عبدالسلام بن ابراهيم بن محمد الحصين, عبدالله الركبان

جامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية · السعودية

Nadjib Aied , Salah Chaab

كلية علوم الارض-جامعة باجي مختار - عنابة · الجزائر

Asma Soussi, Daniele Daffonchio

جامعة الملك عبدالله للعلوم والتقنية · السعودية

Bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are signal molecules that may have beneficial roles in the soil-plant-microbiome ecosystem. In this Ph.D. thesis, I aimed to assess and characterize the role of bacterial VOCs in plant tolerance to drought and in the biocontrol of fungal pathogens.I started by studying two root endophytic bacteria isolated from pepper plants cultivated under desert farming conditions. They showed an enhancement of pepper tolerance to drought stress and an amelioration of its physiological status. Moreover, they induced the expression of a vacuolar pyrophosphatase proton pump (V-PPase), implicated in the regulation of the vacuolar osmotic pressure, facilitating water uptake. Besides, the exposure of Arabidopsis thaliana plants, grown under salinity stress, to the volatile 2,3-butanediol, described for its plant growth promotion (PGP) potential, enhanced the plants tolerance to salinity, proving the potential involvement of this volatile in the osmotic stress resistance mechanism.Then, I studied VOCs released by three bacteria associated to healthy rice plants. Their released VOCs mixtures modified the color pattern of Magnaporthe oryzae, the agent of the rice blast disease, and protected rice from the pathogen infection. A significant reduction of melanin production, sporulation and appressoria formation was measured in presence of the bacterial VOCs, without major effects on mycelial proliferation. 1-butanol-3-methyl, one of the nine VOCs co-produced by the studied bacteria, proved its potential of reducing M. oryzae melanin in vitro. In vivo tests confirmed the infection inhibition effects mediated by the rice-bacterial VOCs, with a reduction of 94% of the disease incidence.Lastly, I compared the genomes of the five bacteria considered in the previous experimental studies. The PGP traits and the VOCs pathways identified from the genome analyses confirmed the effects observed with the in vitro and in vivo assays, revealing a complex mode of promotion and protection offered by the studied plant-associated bacteria.In conclusion, plant-associated bacterial VOCs can play potentially important roles in modulating plant drought tolerance and reducing fungal virulence. Such biological resources represent novel tools to counteract the deleterious effects of abiotic and biotic stresses and have the potential to be exploited for sustainable approaches in agriculture.

Yasmina Djafri , Youcef Chehri

كلية اللغات الأجنبية-جامعة عبد الحميد بن باديس مستغانم · الجزائر

The cathartic and healing experience in art are often linked to watching tragedies, listening to music, painting, or writing confessions. Research has shown that when beholding a tragedy, it constitutes a healing result which is described by Aristotle as a catharsis of negative emotions.This particular use of this word has given rise to the richest and most extensive discussion of Aristotle’s Poetics in the secondary sources, partly because Aristotle provides no explanation of it, and partly because it is considered a powerful metaphor that people are led to seek in it the meaning of their own healing experience in response to tragedies. This study aims at finding a relation between Catharsis and the confessional tradition, for it investigates the cathartic aspects in confessional writings: in De Profundis by Oscar Wilde (1905) and A Sister’s Confession by Guy de Maupassant (1883) and it evaluates both the readers and the confessional writer’s shared cathartic experience. Based on a review of the literature on Aristotelian Catharsis, theories on the effects of tragedy, and the confessional tradition, a thorough analysis was executed on the two designated works: De Profundis and A Sister’s Confession to reveal their cathartic aspects despite being works of prose and not drama, by accentuating on the tragic element that both works introduce and seem to offer. The analysis of these confessional works demonstrated a common point that of ‘tragedy’, which, essentially, evokes pity and fear for readers and cleanses negative emotions of that sort. The results indicate that the chosen materials possess a healing element that of catharsis.

Abdelghani Bouzelmat, Farid Brifouche, Malek Amghar

كلية العلوم الاقتصادية والتجارية والإدارة-جامعة عبد الرحمان ميرة - بجاية · الجزائر

« La comptabilité générale est une technique quantitatives de collecte, de traitement etd’interprétation de l’information appliquée aux faits matériels juridiques et économique, ayantune incidence patrimoniale pour un sujet économique : individu, ménage, état »Par comptabilité analytique on entend une analyse des chiffres présentés par lacomptabilité générale pour mieux expliquer les résultats de l’entreprise et ainsi identifier lesleviers de croissance.la comptabilité analytique constitue l’un des instruments fondamentauxdu contrôle de gestion, permettant d’une part la détermination des différents coûts parplusieurs méthodes et la maitrise du prix de revient, et d’autre part d’apporter aux dirigeantset aux responsables des données périodique et chiffrées pouvant servir de base à la prise dedécision.Ce travail s’intéresse à présenter la contribution de la comptabilité analytique, basée surla description et l’analyse du système de calcul de coût de revient au sein de l’entreprise(CO.G.B La Belle).

