure agricultural drainage water meets quality and safety standards. Findings also reveal the differentiated experience of adaptation capacities among farmers where socio-economic conditions could entail limited adaptation capacities. Farmers’ adaptation measures are thus considered temporary or short-term measures which imply that farmers’ coping strategies to water shortage are not systemic, but rather individualized and localized and do not manifest long-term, just, and sustainable change in a water-scarcity situation. The findings of this study also point out several policy limitations to supporting farmers adaptation to water scarcity and to the overall agricultural water management in Egypt. Lack of farmers’ participation, tokensim dynamic, and limited support channels are major features of the agricultural water management system, which hinder real and sustainable progress in irrigation efficiency and water management. Additionally, a policy dialogue disconnect between the government and other stakeholders is a clear feature in the broader policy context of Egypt’s water management. This is especially critical as alignment in the direction and efforts are detrimental to the efficiency and sustainability of water-related interventions both on a national and local level. Several policy recommendations are put forward to address farmers’ adaptation capacities, improvement in the irrigation system management and operations as well as sectoral development and the overall water policy direction in Egypt.