Abba Kolo, Moez Nasser

كلية إدارة الأعمال والقانون-الجامعة البريطانية في دبي · الامارات

This dissertation examines the issue of Substantial Completion/Practical Completion (SC/PC) which is considered to be one of the most important Project Milestone provisions that is contained in most Forms of Construction Contracts invoking tangible benefits to both contracting parties notwithstanding the ambiguous nature of the term that often give rise to disputes.The purpose of this dissertation is to bring about an awareness of the significance and important nature of SC/PC as contained in Standard forms of construction contract and due to its importance, how such a provision is misinterpreted by the contracting parties and the party on which decision making powers are conferred. The source of misinterpretation stems from lack of clearly defined terms. This has led to judicial processes at all levels, and numerous discussions amongst Industry Professionals. The matter has long been debated in the Construction Industry and the Law in certain jurisdictions has attempted to define the terms but with a mixed approach as will be seen later on in this Paper.Decisions of the Courts, in some circumstances, have been such that have given rise to discussions and mixed arguments amongst many commentators. The evidence indicate that there is widespread perception amongst Industry Professionals of injustice arising out of ambiguities that exist in Construction contracts concerning SC/PC and the need for clearly defining its meaning becomes more and more pronounced.This research paper therefore encompasses reasoned arguments regarding the need for contracting parties to be aware of the risks involved with unclear defined terms. It also highlights the texts within the contract that is prone to misinterpretation and provides an insight for further research for enhancement of Standard Forms of Contract commonly in use within the industry.It is hoped that this dissertation will provide Industry Professionals a deeper awareness towards the importance of SC/PC as applied in Construction Contracts and perhaps provoke a need for further dialogue and research with the aim of eliminating ambiguities by providing clarity of the term when entering into contracts which otherwise has proved to have an adversarial effect amongst the contracting parties both in contract and the Law.

سهيله سعد, فايزة شاهد, محمد بوشريف

كلية العلوم والتكنولوجيا-جامعة أحمد بن يحيى الونشريسي - تيسمسيلت · الجزائر

Nesma Boukhors, F. Ghomari, F.B Houti

جامعة أبو بكر بلقايد - تلمسان · الجزائر

Diverses études sur le comportement des structures en maçonnerie porteuse àl’état ultime ont été réalisées de par le monde. Dans notre pays, ce mode deconstruction a été très utilisé avant l’avènement du béton, cependant il estcomplètement marginalisé de nos jours.Dans le cadre de ce travail, nous nous intéressons à l’étude expérimentale depanneaux de maçonnerie en briques creuses de terre cuite hourdées au mortierbâtard testés sous chargement uniaxial confiné jusqu’à la rupture, et aussi, nousavons varié l’épaisseur du joint (0.5, 1.0 et 1.5 cm) et la nature du sable.Nous tentons de montrer l’influence de l’ensemble de ces paramètres sur lecomportement des structures en maçonnerie étudiées.

Imène Idir, K. Mallil, M. Amroun, Sarah Halit

كلية العلوم البيولوجية والزراعية-جامعة مولود معمري - تيزي وزو · الجزائر

L’étude du régime alimentaire saisonnier de la genette (Genetta genetta Lenneaus,1758) est faite dans la forêt de Darna au sein du Parc Nationale du Djurdjura, durant la période de décembre 2022 à mai 2023. L’analyse de 189 fèces recueillies mensuellement nous a permis l’identification de 939 items alimentaires et la mise en évidence de la forte prépondérance des mammifères notamment le mulot (Apodemus sylvaticus) dans son alimentation, qui ont étés suivis par les arthropodes puis la catégorie autres, les végétaux non énergétiques, végétaux énergétiques, les oiseaux et les reptiles qui sont présents avec des fréquences similaires, les catégories les moins consommée restent les déchets et les mollusques. Quant aux fluctuations saisonnières, une différence significative a été constaté pour les arthropodes. La genette fréquente généralement les mêmes endroits de défécation qui dépendent de facteurs environnementaux précis tels que les variations saisonnières, les activités entropiques ainsi que la densité du couvert végétal. La disponibilité des ressources génère un comportement opportuniste et généraliste chez ce viverridé.

