احسان عيدان عبدالكريم, داود سلمان مهدي, زينة فتحي جميل

كلية الدراسات العليا-الجامعة التقنية الجنوبية · العراق

Breast cancer is the malignant tumor that forms from the uncontrolled growth of abnormal breast cells. It usually affects tissues involved in milk production (Ductal and lobular tissues). It is the most common malignancy in women and itremains one of the greatest health threats facing women around the world as we enter the 21st century. The total number of breast cancer patients involved in this study were (80) individual taken from Basrah oncology center in Basrah province, The age of patients range from 27-76 years and (80) individuals considered as control group after they were checked and confirmed to be free from any chest or any other health problems , The data of all patients were used to built a general classification model for breast cancer. The system offer an effect summary that examine each demographic factors that have an importance across multiple responses. The study showed the minimum number of breast cancer patients was found amongthe age groups 20-29 years (2.5%),followed by age group 30-39 years (12.5% ,above 40-49years (31.25%), the age group 50-59 years (32.5%) and >60 years (21.25%). P-value <0.0163.The residence of patients with breast cancer was found in central 45 (56.25%), followed by in peripheral 35 (43.75%), with P-value = 0.1008. The effects of various demographical factors effecting patients with breast cancerstarted with various marritalstatus that show the number of Singlepatients 3(3.75%), followed by married 71(88.75%) and divorced 6 (7.5), Theclinical features, that patients using surgery was 72(90.0%) and who do not the surgery 8(10.0%), Then comes the other factor the Chemotherapy, the patients with breast cancer who take the chemo therapy 77(96.25%) and who donot take chemotherapy 3 (3.75%) with P = 0.089, and the last factor metastasis the patients who have metastasis 23 (28.75%) and the patients not have 57 (71.25%). There were significant differences between BMI of patients with breast cancer (P=0.01), and show the majority of patients belong to overweight group 36 (45.0%) followed by obese patients 14(17.5%) (P-value = 0.0150). The data was recorded in stages of the breast cancer which notice the Stage of IIA was (25.00%) appeared in 22 breast cancer patient, followed by stage IIB was (23.86%), stages IA and IIIC were 2(2.27%) for each, and they are followed by stage IB 1(1.14%) , stage IIIA 19(21.59%), stage IIIB 3(3.41%) and stage IV 10 (11.36%) there were significant difference (P<0.001).The levels of interleukin IL-1βpg/ml among patients with breast cancer and control groups in various age group that show the age group (20-29) years (2.87 pg/ml) followed by (30-39) years (3.485 pg/ml) , continued with (40-49) years (4.168 pg/ml) , (50-59) years (4.733 pg/ml) and ( >60) years (5.049 pg/ml) with P-value = 0.03669 .The levels of interleukin IL-6 Pg/ml among patients with breast cancer and control groups in various age group that show the age group (20-29) years (4.69pg/ml) followed by (30-39) years (4.97 pg/ml) , continued with (40-49) years (6.30 pg/ml) , (50-59) years (6.28 pg/ml) and ( >60) years (6.65 pg/ml) with P-value = 0.01599.The levels of interleukin IL-10 pg/ml among patients with breast cancer and control groups in various age group show the age group (20-29) years recorded (2.18 pg/ml) followed by (30-39) years (22.15 pg/ml) , continued with (40-49) years (24.16 pg/ml) , (50-59) years (26.33 pg/ml) and ( >60) years (26.87 pg/ml) with P-value= 0.0042. The levels of IFN-γ pg/ml among patients with breast cancer and control groups in various age group that show the age group (20-29) years recorded concentration of (3.4 pg/ml) followed by (30-39) years (5.31 pg/ml) , continued with (40-49) years (5.90 pg/ml) , (50-59) years (6.48 pg/ml) and ( >60) years (6.72 pg/ml) with P-value = 0.0042.PCR amplification results were done on the extracted DNA and confirmed by using gel electrophoresis which appear as compact DNA separated bands which were results from the accurate and specific binding between the target DNA template and its specific primer, These bands viewed under UV imaging system and appear as illuminating orange bands due to ethidium bromide stain, only bands with expected molecular size 249bp were observed. IL-6 specific size 408pb. IL-10 specific size 295pb. IFN-γspecific size 262 pb.The sequence of the nucleotide of interleukin gene 25 microliters of each sample of the PCR product with the Primers of the nucleotide of IL1β , IL6 , IL10 and IFN-γ genes were sent to Macro-gene in the Korea and after obtaining the results all the results were compared directly with the nucleotide of the nucleotide of IL1B, IL6, IL10 and IFN-γ genes available in the internet (http: NCBI Reference Sequence) by computer program (Bio-Edit Pro. version: 7.0.0). The results were registered as anew recorded genes in NCBI under accession numbers (LC644661, LC644662, LC644663, LC644664, LC644665, LC644666, LC644667 and LC644668). Which is available on the website (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ). The study able to record a genes in NCBI these genes have a multiple mutation and has a specific location on DNA chromosome.

