احمد صدقة, سهيلة ابو غوش

كلية الدراسات العليا-الجامعة العربية الأمريكية · فلسطين

Fuel plays a key role in many aspects of life, but particularly in a country’s national security. Energy insecurity leads to economic and political instability, and can cause wars to break out, or workers to strike.In this study, the researcher is investigating the strategies used to maintain fuel security in Palestine. The aim is to define the challenges facing Palestine’s fuel security, while exploring geopolitical variables and their impacts. Moreover, the researcher aims to identify the quantities of fuel needed to achieve energy security in Palestine, as well as investigate the territory’s fuel storage policies and the potential to build fuel security infrastructure. Furthermore, this study attempts to determine the differences between private and government institutions working to achieve fuel security and to evaluate the effectiveness of the fuel security strategy in Palestine. After understanding the main obstacles curbing the development of the fuel security strategy in Palestine, the researcher will engage with interested parties working to develop achieve future fuel security.A combination of descriptive and comparative approach has been used because the study requires the collection of clear and appropriate data on strategies to maintain fuel security in Palestine and compare the Palestinian circumstances with the circumstances of other countries in achieving fuel security in the short term. The time limits of the study were 1994-2019, and the temporal boundaries of the study were Palestine, including the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.A nanostructured interview was used as a data collection tool from the interviewees where the researcher could obtain all the data needed to collect it.VIIThe study consists of five chapters consisting of an introduction to the study, study literature, the concept of fuel security, strategies for fuel security in Palestine, findings and recommendations.The added value of this study stems from it being one of the few scientific studies, within the researcher's knowledge, which looks at the subject of fuel reserves in Palestine. It will add to the Palestinian library in particular and the Arabic library in general by generating new scientific material on the importance of the fuel shortage crisis. The main results of this study are a proposed fuel security strategy with proposed objectives to achieve fuel security in case of crisis in the State of Palestine. The researcher reached six main results, including the absence of a strategy to check fuel security in Palestine and the private sector, especially Al-Huda Company, bears the burden of providing fuel to the Palestinian markets in case of a crisis, failure to adopt a fuel security strategy due to the absence of a healthy environment (political conditions) and the direct linked to full independence and openness to markets as well as the need to adopt a fuel security strategy not only for emergencies but also for the ability to set prices independently of Israel and finally building fuel security strategy needs legislative support.In light of these results, the recommendations of the study included strengthen the procedures of the Palestinian Petroleum Authority and private companies to ensure the availability of fuel in the Palestinian markets, the necessity of initiating the building of the infrastructure needed to create a fuel security strategy in the future, the necessity for continuous and diligent efforts and actions to compel the Israelis to abide by the agreements signed during the Oslo Accords, the necessity of competent authorities toVIIIsearch for alternative manners to provide fuel for Palestine and to avoid dependence on Israel because of the high cost of fuel to the Palestinian citizen (in other words the dissolution of the Paris economic agreements). the necessity of coordinating with the private sector, which provides fuel to the Palestinian markets, and in the legislative aspect the necessity of the competent authorities to Pass laws and regulations to regulate the fuel sector in Palestine.This study is important for planners, policy makers and decision makers, as it will highlight the importance of the fuel shortage crisis for future fuel security in Palestine.

قويدر سيكوك, ليلى سيدي موسى, محمد كريم

كلية العلوم الاجتماعية-جامعة عبد الحميد بن باديس مستغانم · الجزائر

إن كل مدینة في التاریخ الانساني صنعت علاماتھا ولغتھا، وكتبت ورسمت حیاة وتاریخالمجتمع المحلي على الجــدران، فالممارسة الجداریة كممارسة سوســیو ثقافیة ھي ملامحالمدنیة،في نتاج ثقافي لتجارب فردیة أو مجتمَعِ یَّة، وھي خلاصة إرھاصات الزمان والمكانفي صورة تعبیریة یتحرر فیھا أصحابھا من سطوة الإملاءات، لإحداث ثورة المكبوتاتوالمكنونات على الطابوھات: الممنوعات والمحرمات.لقد صار الجدار الیوم یلعب دوراً تواصلیا وإعلامیا في الحیاة المجتمعیة والسیاسیة، لقد صارلھ صوت ناطق بما یُد َ و َّ ن ُ فیھ، وتحول الى مساحة حرة للتعبیر عن رأي أو فكرة أو موقف أوحتى ھموم جماعیة أو فردیة وأصبح منافساً للصحافة الاعلامیة الرسمیة المكتوبةوالمطبوعة، بل إنَّھُ أضحى یُعَ دُ إعلاماً موازیا و بدیلاً ، وعلى الرغم من الانفتاح الذي میّزھامش الحریات والإعلام في الجزائر، والثورة التي أحدثتھا التقنیات الجدیدة في الاعلاموالاتصال، وتحسن المستوى التعلیمي الذي من شأنھ تمكین العدید من الشباب من التحكمالأفضل بھذه التقنیات، ھذه العوامل التي تحصر نظریا ظاھرة الكتابات الجداریة كممارسة،لا یزال الشباب یعودون إلى أقدم وسیلة للتعبیر والتي توصف بأنھا بدائیات التعبیر والتواصل