Ayad Hamza Abd Ali

الجامعة التكنولوجية · العراق

Razan Taisir Lutfi Hamdan, سامر مدلل

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة القدس · فلسطين

Freekeh is a traditional Middle Eastern grain that is particularly popular in Palestinian cuisine.It was a traditional Palestinian grain before rice was introduced in the Ottoman era. This makes it a special food, whether eaten in soup, in a salad, or cooked like rice. It is made from premature green wheat that goes through a roasting and threshing process. In Palestinian cuisine, freekeh is appreciated not only for its unique taste but also for its cultural and historical significance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the chemical,physical, and microbiological properties of freekeh products available in the Palestinian market. In addition, to assess consumer preferences and purchasing behavior towards locally produced freekeh ( , purchase behavior, and consumer awareness and behavior) in respect to product characteristics. Moreover, the effect of physical properties of the freekeh on consumer preferences and purchasing behavior has been evaluated.About 9 kg of freekeh was collected from markets representing nine different Palestinian companies (the company names were coded as SkF, SkC, Mn, SnN, KS, LZ, Aq, Shq, and Nkh).About 700-800 g from each company has drawn from both fine and coarse products. Only two companies’ fine freekeh, the seven other companies freekeh. Additionally, labelling information of freekeh products was collected, such as weight, type and shelf life.Furthermore, nearly 200 g of crushed freekeh from each company was dedicated to proximate chemical analysis (moisture, fat, protein, fiber, and ash content). In addition, physical analysis has been carried out including color measurement based on CIE system (L*a*b*) and impurities content. Moreover, analysis was used to assess the count of bacteria, mold, and yeast in the . Finally, the consumer preference and purchase behavior toward locally (in terms of physical and nutritional properties) has been carried out via an online survey on the Google Forms platform. More than 500 Palestinian consumers were participated in this survey representing the north of Palestine The results of the study showed that there were statistical significant differences in ash, crude fat, crude fiber, and protein content between the products, while there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in moisture content between different products from different companies. On the other hand, it was found that freekeh products in Palestinian market were significantly different in their color traits. In this context, there were significant differences in L* (degree of lightness) and a* (redness index) values between products while b*-value did not show any significant differences. Our survey showed that more than 50% of respondents consumed regularly freekeh products. Moreover, 3.3% of respondents declared that they do not usually consume freekeh at all.In respect to microbiological analysis, products from company NKH had the highest fungal count while products from company MN showed the lowest fungal count and the differences between these two companies were very high (1.39 to 4.29). Freekeh products from company SKC(one of the Palestinian companies whose product was tested)exhibited the highest bacterial count while products from company MN exhibited the lowest bacterial counts. In conclusion, our study revealed that locally produced freekeh products have different chemical and physical characteristics. Product characteristics such as color, particle size, and the presence of physical impurities had significant role in determination the consumer preferences toward freekeh products

ضيف زين الدين, عفيفة زاغز

كلية العلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر

Abu Adla, Yasmine

لبنان

Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) is a rapidly growing field that aims to bring machine learning to resource-constrained embedded systems such as microcontrollers. These devices have limited processing power, memory, and energy, which makes it challenging to deploy traditional machine learning models designed to run on powerful servers with large amounts of memory and processing capabilities. To address this challenge, TinyML models are highly optimized and compressed, using techniques such as quantization, pruning, and weight sharing to reduce their memory footprint and increase their computational efficiency. This allows intelligent applications to run on devices that were previously incapable of running complex algorithms. This study investigates the impact of model compression techniques on the performance of four deep learning models - Convolutional Neural Networks, Long Short Term Memory, Gated Recurrent Units, and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory for a limited-vocabulary speech processing task in Arabic, specifically focusing on the Levantine dialect. We evaluate the effectiveness of these techniques in reducing the memory footprint of the models, improving their accuracy and performance, and minimizing inference time and energy consumption. To evaluate the real-world performance of our optimized models, we deploy them on two distinct edge devices that represent different resource-constrained environments. One device has limited processing power and memory, while the other has relatively more computational resources but still constrained by limited memory. By analyzing the performance of our models on these two devices, we gain insights into the effectiveness of different compression techniques for TinyML models and their suitability for deployment on edge devices. Our experiments demonstrate the efficacy of model compression techniques in significantly reducing the memory footprint of deep learning models by up to 89% while maintaining an accuracy of over 97%. Moreover, the optimized models result in a significant reduction in inference time and energy consumption by 99%, making them highly suitable for deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. Our optimized models achieve real-time performance for limited-vocabulary speech recognition tasks, with an average inference time of less than 500 ms on both edge devices. Overall, this study highlights the potential of model compression techniques for developing efficient TinyML models that can be deployed on resource-constrained edge devices. The significant reduction in memory footprint, inference time, and energy consumption of our optimized models showcases their practicality and effectiveness for real-world applications. The efficient and accurate speech processing techniques developed in this study have the potential to significantly improve Arabic speech applications, such as improving the accuracy of Arabic speech recognition and enabling ecient speech-to-text translation. The deployment of these techniques on resource-constrained edge devices can facilitate the development of Arabic speech applications in various domains, such as healthcare, education, and business. Furthermore, the optimized models developed in this study can enhance communication and accessibility for Arabic speakers with speech impairments or disabilities. The potential of TinyML-based Arabic speech processing applications to improve communication and accessibility for Arabic speakers is vast, and this study provides valuable insights into the development of efficient and practical models for this purpose.