عبدالعزيز باحو, قاسم جمادى

كلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية - المحمدية-جامعة الحسن الثاني - الدار البيضاء · المغرب

Zohra Laaredj, Hamdane Abdelkader Zitouni, Toufik Rahouani

كلية الرياضيات وعلوم الحاسب-جامعة ابن خلدون – تيارت · الجزائر

Patient safety is an area of healthcare that has emerged with the increasing complexity of healthcare systems and the rise of harm to patients it is about preventing and reducing risks, errors and harm to patients in the context of health care. Patient safety is first and foremost about continuous improvement, through learning from errors and adverse events. In this context, the health sector must achieve the conditions for the protection of patients throughout the duration of treatment, taking into account the situation of each patient separately. Among the conditions of protection of our patients, the writing of a good appropriate prescription which does not lead to undesirable effects. And given the presence of several factors that can give undesirable and sometimes fatal results and effects to our patients following the wrong prescription. It has become necessary to take this area seriously by improving the editorial quality of medical prescriptions.

C H ISSIDORIDES, Jubran Jean Sabounji

الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

أحمد عامر عامر , فاطمة راشدي

كلية العلوم الاقتصادية والتجارية وعلوم التسيير-جامعة عبد الحميد بن باديس مستغانم · الجزائر

يعتبراالاستهلاك البذخي منطا استهالكيا جديدا ميز المجتمعات العربية، خاصة منها دول الخليج العربي رغمارتفاع تكاليف المعيشة، وحىت الدول اليت تعيش أزمات سياسية تتجه حنو هذا النمط مثل العراق وفلسطني. ويتأثر االستهالك البذخي مبجموعة من العوامل، حيث تلعب القيم والعادات والتقاليد االجتماعية دورا ابرزا يفاستفحال البذخ، وهو االستهالك الكمايل غي الضروري،ويراه الكثيون على أنه منط يتبعه األفراد لغرض التباهيوالتفاخر دون أن تتحقق منه فائدة عملية مباشرة، واملبالغة يف إقتناء املالبس واألحذية والعطور ومستحضراتالتجميل، واقتناء احللي و اجملوهرات الستخدامها يف أوقات حمدودة، فيما يراه آخرون تلبية لالحتياجات احلاليةومسايرة للتطورات اليت يشهدها العامل يوما بعد يوم. يف هذه الدراسة، حاولنا حتليل وتفضيل العوامل الداخلية واخلارجية املؤثرة يف االستهالك البذخي، من خاللدراسة ميدانية جملموعة أسر من خمتلف مناطق اجلزائر، ابستخدام حتليل االحندار اللوجيسيت ثنائي االستجابة..

عبد الكريم بن يحيى, جمال معتوق

جامعة سعد دحلب البليدة · الجزائر

أمينة رشيد محمد حامد, فواز عقل

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة النجاح الوطنية · فلسطين

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of listening comprehension on eighth grade students, performance in writing.This study attempted to answer the following questions:- What is the effect of listening skill on the written performance of eighth grade pupils?- Is there any significant difference in the effect of listening on the written performance of eighth grade pupils due to dictation?- Is there any significant difference in the effect of listening on the written performance of eighth grade pupils due to sounds?- Is there any significant difference in the effect of listening on the written performance of eighth grade pupils due to composition?In an attempt to answer the research questions of this study, the researcher conducted a (ten) week experimental investigation with a sample of 112 eighth grade students belonging to four government schools in Qalqilia district: Kufur Laqif Primary School, I-labia Secondary School for Boys, Kufur Thulth Secondary School for Boy, and Saniria Secondary School for Boys. The students of the sample were randomly divided into two treatment groups, an experimental group with 45 students (11 females and 34 boys), and a control group with a total of' 67 students (all were boys).Two pretests administered revealed that the two groups were equivalent in listening comprehension achievement.Then , both groups were taught by the English teachers the listening comprehension passages included in the second semester of the eighth grade syllabus of English by using two different methods of instruction. The experimental group was taught by the use of the communicative method of instruction , whereas the control group was taught by the use of the traditional method of instruction. Two classroom periods, 45 minutes each, for 10 weeks were allotted for each class during the second semester of the scholastic year 2000/2001.At the end o the 10-week treatment period, the subjects of the study were assessed by using a post listening comprehension test developed by the researcher to measure the pupils' performance in writing.The results were analyzed using paired T-test, independent T- test, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient (P.C.C.).The results showed that listening did improve the pupils' performance in writing.In the light of these results, it is recommended that teachers be acquainted with all the new developments in the field of teaching listening comprehension texts. Teacher training sessions should be held for teachers to introduce them to the most recent techniques used in teaching students how to listen. Another important recommendation is to provide teachers of English, regularly, with printed materials which display techniques and teaching strategies used in teaching English as a second/ foreign language.Lastly, the researcher recommends that furthers research to investigate the effect of listening on the oral performance.