Wassim Yezli , Ali-Nehari Abdelkader , Dalila lamia Belhoucine, Nadjet Aissa , Yacine Mohamed SaÏd

كلية علوم الطبيعة والحياة-جامعة ابن خلدون – تيارت · الجزائر

Les crabes transformés surgelés importés de la Chine et qui sont largement commercialisés sur le marché local, ont été analysés dans le but d'évaluer leur qualité physico-chimique et microbiologique et pour la mise en évidence de la bio accumulation de trois métaux lourds (Zn, Cu, Cd) comme indicateurs de pollution ainsi que des analyses de la radioactivité. Les résultats trouvés montrent des valeurs du pH alcalins avec une moyenne de 7,73, une teneur en eau de 67.07%. Des teneurs en lipides équivalentes à celle des viandes moyennement grasses, Un dosage d’ABVT de 38,08mg/100. Les taux du (Zn) et de (Cu) trouvés sont nettement inférieurs à la norme des valeurs moyennes de 4.4 mg/Kg et de 1,80 mg/Kg, respectivement, alors que le taux du (Cd) est supérieur à celui de la norme avec une moyenne de 0.69 mg/kg. Toutefois l'analyse microbiologique a révélé l'absence totale des germes pathogènes; les salmonelles et les staphylocoques et aussi des coliformes fécaux, la présence de la Flore mésophile aérobie totale avec des taux inférieurs aux normes algériennes, et la présence des Clostridium sulfito-réducteur à des seuils tolérable. Les résultats de la radioactivité montrent une présence de tous les radionucléides étudiés avec des activités inferieurs à la norme sauf pour le thorium (232Th) qui dépasse légèrement la norme avec une activité de 10,28 Bq/kg.

محمد خليفة حسن, محمد سالم ولد سناد

كلية الدراسات الإسلامية-جامعة حمد بن خليفة · قطر

محمد سحنون , محمود جمام

كلية العلوم الاقتصادية وعلوم التسيير-جامعة الاخوة منتورى - قسنطينة 1 · الجزائر

Naser Omar Hussain El-Shakhy, Mohamed Al-Drawi

كلية العلوم-جامعة سرت · ليبيا

Julnar Usta, Omar Shehade El Rifai, Pascal Karam

كلية الطب-الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

Cholesterol is a vital component of cell membranes and a precursor of many biomolecules: cholesterol esters, steroid hormones and bile acids. Its synthesis involves the intermediate mevalonic acid (MVA) which serves also as a precursor for isoprenoids, dolichol and ubiquinone (UQ). UQ is a lipid soluble molecule that mediates the transfer of electrons in the respiratory chain. The role of its antioxidant property in enhancing mitochondrial function and in reducing LDL oxidation has been reported. In this study, we investigate the possible role of UQ in regulating MVA pathway and subsequently cholesterol level. Two types of ubiquinones were used UQ1 and the naturally occurring UQ10. Isolated rat primary rat hepatocytes and HepG2 were pre-treated with UQ1 (25 and 50 µM) and UQ10 (50µM) followed by addition of 2-14C MVA (for 24 hours), bypassing thus the HMGCoA reductase catalyzed step. Lipids were then extracted (Bligh and Dyer), evaporated, and separated by Thin Layer Chromatography using Heptane-Ethyl acetate as solvent system. The radioactivity incorporated into each of cholesterol, lanosterol, squalene and UQ10 was counted (Cpm) and were normalized to inorganic phosphate. Expression of LDL receptor in UQ1 and UQ10 treated cells was also examined using immuno-staining and western blotting. The effect of different inhibitors of MVA pathway in the presence or absence of UQ1-UQ10 was also examined. These include HMGCoA Reductase (Statin-50µM); Farnesyl-geranylgeranyl transferase (FPT-I-47µM); 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyl transferase (Bacitracin-50µM). Our results showed a significant decrease in the radioactivity incorporated into cholesterol in both UQ1 and UQ10 treated cells, whereas it increased in lanosterol and squalene. UQ1 exhibited a more potent effect than UQ10 while it increased the incorporation of radioactivity in UQ10. Level of labeled cholesterol did not change in mevastatin treated primary hepatocytes while it decreased in HepG2 treated cells. Mevastatin co-treatment wi