التهامي العانز , عبد الكريم ربيعي

كلية العلوم التكنولوجية وعلوم المادة‎-جامعة قاصدى مرباح ورقلة-جامعة قاصدى مرباح ورقلة · الجزائر

المساهمة في دراسة الفعالية المصادة للأكسدة لمستخلصات بروبوليس جنوب الجزائر يالطرق الكميائية و الكهروكيميائية

نادية عبدالعزيز حجازى, ندى حامد محمد اليوبى

كلية الاداب والعلوم الانسانية-جامعة الملك عبدالعزيز · السعودية

تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى المساهمة في تضييق الفجوة بين الواقع الفعلي لحياة الطفل وبين المسئول عن تحقيق حقوقه التي نادت بها الشريعة الإسلامية والقوانين والمنظمات. من خلال دراسة وعي الوالدين بحقوق الطفل الاجتماعية، ويمكن تحديد موضوع الدراسة في تساؤل مؤداه "ما طبيعة وعي الوالدين بحقوق الطفل الاجتماعية؟"، وتهدف الدراسة إلى تحديد طبيعة وعي الوالدين لحق الطفل في الانتماء، وفي التعليم والتثقيف، وفي اللعب والترفيه، وفي الرعاية الصحية، وفي تكوين الصداقات السليمة، وفي حرية الرأي والتعبير، وفي الحماية. وإلى إبراز الفروق ذات الدلالة الإحصائية بين متوسط درجات أفراد الدراسة تبعا لمتغيرات الدراسة العامة (الجنس والعمر والحالة الاجتماعية والدخل والمستوى الدراسي ونوع السكن, وقراءة الصحف, والمعرفة بالإعلان العالمي لحقوق الإنسان وحقوق الطفل)، وذلك بالنسبة لمحاور الدراسة.واستخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي القائم على المسح الاجتماعي، بطريقة العينة, كما تم اختيار مجتمع الدراسة من المعلمين والمعلمات التابعين لوزارة التربية والتعليم، بمدينة جدة، وبلغ العدد الكلي لعينة الدراسة (388)، (184) معلم و(204) معلمة. وتم سحب عينة الدراسة عن طريق العينة العشوائية العنقودية. ولقد توصلت الدراسة الراهنة إلى مجموعة من النتائج، ومن أبرزها أن لدى أفراد الدراسة وعي عالي بحقوق الطفل الاجتماعية. كما توصلت الدراسة إلى أنه لا يوجد فرق معنوي بين آراء مفردات العينة يعزى إلي اختلاف الجنس أو العمر أو الحالة الاجتماعية أو مستوى التعليم أو مستوى الدخل أو إلى اختلاف نوع السكن لمعظم محاور الدراسة (من حق الطفل في الانتماء، وفي التعليم والتثقيف، وفي اللعب والترفيه، وفي الرعاية الصحية، وفي تكوين الصداقات السليمة، وفي حرية الرأي والتعبير، وفي الحماية). وكان من أهم توصيات الدراسة حث منظمات المجتمع المدني على الاهتمام بحقوق الطفل الاجتماعية، ومتابعة تنفيذها. وحث جميع وسائل الإعلام المقروءة والمسموعة والمرئية على إعطاء حقوق الطفل الاجتماعية عناية أكبر.