A. Mostari, Nour El Houda Harmouch , Souad Aissa Abdi

كلية علوم الطبيعة والحياة-جامعة عبد الحميد بن باديس مستغانم · الجزائر

Le littoralMostaganémois faisant partie du sahel oranais est situé dans le semi aride, sous l’influence de la mer, par ailleurs le terrain présente des caractéristiques géologiques et édaphiques variéesla végétation est soumise à des contraintes d’origine anthropique suite aux enjeux socioéconomiques, un espace très convoité surtout une forte urbanisation et un tourisme accéléré les trois dernières décennies. Notreobjectif est de contribuer à l’étude floristique et les transformations subies par les communautés végétales, répartition spatiale et temporelle des espèces végétales existantes pendant une certaine période.Notre méthodologie est basée sur la réalisation des relevés floristique suivant un échantillonnagesubjectif. Selon une synthèse bibliographique basée sur des études sur la végétation de la zone réalisés sur une période de plus de temps importante sur l’Oranie integrant le littoral ,nous avons élaboré une liste floristique pour les trois sites, regroupant les familles, les genres espèces, la strate et la répartition écologique des taxons que nous avons inclus dans le tableau.

شناز بن رابح, فطومة محاجية, نور الدين شعباني

كلية العلوم الاجتماعية والإنسانية-جامعة الجيلالي بونعامة - خميس مليانة · الجزائر

عرفت منطقة شرق افريقيا أيام الحكم العثماني ازدهارا كبيرا راجعا للاحتكاك المستمر بين السكان الأصليين والعنصر العربي، حيث عرف هذا الأخير بتأثيره الكبير في نشر معالم الدين الإسلامي والثقافة العربية وسط المجتمعات الافريقية، وقد ساهم في ذلك عدة شخصيات من علماء وتجار، من بينهم [حمد الدين المرجبي–تيبوتيب] التاجر العماني الذيبرزت حنكته في عمر مبكر، فقد نشأ في عائلة تجارية كبيرة التي ورث عنها الاسم والشغف، الأمر الذي هيأ له الطريق نحو مسيرته فانطلق من زنجبار ثم إلى ارض الأونيامونزي عبورا ببحيرة تنجانيقا ليصل الى حوض الكونغو ويؤسس فيها مملكته التي اكتسب بفضلها لقب الفاتح، و استطاع أنيخضع النفيها القبائل المعارضة ويقيم مملكة عربية ذات طابع إسلامي ذاع صيتها في القرن ال19، لكن ذلك لم يدم طويلا حين القت بلجيكا بأنظارها نحو الكونغو متطلعة هي بكسب ىالأخر مستعمرات في الخارج ومنافسة الدول الأوروبية وكسب وجود على المسرح العالمي.

Ahmed Mahgoub Saeid Mohammed , Ibrahim Mohammed Ahmed

كلية العلوم-جامعة الخرطوم · السودان

Zeolites and clays are the main materials for the Removal of hardness of water specially water used in industrial purposes. This water contains dissolved carbonates and bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium, and it was treated by certain concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 0.5, 1.00, M of bases such as KOH, NaOH. The study involved nine samples of clays collected from shammbat valley (Mavzouk), Hammad elneil, blue Nile avenue, white Nile avenue, the Nile avenue, and four types of clays which are named as jourdiqua collected from Abbry, Donngollah Suba East and Elbasabeer. These types of clays which were used in alkaline medium were successful in removal of water hardness, used in industries, to a large extent. For example Shammbat valley clay removed the hardness by 90% where Jourdiqua type from Elbasabeer and Suba they removed the water hardness by 100%, even when treated with low concentrations of bases such as 0.1 0.2M. These clays were analyzed by conventional methods, gravimetric and volumetric methods, for clays which were from Jourdiqua type contained Oxides as Fe2O3, Al2O3, MgO, CaO and SiO2 and Some cations such as K+ , Na+ with almost equal percentages. From X-Ray diffraction analysis those clays were found to contain some specific clays such as montmorillonite and kaolinite, illite and mixed layer, illite/montmorillonite, as table (26). The montmorillonite had the main role for hardness removal because of its high cation exchange capacity (CEC) relative to other clays. It was found from this study and from physical and chemical analysis, in addition to X-Ray diffraction analysis the ability of clays were in descending order. 1. Suba Jourdiqua clay. 2. Elbasabeer Jourdiqua clay. 3. Donngolah Jourdiqua clay. 4. Nile clay. 5. Abbry Jourdiqua clay. 6. Hammed Elneil clay. 7. White Nile Clay. 8. Blue Nile clay. 9. Shammbat valley clay