Nacéra Haroun, Sohila Aouichat Bouguerra

كلية العلوم البيولوجية-جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجيا هواري بومدين - الجزائر · الجزائر

Introduction. La nicotine, l’alcaloïde majeur du tabac est un facteur de risque d’atteinte de cancers et de maladies cardiovasculaires. La de la nicotine est due à l’apoptose et/ou le stress oxydant. Le thé vert boisson riche en polyphénols antioxydants permet de maintenir la fonction vasculaire par l’atténuation des effets de la nicotine. Objectif.Nous avons étudié, l’effet de l’administration sub-chronique de la nicotine et d’extrait aqueux de thé vert à des rats blanc sur le profil lipidique , l’activité des marqueurs cardiaques, le statut redox, la structure du cœur et de l’aorte, l’expression des protéines apoptotiques mitochondriales et du RE et des MAPKS. Matériels et Méthodes. Pour l’étude in vivo ,32 rats blancs sont répartis en quatre lots, contrôle, contrôle-thé (extrait de thé à 2%), nicotine (1mg/kg) et nicotine-thé (nicotine à 1mg/kg+ extrait de thé à 2%). Après deux mois de traitement, le profil lipidique, le taux du MDA cardiaque et plasmatique et l’activité de la catalase, LDH ,CPK, CPKMB et des plasmatique sont déterminés. De même, le taux d’expression des MAPK (ERK1/2, P38), des protéines du stress du RE (GRP78, HSP70, CHOP) et des protéines apoptotiques mitochondriales AIF et VDAC sont également évaluées par Western Blot. Pour l’étude in vitro, les sont exposés pendant 24 heurs à la nicotine (10μM) et à EGCG (50μM), polyphénols majeur du thé vert. Résultats.L’administration de la nicotine induit une altération du profile lipidique marqué par et l’hypercholestérolémie qui s’accompagne d’altérations structurales au niveau du cœur et de l’aorte. Ces lésions sont également accompagnés d’une augmentation significative du taux du MDA cardiaque et plasmatique et de l’activité des et des marqueurs d’atteintes cardiaques la LDH, CPK, CPKMB par rapport au contrôle. L’apport de la nicotine induit l’expression des protéines apoptotiques mitochondriales et du RE et de la MAPKs (p-p38). Le co-traitement par l’extrait du thé corrige le profile lipidique, le statut redox et atténue les lésions cardiaques, l’activité des marqueurs cardiaques et l’expression des protéines apoptotiques. In vitro, l’incubation à l’EGCG atténue l’expression des protéines apoptotiques des soumis à la nicotine. Conclusion : Le thé vert exerce un effet antioxydant et et pourrait prévenir et ou atténuer la de la nicotine

خالد صالح المختار

الجامعة التكنولوجية · العراق

ساسية يوسفي, مريم وعلي, لخديمي عبد الحميد

كلية العلوم الاقتصادية، التجارية وعلوم التسيير-جامعة أحمد دراية - أدرار · الجزائر

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على جدول التمويل في اتخاذ القرارات المالية في المؤسسة الاقتصادية، ومن أجل ذلك أجريت دراسة على مؤسسة مرابطي للتجارة والاستثمار .حيث اعتمدت هذه الدراسة على البيانات والوثائق المقدمة من طرف المؤسسة. وقد خلصنا في نهاية هذه الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها أن جدول التمويل يعد من بين أهم القوائم المالية في المؤسسات الاقتصادية .والسبب يعود في ذلك لكون هذا الجدول يساعد على اتخاذ قرارات أكثر دقة خاصة إذا تعلقت هذه القرارات بالجانب المالي، كما أنه يعتبر أيضا أداة من أدوات الرقابة في هذا الجانب من خلال كشفه عن كل التدفقات النقدية الداخلة والخارجة؛ وبالتالي معرفة أهم مصادر التمويل وأهم الاستخدمات هذه الأموال.

