رسائل ماجيستير
English
2018
Response of Broiler Chicken to Different Levels of Boiled and Roasted Bambara Seeds (Vigna subterranean verdc) as Replacer for Super-Concentrate
Baha Aldeen Mokhtar Hassan Mohamed, Mohamed Elamin Ahmed Mohamed
كلية التقانة الزراعية وعلوم الأسماك-جامعة النيلين · السودان
Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of different replacing levels of boiled and roasted bambara (Vigna Subterranean verdc) for Super-Concentrate on broiler growth performance, carcass characteristics and economic appraisal. In each experiment, two hundred one-day-old unsexed Ross 308 chicks with initial live body weight (42.5 g ± 1.1) were used in a completely randomized. Boiled and roasted Bambara seeds replaced Super-Concentrate at (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). Chicks were randomly divided into five dietary treatments; each of them was further divided into 4 replicates of 10 birds each. The chicks were reared for six weeks of age in 20 pens (1x1 m) with wood shavings litter. The experiments were conducted in an open- sided poultry house. Five isocaloric and isonitrogenous starter and finisher diets were formulated according to National Research Council (NRC, 1994). Feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were determined weekly on a pen basis. Chemical composition of Bambara seeds indicated positive nutritional components as it includes relatively high protein (16%). Overall feed intake for birds fed 25% level of replacement of boiled Bambara seeds was not significantly (P≥0.05) different versus control. Then, overall feed intake was significantly decreased with the increased level of replacement above 25%. Overall body weight gain was significantly (P≤0.05) reduced as the level of replacement increased, however birds at 25 and 50% showed no (P≥0.05) significant differences. Birds fed control, 25 and 50% level of replacement obtained significantly (P≤0.05) the best overall FCR and PER, while those on 100% showed significantly (P≤0.05) the poorest values. Overall feed intake for birds on 50% level of replacement of roasted Bambara seeds was not significantly (P≤0.05) different when compared to control. Moreover birds at 100% expressed significantly (P≤0.05) the lowest overall feed intake. Overall body weight gain was significantly (P≤0.05) decreased with the increased level of roasted bambara seeds. Overall FCR and PER were significantly (P≤0.05) worsened with the increased level of roasted bambara seeds above 25%. Carcass traits were linearly decreased with the increasing levels of boiled and roasted bambara seeds. Moisture content of meat was significantly (P≤0.05) increased as level of replacement of boiled and roasted bambara seeds increased. While ash was significantly (P≤0.05) decreased with the increased level of replacement.Total cost of consumed feed decreased as the inclusion of boiled bambara increased. Economic efficiency index (EEI) of birds fed 25, 50, 75 and 100% level of replacement of boiled bambara seeds was decreased by 8, 11.3, 33.7 and 48.6% respectively versus control. Cost index (CI) of birds maintained at 25, 50, 75 and 100% level of replacement was increased by 8.9, 12.8, 50.7 and 94.6%, respectively versus control. Economic efficiency index EEI of birds fed 25, 50, 75 and 100% level of replacement of roasted bambara seeds was decreased by 6.0, 15.4, 26.2 and 49.3%, respectively versus control. Cost index CI of birds maintained at 25, 50, 75 and 100% level of replacement was increased by 5.9, 18.1, 35.6 and 97.1%, respectively versus control. The results of this study suggest that 25% of super-concentrate could be replaced by boiled and roasted bambara seeds without delirious effects on performance