Behavior of High Strength Light Weight Reinforced Concrete One-Way Ribbed Slabs
تمارا عامر محمد عبد الأمير, حيدر محمد كاظم خضير
كلية الهندسة-جامعة بابل · العراق
The present study includes an experimental and numerical investigation of high strength-lightweight reinforced concrete one-way ribbed slabs behavior.The experimental program consists of testing twenty-one of one-way reinforced concrete slab specimens. These specimens were split into two groups according to the type of loading. Fifteen were tested under static load (two-point load), and others were tested under dynamic load (harmonic load). Theslabs in the first group that were tested under static load were divided into six subgroups according to the type of concrete; high strength-lightweight concrete (HSLWC), high strength-normal weight concrete (HSNWC), normal strength-lightweight concrete (NSLWC), or normal strength-normal weight concrete (NSNWC); steel fibers volume fraction ratios, steel reinforcement ratios of ribs, the geometry of section (number of ribs) at same HSLWC volume, ribs spacing, slab type; ribbed or solid slab with approximately same HSLWC volume and different steel ratios. Meanwhile, the second group that was tested under dynamic load was divided into four subgroups according to the type of concrete; steel fibers ratios, the geometry of section, and slab type. Also, cubes, cylinders, and prisms for each batch mix were tested to determine the concrete's physical and mechanical characteristics.Based on the findings of experimental testing, it is concluded that the HSLWC with an average cylinder compressive strength of about 42.2 MPa, the average oven-dry density of 1943 kg/m3, and the thermal conductivity of about 0.81W/ (m.K) can be produced by using pumice stone with additive materials (sugar molasses, superplasticizer, and micro silica fume). The average cylinder compressive strength, oven-dry density, and thermal conductivity in comparable HSNWC are 58 MPa, 2408 kg/m3, and 1.435 W/ (m.K), respectively.It was found that the HSLWC ribbed slab specimen has a lower; total weight, ultimate load capacity, and deflection by the amount of 19%, 17.70%, and 17.33%, respectively, in comparison with the HSNWC slab specimen that was tested under static load. Consequently, the structural efficiency of HSLWC slab specimens had superiority over HSNWC, NSLWC, and NSNWC slabs by about1.04%, 5.80%, and 19.16%, respectively. VIIMoreover, reducing the spacing between the ribs from 200mm to 180mm and 150mm increased the ultimate load by 8.33% and 17.97%, respectively. Furthermore, using HSLWC ribbed slab instead of HSLWC solid slab increasedthe ultimate load and structural efficiency by 130.37% and 125.72%, respectively, while the deflection decreased by 3.99%.On the other hand, changing the number of ribs at the same HSLWC volume did not give a significant difference in strength capacity but gave economic benefit by reducing the fabrication cost of shear reinforcement. However, it was found that the addition of steel fibers with the ratio of 0.5% and using a ribs reinforcement ratio of 0.44% in HSLWC ribbed slabs led to overcome on the strength reduction due to using HSLWC instead of HSNWC.The experimental results of slab specimens under the effect of dynamic load showed that using HSLWC ribbed slab with 3-ribs decreased the average displacement amplitude at frequencies ranging from 5 to 50 Hz by 13.44% and 35.10% compared with HSNWC and solid slabs, respectively. Contrarily, using 1-rib and 0.25% steel fibers of HSLWC ribbed slabs decreased the average displacement amplitude by 54.03% and 15.54%, respectively, compared to the 3-ribs HSLWC slab.Finally, the results of the comparison between the finite element analysis conducted using ABAQUS/2019 and the results of the experimental work presented reasonable validity where a maximum variation of the ultimate load and deflection was about 21.01% and 14.52%, respectively, for specimens under the effect of static load. Meanwhile, the maximum variation of the displacement amplitude of about 30% for specimens under the effect of the dynamic load. The parametric study of the present work involved numerical analysis to find the natural frequency and vibration modes. The effects of increasing operation frequency, support conditions, and spacing between the ribs on the behavior of one-way slabs under dynamic load