أحلام نطور , مرامرية حمة

كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية-جامعة سكيكدة - 20 أوت 1955 · الجزائر

Bouri Hadj, Zerari Ouissem

كلية الأداب واللغات-جامعة العربي بن مهيدي - أم البواقي · الجزائر

A growing body of evidence suggests that English foreign language learners' syntactic complexity is largely determined by their writing proficiency level. With respect to EFL learners at L'arbi Ben M'hidi university, no attempts have been made to evaluate their writings syntactically or to establish possible associations between their writing proficiency level and the complexity of the structures they employ as they write in English. Given this gap, this study set out to determine if learners' syntactic complexity varies across different writing proficiency levels. A corpus-based method and a robust computational tool, L2 syntactic complexity analyzer, were used to compute seven syntactic complexity measures for 52 essays. Results showed that syntactic complexity varied significantly between master, third year and second year students; learners at higher grades exhibited more complex syntax than their counterparts at lower grades. The findings also indicated that there was a positive correlation between learners' syntactic complexity and their writing proficiency level. On account of these findings, a number of pedagogical implications were conferred, limitations were discussed and suggestions for future research were identified.

Rafik Laceb, Riche Bouteldja

كلية الاداب واللغات-جامعة مولود معمري - تيزي وزو · الجزائر

The Great Gatsby is a canonical work of literature. It is found in most of theuniversity curricula and high school programs. In sum, it is a classic of the 1920s.Gatsby is a reflection of that period of gendered, ethnic, and racial tensions. Themain characters of the narrative are all from old white established Anglo‐Saxonbackgrounds. It is described to be about the suppression of otherness and changerequired to maintain the illusion of identity. The novel has long been noted for itsauthor’s regional obsession with the East and the West. My aim in the presentdissertation is to realize a thematic study of the novel, by looking for the waywomen, Jews, and Blacks and Orientals are placed in the position of “Other (s)” inrelation to the identity of the main characters; an identity the author identifieswith, barricades, and tries to maintain its supremacy.As the United States ended the settlement of the West with the closing ofthe Frontier, the beginning of the twentieth century required Americans to look fora new sense of manifest destiny. The twenties are renowned for their intoleranceand broad‐scale nativism. The Great Gatsby is said to be the perfect novel of theJazz Age, which mirrors its immediate issues.This dissertation is divided into four chapters. The first one is an attempt toput the novel in the context of various tensions which reflect the conservative andnativist character of the decade. The chapter also informs the reader about themajor literary orientations and current of the time. It ends with the way the novelis liable to be approached from the point of view of looking for the discourse ofOrientalism within it.Chapter II is about the demonstration of Fitzgerald’s ideal notion of maleidentity which is to be a member of Tom Buchanan’s group. Tom is the stereotypedmasculine character who is even “more of a man than” Nick. Nick refusesidentification and/or associations with women. Women for Nick/Fitzgerald areweak, irresponsible, absurd, dishonest, and destroyer.Chapter III focuses on the overt and oblique expressions of Fitzgerald’s anti‐Semitism and dislike of ethnic immigrants. Ethnic immigrants were often linkedwith the organized crime, and constituted‐by their half whiteness‐a threat to thepurity of Anglo‐Saxon identity and the homogeneity of the Nordic element. Nordicsfor Fitzgerald are responsible for “all the things that go to make civilization”, andare set‐that is my argument‐ in opposition to the Semite or Jewish immigrant whois the anti‐thesis of development.Chapter IV pays attention to the Fitzgeraldian ideal of whiteness and itssupremacy, domestic and foreign. The major threat to “civilization going to pieces”is to end by getting “intermarriage of blacks and whites”. This chapter explains theway Fitzgerald associates Gatsby with blackness, and how Gatsby reflects the“natural segregation” of the two races. However, the second half of this lastchapter is a suggestion of the study of the novel in relation to the global Westernmyth of the superiority of whiteness. Blackness in the United States of the timewas parallel to what the colonial subject meant to imperial powers. The focus is onreferences to the brotherhood with English imperialism and to the early imaginedgeographies of the rising imperial States.N.