Mutaz Al-Khatib , Yara Abdelbasset

كلية الدراسات الإسلامية-جامعة حمد بن خليفة · قطر

This research is an attempt to explore the existent Western theories regarding the moral judgment of art. It is an endeavor to pioneer the area of the moral judgment of Contemporary Art practices in order to pave the way for forming future theories based on the opinions of some contemporary Muslim scholars. The research will study two controversial art practices: the use of human bodies and animals, alive or dead, in art making. It will adopt the works of Gunther Von Hagens, Marina Abramovic, Marc Quinn, Damien Hirst, and Guillermo Vargas as case studies. The research will first attempt to explore the different aspects of these practices based on the aforementioned Western ethical theories. Second, it will try to explore the compatibility of these art practices with the opinions of some selected Muslim scholars regarding the criteria of practicing art in general. Finally, the study will attempt to analyze the essence of these art practices from a fiqhī perspective, and explore some of the justifications used by fuqahā for the judgment of these essences to ultimately reach conclusions about the rulings of such practices.

خدیجة بن فریحة , عبیر دحو, قلیل محمد رضا

كلية العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة ابن خلدون – تيارت · الجزائر

إن الوقوف على المشكلات السلوكية والانفعالية ,يمثل خطوة هامة في معالجة هذه الاضطرابات أما معرفة المشكلات السلوكية والانفعالية لدى المتأخرين دراسيا مهم جدا ,لأن المتأخرين دراسيا في الطور الابتدائي يمرون بأصعب مرحلة حيث تعد مرحلةانتقالية في أعمارهم .فقد خصصنا في دراستنا على محاولة التعرف على الاضطرابات السلوكية والانفعالية التي قد نجدها عند التلاميذ المتأخرين دراسيا و من هذه السلوكات خصصنا دراستنا على سلوكين هامين هما (العدوان والخوف) , وقد تم القيام بهذه الدراسة بعد التأكد من حالات التي تم اختيار أنها تعاني فعلا من تأخر دراسي و هي ثلاث حالات ,و انطلاقا من إشكالية الدراسة التي صيغت على الشكل التالي " هل يعاني المتأخرين دراسيا من اضطرابات سلوكية وانفعالية ؟ ", ومن خلال تطبيق مجموعة من الاختبارات النفسية مثل مقياس التأخر الدراسي ومقياس العدوان والخوف ، جاءت نتائج الدراسة على أن حالات الدراسة المتأخرين دراسيا يعانون فعلا من سلوكات و انفعالات مضطربة متفاوتة الدراجات مثل " الخوف و العدوان.

F Z Chiali, خديجة دهماني, عائشة يحياوي

كلية علوم الطبيعة والحياة-جامعة عبد الحميد بن باديس مستغانم · الجزائر

The study was carried out in the laboratory of the Ain Tedlass hospital in Mostaganem. The main objective of this investigation is to identify the main germs responsible for urinary tract infections in women. Biological diagnosis generally based on cytobacteriological examination of urine showed an abnormal presence of white blood cells in the urine. It is also characterized by bacteriuria, leukocyturia and indirect signs of infection. Our work shows that women aged over 20 have more urinary tract infections than other groups of women; with a 66% risk of infection. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are the germs most often isolated from patients.

سمية يحمدي

كلية الآداب واللغات-جامعة 8 ماي 1945 قالمة · الجزائر

Asma Ahmed Bashir, Ali Salem Aoun

كلية العلوم-جامعة الزاوية (السابع من ابريل سابقا) · ليبيا

This thesis discusses one of the unified methods used to solve linear, non-linear equations, ordinary and partial differential equations known as the Adomian decomposition method. The Adomian decomposition method is discussed in details to include its background information, polynomials, convergence, formulation, boundary conditions, applications and advantages. Once the Adomian decomposition method has been thoroughly presented, its applications in systems of non-linear equations will be discussed in details and numerical examples will be provided to show the effectiveness of this method. Results of these numerical examples show that the Adomian decomposition method is an effective method to solve systems of non-linear equations with ease and favorable accuracy.

