Ammar Selatnia, Fatima Doria Benmesbah, Yamina Tchoulak

المدرسة الوطنية المتعددة التقنيات - الجزائر · الجزائر

La présence de métaux lourds dans les eaux résiduaires a entraîné une préoccupation environnementale par les scientifiques et les ingénieurs. Un de ces métaux lourds est le cadmium, un métal non essentiels et toxiques pour les êtres vivants. Ce métal a de nombreuses applications dans divers procédés et opérations industriels. Les méthodes classiques d'élimination des métaux à partir des eaux usées sont généralement coûteuses et ont de nombreuses limitations, d'autres méthodes d'élimination des métaux lourds à l'aide de matériaux biologiques ont été considérés. Un certain nombre de micro-organismes comme les bactéries, les champignons, les levures, les Algues et les déchets agricoles, ont été étudiés dans la littérature pour leur capacité à éliminer le cadmium à partir de solutions aqueuses, ces micro-organismes peuvent retenir des quantités relativement élevées de métaux par des procédés passifs connus sous le nom biosorption.

Camille Georges Gaspard, Ayman Kayssi

كلية مارون سمعان للهندسة والعمارة-الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

Almost all portable devices such as laptops, palmtops, and smart phones are equi pped with built-in Web browsers. New mobile commerce (m-commerce) applications s uch as banking and mobile payments are becoming possible. Although the adoption of m-commerce

فاطمة الزهرة تلعيش, محمد العربي بن المسعود

كلية الآداب واللغات والفنون-جامعة زيان عاشور - الجلفة · الجزائر

سعينا من خلال هذا العمل الى الكشف عن حركية و سيرورة النموذج العاملي الذي يعتبر تقنية سردية تسمح لنا بتتبع مسار الشخوص في عالم الرواية المختارة "حائط المبكى " لعزالدين جلاوجي وضبط المسار و البرنامج السردي من رغبة و صراع في هذا العمل الروائي .

HUSSEIN IBRAHIM IBRAHIM, raymod brassier

كلية العلوم والأداب-الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

This thesis critically explores Rūḥullāh al-Khumaynī’s (1902–1989) theory of Wilāyat al-Faqīh (guardianship of the jurist), tracing its philosophical sources, and bringing to light its conceptual structure and implications. It presents al-Khumaynī’s argument on the necessity of establishing an Islamic government and his position on the correlation between religious and political authority. It highlights some of al-Khumaynī’s rationales for an Islamic social-critical philosophy and examines his aim in reconciling the relationship between theoretical and practical aspects of Islam. In doing so, it investigates al-Khumaynī’s religio-political vision and the social and political motivations that led him to theorize an Islamic government headed by the guardian jurist, or al-walī al-faqīh. The thesis attempts to answer the question of whether Wilāyat al-Faqīh should be considered as a philosophical, political, or jurisprudential theory.Traditionally, Wilāyat al-Faqīh has been viewed as a legalistic, jurisprudential, and theological notion. However, Wilāyat al-Faqīh can also be understood as a political-philosophical theory that is influenced by a long tradition of Islamic philosophy. I argue that this theory is a legitimate form of Islamic political philosophy. To substantiate this claim, I investigate the philosophical perspective of al-Khumaynī’s religio-political thought and examine the philosophical foundations of Wilāyat al-Faqīh. This entails an analysis of the existing genealogical relationship between Wilāyat al-Faqīh and the philosophical tradition of Islam. Therefore, I discuss how al-Khumaynī’s theory could be seen as a political extension of Mullā Ṣadrā’s (1572–1636) integrative epistemology, despite the fact that no explicit declaration to this effect was made by al-Khumaynī. In this context, I show how theoretical ontology and epistemology turned into practical politics in the hands of al-Khumaynī. I further show how the philosophical characteristics of Wilāyat al-Faqīh reflect the pragmatism of al-Khumaynī who integrated the “idealism” of al-Fārābī (Alpharabius) (870–950/1) and the “realism” of Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna) (980–1037).Through different examples from al-Khumaynī’s texts, I show how al-Khumaynī’s religio-political theory represents a synthesis of three epistemic trajectories: philosophical, mystical, and religious. In particular, I show how it reflects a deep conviction in the subtle concordance between rational and revealed sources of knowledge. Building on a variety of primary and secondary sources, I draw out what al-Khumaynī believes to be the goal of politics in his revolutionary thought and investigate the role of ontology in his religio-political theory. I further situate the philosophical characteristics of al-Khumaynī’s Wilāyat al-Faqīh in relation to its practical implications and political ramifications. In doing so, I locate the structure of the Islamic Revolution and Islamic Republic in contemporary political and philosophical debates. I further discuss al-Khumaynī’s extension of the theory of Wilāyat al-Faqīh in public affairs to the concept of the absolute guardianship of the jurist (al-wilāya al-muṭlaqa li-al-faqīh).The present thesis contributes to an understanding of the connections between Islamic philosophical tradition and al-Khumaynī’s religio-political theory of Wilāyat al-Faqīh. It paves the way for the construction of an original understanding of Islamic political philosophy and argues for its revival in the contemporary world in the hands of al-Khumaynī under what I call a “Transcendent Political Philosophy.”