باسم جميل مرشد طميزه, مجدي حمايل

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة القدس · فلسطين

This thesis examines the influence of modernism on the American poetry in the 20th century. It focuses on T. S. Eliot's dramatic monologue "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock". As one of his significant contributions to the American literature. The study aims to acquaint the reader with T. S. Eliot as a major modernist poet in the twentieth century, and to manifest the nature of poetry that Eliot believed as modern. The main objective of this research is to analyze the poem through modernist's eyes and show which aspects are modern and why. The study briefly discusses the extent to which modernism has an obvious effect on the poem. It also discusses why modernism was needed at that time. Besides, it clarifies to what extent Eliot was learned in reflecting the distinguishing features of his poetry in the selected poem. The researcher uses the analytical descriptive method to analyize the poem, and the historical method to collect all the information possible. The research concludes that Eliot uses images to serve his goals and purposes, to disclose the hidden meanings of things, and to bring the core of the problem to the surface. He employed images to strive always for concentration, which imagists were convinced was the very essence of poetry. The thesis also concludes that reading "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" is needed, and some interested learners find it frustrating. Eliot's poetry exemplified by "Prufrock" displays the IVstructures related with fragmented reality clearly very severe in the years between the two wars. His poetry breaks with the previous standards of English and creates an essential rapture. The study finds that the modern aspects noticed in the selected poem indicate the disease of neuro self-absorption, and the loss of faith and meaning in life. Prufrock is merely a symbol for a general disease. The researcher recommends that further researches should be conducted in similar fields, for example, the American novel and short story because literature and culture are the mirrors of nations for they reflect their concerns, ambitions, and aspirations

سعيدة سماتي, محمد بوسماح

كلية الحقوق-جامعة الجزائر 1 - بن يوسف بن خدة · الجزائر

عرفت سونلغاز سنة 2002 نتيجة صدور القانون المتعلق بالكرباء و توزيع الغاز بواسطة القنوات تحولها من مؤسسة عمومية ذات طابع صناعي و تجاري إلى شركة قابضة ذات أسهم بين شكل مجمع صناعي يضم بالإضافة إلى الشركة الأم 39 شركة فرعية تابعة لها هذا التحول حمل بين طياته تغيرات و تأثيرات على الخدمة العمومية بكل نواحيها المختلفة دون امساس بالمبدأ الذي يحكم سير المرافق العامة

Mahfoud Mihoubi , Mohamed Oussama Dris , Ysbaa. S

كلية الهيدروكربونات والكيمياء-جامعة أمحمد بوقرة - بومرداس · الجزائر

Djilali Tassalit, Khadidja Ganibardi, Rachid Issaadi

جامعة سعد دحلب البليدة · الجزائر

L’élimination des colorants des effluents aqueux de l’industrie textile est un véritable défi dans le traitement des eaux usées. Généralement, la photocatalyse et l’adsorption sont utilisées pour atteindre cet objectif. Une étude expérimentale pour l’élimination d’un colorant (bleu turquois plus connu sou le nom« Tubatin ») par photocatalyse en présence de rayonnement solaire d’une part, et la combinaison charbon actif/ZnO d’autre part. L’influence de certains paramètres tels que la concentration de catalyseur et de charbon actif, la concentration initiale en polluant, pH et la vitesse d’agitation a été étudiée par plan d’expérience en utilisant le modèle de Box-Behnken. Deux types de support ont été utilisés, le gravier pour la fixation de l’oxyde de zinc (ZnO) et une plaque en aluminium pour fixer le catalyseur supporté sur le charbon actif dans un montage à l’échelle pilote en utilisant le rayonnement solaire comme source d’irradiation. Les deux supports ont montré leur efficacité et la possibilité de dégrader un tel polluant.