Djamila Halliche - Arbaoui, O. Cherifi

كلية الكيمياء-جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجيا هواري بومدين - الجزائر · الجزائر

براك عبدالهادي

الجامعة التكنولوجية · العراق

Carlton w. knight, Majeed Abbasi Abdul

الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

كروجة الشارف, نبيلة بوكرالفة

كلية العلوم الاجتماعية-جامعة عبد الحميد بن باديس مستغانم · الجزائر

Djedjiga Mecheri, Ramdane Achour, Sadia Derbouz

كلية الاداب واللغات-جامعة مولود معمري - تيزي وزو · الجزائر

خالد العامري, طاشور عبد الحفيظ

كلية الحقوق-جامعة الاخوة منتورى - قسنطينة 1 · الجزائر

Under Article 205 of the Ordinance 95-07 amended and supplemented, relating to insurance, the Algerian legislature has allowed non mutual commercial insurance companies to offer their services and distribute insurance contracts to the public through intermediaries exercising the activity of insurance intermediary. Theyexpose, propose, sign and manage insurance policies and they put in execution their effects when they meet the conditions provided by the law, and to accomplish the tasks assigned to them, they must resort to their experience and pro fessional skills inthis field.Are considered, according to Article 252 of the law 06-04 amending andsupplementing Ordinance 95-07 pertaining to insurance, as insurance intermediaries:- The general insurance agent: is natural person who represents one or moreinsurance companies, following designation agreement for his approval assuch, he is absolutely considered the most important intermediary, he hasmore power and prerogatives and depends on one or several insurancecompanies that he represent, therefore, they are liable on the mistakes hecommit during the exercise of its functions.- The insurance broker: A natural or legal person who enjoys limitedprerogatives and powers, he works for his own professional mediationbetween policyholders and insurance companies to conclude the contract ofinsurance and execute its effects, he is considered the agent of the insuredclient and responsible toward him.- Banks and financial institutions: The insurance companies can distribute somecontracts of insurance underwritten by agents designated in the annexes andnetworks of these banks and financial institutions following distributionagreements, they are invested with limited prerogatives and powers; inaddition, they depend on the insurance company, which means it isresponsible for their mistakes.In view of the importance of the activity performed by these mediators, theirapproval must meet a set of conditions prescribed by law, which will be subject toprocedures that must be followed, they are subject to the control of parts and publicinstitutions, in addition, guidance and control imposed by insurance companies thatgave them their approval in order to prevent the commission of offenses or scams.

Mohammed Aziz Karim

كلية طب الأسنان-جامعة السليمانية · العراق

Maaz Osman Bushara, Wiaam kamal Abuzaid

كلية العمارة والتخطيط-جامعة السودان للعلوم والتكنولوجيا · السودان

Disputes are common in the construction industry due to their relationship with many different industries and specializations and the complexity of the construction process, Conflict also occurs through accidents (injury), mismanagement, human error, disagreement or lack of communication between the contracting parties, Disputes affect the cash flow of the company, if not addressed and resolved in a timely manner, become very time consuming and costly.Objective: This research aims to assess the impact of disputes on project cost, to reduce conflict between contracting parties that can develop into a dispute.Methodology: The study was divided into two frameworks, the theoretical framework includes a comprehensive study on the stages of project implementation from the feasibility study stage to the delivery stage, disputes, their causes, types, ways to avoid them, claims, costs, pricing requirements, types of costs and estimates, while the second framework, which is the practical framework, in which a questionnaire containing research questions and hypotheses was prepared Data was analyzed computerized used statistical package for social science version 22 through tables and figures.Results: the most important results of this study ,lack of a sufficient feasibility study for projects,as well as engineering work is not carried out in standard ways according to the technical terms and conditions, lack of sufficient considerations for the variables that can occur during the implementation period, there is a significant impact when signing contracts without referring to the legal departments, and failure to sign the contract with subcontractors is a reason for of problems in the project stages.Conclusion: Based on the results, this study concluded that engineers are not familiar with laws regulating the profession, lack of adequate feasibility study for the project, bad planning and lack of mechanisms to check the quality of engineering works.Recommendations: this study recommend the need to use modern scientific methods,scheduling and planning programs before starting the project and documenting work during the project stages, Protection the rights of all parties, prices set in US dollars, reviewing all laws of taxes, duties and customs on construction companies, and more studies should be conducted tofill the gaps in this study.

Samia Benguergoura , Youcef Islem Mekarzia, Kamel Chaanane

كلية التكنولوجيا-جامعة سعد دحلب - البليدة · الجزائر

Ait Chalal, , M .Amine, محمد بن لقام

جامعة أحمد بن يحيى الونشريسي - تيسمسيلت · الجزائر

Nowadays, solar energy has the ability to overcome the electrical energy demand. Autonomous photovoltaic energy systems is a feasible alternative to a grid connection in certain case. In addition, solar power can also be used as a complement to a weak grid, for facilities that requires a higher reliability of .The main objective of this to present the sizing of an autonomous electrical energy system, based on photovoltaic solar panels, with a good reliability, in order to supply electricity to a pilot vegetal production farm.The conclusion is that already today solar power is a cost-effective energy source, for countries with much like Algeria and a weak grid for the far places. However, it is very important that the system is designed for the specific facility and the required maintenance must be respected in order to get a reliable system that will be in operation during its expected lifetime () De nos jours, l’énergie solaire a la capacité de répondre à la demande en énergie électrique. Où, les systèmes d'énergie photovoltaïque autonome constituent une alternative envisageable par rapport réseau dans certains cas. En outre, l'énergie solaire peut également être utilisée en complément d'un réseau faible, pour les installations nécessitant une plus grande fiabilité énergétique.L'objectif principal de ce mémoire est de présenter le dimensionnement d'un système d'énergie électrique autonome, basé sur des panneaux solaires photovoltaïques, afin de fournir de l'électricité à une ferme pilote pour la production végétale région de Tissemsilt.La conclusion est qu'actuellement, l'énergie solaire est une source d'énergie importante pour les pays qui ont un grand ensoleillement comme l'Algérie et un réseau faible pour les régions éloignées. Cependant, il est très important que le système soit conçu pour une installation spécifique et que la maintenance requise doit être respectée afin d'obtenir un système fiable qui fonctionnera pendant sa durée de vie prévue