فاطنة سرطوط, نجاة جدي

كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية-جامعة زيان عاشور - الجلفة · الجزائر

فاطيمة زهرة العشابي, عيسى منقوشي

كلية الاقتصاد والتجارة وعلوم التسيير-جامعة عين تموشنت - بلحاج شعيب · الجزائر

عبد الوهاب بن لطرش, نهى شيروف

كلية الحقوق-جامعة الاخوة منتورى - قسنطينة 1 · الجزائر

The amendment introduced by the Customs Law on the Algerian Customs Law, Law n°17-04 of February 16, 2017, presented a specificity in dealing with its subjects, especiallythose related to the methods of tax collection, which constitute the core of the economicmission, These methods, among others are considered as a natural extension of thetraditional tax function. Customs regulations, customs disputes, which are addressed bynatural and legal persons for the purpose of engaging in activities having a commercialnature in the context of goods movement through the national customs borders is bothentry and exit. The procedures set out in the provisions of the Customs Law are imposedon every goods import and export, and any violation of these procedures is considered as aviolation of legislation and customs regulation themselves, sinceitis the way how anorganized customs-economic crime of a material nature is created. Accordingly, thelegislator has directed all legal, physical and human tools to fight and suppress variousforms of corruption, especially those related to fraud and tax evasion, illegal competition,illegal import and export of good s affecting security public order and morals, smuggling,money laundering and transnational crime .direct and indirect criminally bility of these actsand the adoption of effective mechanisms within the framework of the process of generalcontrol and customs control -which are proven by the customs records ,the detention recordand the minutes of the inspection - to be the subject of customs disputes that will produce acriminal action aimedat applying public and penal sanctions .Thus, the protection of StateRight by customs debt collection which results from being carried out either by customsclearance or by customs constraint through judicial decisions : by the debtor’s moneyimplementation or his person–constraint by the body

Abdelaziz Henni Chebra , H. Ferdjani

كلية التكنولوجيا-جامعة سعد دحلب - البليدة · الجزائر

Le but de ce travail est l’étude d’une bande infinie contenant une fissure de Dugdale parallèle à ces frontières chargée en mode I. En utilisant les transformés de Fourier, les équations du problème élastique sont transformés analytiquement en une équation intégrale singulière de Cauchy du premier type. La résolution de cette équation intégrale se fait numériquement à l’aide des polynômes de Chebychev. A cause de la présence de discontinuités dans la distribution du chargement le long de lèvres de la fissure, les techniques de résolutions classiques ne sont pas applicables et doivent être modifiées. Nous calculons la variation de la contrainte appliquée avec la longueur de la fissure en faisant varier un certain nombre de paramètres du problème. Nous terminons par une comparaison entre les modèles de Dugdale et de Griffith. .