Hassina Ahmane , Gouchene Anaïs , فريال همام

كلية العلوم الطبيعية والحياتية-جامعة عبد الرحمان ميرة - بجاية · الجزائر

L'objectif de notre étude est d'évaluer les aspects épidémiologiques des diarrhées bactériennesàSalmonellaet E.coli 0157 : H7 chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans.Un total de 57 échantillons de selles ontétécollectés; 52 dans le service de pédiatrie del'hôpital de Bejaia et 5 aux urgences. Dix-sept autres échantillons ont été collectés dans lecabinet d'un pédiatre privé. 37 cas souffraient de diarrhée et de fièvre. Après isolement etidentification des bactéries, une souche d'E.colisorbitol négative a été trouvée, tandis que lesrésultats pourSalmonellaétaient négatifs. La sensibilité de la souche aux antibiotiques a étédéterminée par la méthode de Mueller Hintonsur milieu solideet les CMI ontégalement étédéterminées.Les cas de diarrhée à Bejaia chez les enfants ne sont pas bactériens dans la majorité des cas,mais cela ne veut pas dire que la prévention doit être exclue. Il s'agit d'une question sérieusequi nécessite un contrôle constant.

David E.Keyes, Naif B.Abdulwahed

جامعة الملك عبدالله للعلوم والتقنية · السعودية

This thesis introduces a new chaos-based Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). The AES is a well-known encryption algorithm that was standardized by U.S National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) in 2001. The thesis investigates and explores the behavior of the AES algorithm by replacing two of its original modules, namely the S-Box and the Key Schedule, with two other chaos- based modules. Three chaos systems are considered in designing the new modules which are Lorenz system with multiplication nonlinearity, Chen system with sign modules nonlinearity, and 1D multiscroll system with stair case nonlinearity. The three systems are evaluated on their sensitivity to initial conditions and as Pseudo Random Number Generators (PRNG) after applying a post-processing technique to their output then performing NIST SP. 800-22 statistical tests. The thesis presents a hardware implementation of dynamic S-Boxes for AES that are populated using the three chaos systems. Moreover, a full MATLAB package to analyze the chaos generated S-Boxes based on graphical analysis, Walsh-Hadamard spectrum analysis, and image encryption analysis is developed. Although these S-Boxes are dynamic, meaning they are regenerated whenever the encryption key is changed,the analysis results show that such S-Boxes exhibit good properties like the Strict Avalanche Criterion (SAC) and the nonlinearity and in the application of image encryption.Furthermore, the thesis presents a new Lorenz-chaos-based key expansion for the AES. Many researchers have pointed out that there are some defects in the original key expansion of AES and thus have motivated such chaos-based key expansion proposal. The new proposed key schedule is analyzed and assessed in terms of confusion and diffusion by performing the frequency and SAC test respectively. The obtained results show that the new proposed design is more secure than the original AES key schedule and other proposed designs in the literature. The proposed design is then enhanced to increase the operating speed using the divide- and-conquer concept. Such enhancement, did not only make the AES algorithm more secure, but also enabled the AES to be faster, as it can now operate on higher frequencies, and more area-efficient.

عباس عبدالهادي, نادية ابو بكر

كلية العلوم الزراعية والبحرية-جامعة السلطان قابوس · فلسطين

ABSTRACTMany molecular techniques have been used to supplement the classification system,which earlier was only based on morphological characterizations. The Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) marker was successfully used for comparing and identifying locally grown Omani banana cultivars. AFLP technique was used successfully in eighteen Omani banana cultivars from AlBatinah, Al Dhakhilia and Dhofar regions. Eleven AFLP primer combinations were used to develop the fingerprinting of the banana cultivars. Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster using Jaccards similarity coefficient analysis showed the three distinct banana taxa. Cluster one was banana samples from Al Dakhiliah region which included Bahri, Omani, Maisori Fardh, Sokari and Zanzibar. Second cluster was banana samples from Dhofar region which included Dwarf Spotted Cavendish, Somali, Abubakar Philipino, Maisori Fardh, Milk Banana, Plantain Kenya and Sawara Red. Third cluster was banana samples from Al Batinah region which included Williams, Somali, Malindi, Red Banana, Maisori Fardh and Nagal. Results show an appreciable amount of genetic diversity among the banana cultivars. By using Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System (NTSYS-PC 2.2), a total of 1397 alleles were scored, of which 1322 (94.68%) appeared polymorphic. The primer combination E-ACT/M-CAC showed more percentage of polymorphism alleles about 98.15 % while, E-ACA/ M-CTG