Abderrazzak Lama , Nabil Zougagh , Zakarya Bourourou

كلية التكنولوجيا-جامعة أبو بكر بلقايد - تلمسان · الجزائر

Parmi les éléments de réponse apportés par ce sujet de mémoire, les résultats les plusimportants à retenir restent la validation et la faisabilité du principe de la transductionthermique.A-partir de ces recherches, deux axes devront être améliorés. Le premier concerne laconception. Plusieurs paramètres conditionnent le fonctionnement du capteur, à partir d’unecombinaison entre ces paramètres et le circuit, on peut extraire un schéma électriqueéquivalent, qui permettra d’une part une miniaturisation de l’appareil, d’autre part, uneamélioration de l’interaction entre la chaleur et l’organe de mesure, et ainsi, une améliorationde la sensibilité.Le deuxième axe vise les simulations électriques et thermiques de la structure.L’utilisation de logiciels ISIS a permis une meilleure prise en compte du profil de la réponsethermique.Dans ce projet nous avons donc réussis à mesuré la température et visualisé le changementde cette dernière à laide d'un driver de barre graphes complet associé à des circuits intégrés,tel que le LM35DZ puis nous avons inséré un module de détection fait à partir d’un capteurde température et le LM3914.Enfin, ce projet nous a permis de mettre en oeuvre nos connaissances en électronique,espérons qui soit amélioré par d’autre gent.

Yusra Saleh Ali Al-Busaidiyah , Zahir Humaid Al-Attabi

كلية العلوم الزراعية والبحرية-جامعة السلطان قابوس · عمان

Honey is a supersaturated natural solution of sugars produced by bees from floral nectar. Throughout history, certain types of honey—especially monofloral varieties—have been valued for their unique flavor, medicinal properties, and cultural significance. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a key role in defining honey’s aroma and in identifying its botanical origin. Understanding the chemical composition and sensory characteristics of honey is essential for ensuring its quality and authenticity in the marketplace. In this study, six types of Omani honey (Sumer, Sidr, Luban, Eatam, Talh, and Rub’ Al-Khali) were analyzed for their physicochemical properties—including moisture, total soluble solids (TSS), ash, protein, sugars, pH, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and CIELAB color parameters—as well as their aroma profiles using an electronic nose (E-nose) and solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). This study represents the first attempt to analyze the headspace aroma profile of Omani honey. The physicochemical analysis showed that Rub’ Al-Khali honey had the highest moisture content (16.39%), while Talh honey exhibited the highest TSS (79.17 °Brix). Sumer honey showed the highest ash (1.18%), protein (1.77%), and total sugar content (65.27%). Sidr honey had the highest pH level (5.55). The highest HMF concentration was found in Talh honey (305.61 mg/kg), while HMF contents in all other honey samples were within the Gulf Standard Organization (GSO) recommended limit (0–44.37 mg/kg), confirming that the tested honeys were free from any heat treatment. All six honey types had moisture contents within the safe range for storage and consumption (14.39–16.39%) and pH values ranging from 2.97 to 5.55. Total sugar content exceeded 60% in all samples except Talh honey (59.67%). Based on CIELAB color analysis, all samples—except Talh honey—were classified as light-colored honey. Aroma profile analysis demonstrated the effectiveness of the E-nose in distinguishing between different honey types and classifying them into groups based on botanical origin. In E-nose analysis, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) provided better classification than Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Moreover, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) achieved an accurate classification rate of 91.11%. GC-MS analysis identified a total of 185 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with 31, 50, 42, 57, 45, and 126 VOCs detected in Sumer, Sidr, Eatam, Talh, Rub’ Al-Khali, and Luban honeys, respectively. While some VOCs were common across all samples—ten compounds were detected in every sample—several VOCs were unique to specific honey types, serving as potential markers. Notably, 71 compounds were found exclusively in Luban honey. These findings highlight the significant variation in aroma profiles associated with different floral sources. The observed differences underscore the critical role of botanical origin in shaping the sensory attributes of honey, contributing to a deeper understanding of honey quality and consumer preferences.