بركاني أعمر, تاجر محمد
كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية-جامعة مولود معمري - تيزي وزو · الجزائر
Jamal Abo Omar, Wael Halawa
كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة النجاح الوطنية · فلسطين
Raising sheep in Palestine is not only an economic or income generation activity, but also a distinctive trait, cultural and tradition of Palestinian people. Livestock production is an integral part of Palestine’s agricultural sector, which contributes up to 46% of total agricultural income. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of different suckling method on lamb’s growth performance and mortality rate.A total of 97 lambs were used in the study with lambing periods started from October 2020 to January 2021. Ewes’ parities were 1, 2 and 3. Directly after lambing, lambs were randomly distributed according to suckling method into three groups. First group, natural suckling where lambs suckle their mothers (G1, 39 lambs), second group lambs fed completely with milk replacer (G2, 29 lambs), and the third group fed milk replacer at rate of 4 times per day (G3, 29 lambs). Single lambs of G1 were (59%) and 41% twins. Lambs from first, second and third parity were 8, 21 and 28%, respectively.Single lambs of G2 were 62% while twin lambs were 38%. Lambs from first, second and third parties were 14, 48 and 38%, respectively. However, 69% of G3 were singles. Most of the singles (44%) and twins (21%) lambs were from the second parity. Same trend was for lambs of G2 and G3. After half an hour of lambing, lambs were isolated from their dams and placed in small wooden boxes provided by heaters and given colostrum twice daily. The natural suckling lambs (G1) were kept with their dams for free suckling until weaning at 60 days of age. However, the artificial suckling groups (G2) were isolated from dams and fed milk replacer adlibitum until weaning at 40 days of age. Lambs of the) G3(were isolated from mothers and took their milk replacer through automatic suckling machine 4 times a day half hour each time until weaning at 40 days. Results of this study showed that suckling method had no effect (P>0.05) on weaning weight at age at 40 and 60 days of single lambs. Weaning weights at 40 d were 13.7, 12.83 and 13 kg for lambs in G1, G2 and G3, respectively. The rate of mortality was affected (P0.05) on total weight gain and average daily gain of lambs. Also, mortalities were not affected by these parameters. Sex of lambs and suckling method had no effect (P>0.05) on total weight gain and the average daily gain. Lambs total gain and average daily gain were not affected (P>0.05) by numbers of ewe’s parity. Significant cost effect (P<0.05) were observed by feeding milk replacer to suckling lambs. Cost of milk per lamb was reduced from 120 to 40 USD. It was concluded that significant reduction will be achieved through feeding milk replacers to suckling lambs. However, these reductions are expected from the saving in milk expenses and the significant decrease of lamb’s mortality rate. We recommend to use milk replacer in manage of newborn lambs.
Rawia Siddig Mohammed, Wegdan Yagoub M.Sherif
كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة السودان للعلوم والتكنولوجيا · السودان
The book of “Audit” includes the examination of regulatory systems, data and documents and accounting books of institution or organization in a systematic examination to be identical with the specifications and standards that are recognized globally. The translator has translated the pages from (1 to 40) , transferring all the contents of these pages in accurate and smooth language. intake in Chapter One introduction to the audit and stages of development and objectives and the difference between auditing and accounting, also intake in Chapter Two the types of auditing through different perspective, also intake the difference between internal audit and external audit, and in Chapter Three he has been touched the errors and fraud that happened in the process of accounting and the causes of this, and indicate types of fraud and arease of committing.
محمد رضا أزرو, هجيرة دنوني
كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية-جامعة أبو بكر بلقايد - تلمسان · الجزائر
يعد الرضا من أهم أركان العقد فلا يكون صحيحا ولايرتب آثاره إلا بتوافره ويتم التعبير عنه إما بمجرد تبادل الأشياء أو التصافح أو بالكتابة إذ تعتبر هذه الأخيرة الوسيلة الأكثر إستعمالا لكونها تحفظ حقوق الأطراف المتعاقدة وتكون حجة في حال وقوع نزاع . تكون هذه الكتابة إما على شكل ورقة رسمية أو عرفية إلا أنه وفي جميع الأحوال يجب أن تذيل في الأخير بتوقيع الأطراف
Louhab Fergani, Yamina Bouras
كلية العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة عبد الرحمان ميرة - بجاية · الجزائر
Cette étude porte sur " l'impact de la connexion aux réseaux sociaux sur le rendement scolaire des adolescents lycéens candidats au bac ". Elle a pour objectif d'explorer, de comprendre l'utilisation des réseaux sociaux et son impact sur le rendement scolaire de ces élèves. Nous avons mené notre recherche au niveau de l'unité de dépistage et de suivi au sein de lycée " Technicum Salhi Hocine " situé à Bejaïa, auprès de soixante-huit élèves. Pour réaliser cette étude, nous avons eu recours à la méthode quantitative descriptive corrélationnelle et la méthode qualitative, l'étude de cas. Les outils de recherche que nous avons utilisé dans l'élaboration de ces deux dernières ; concernant, la première le recueil des données est menée à l'aide d'un questionnaire "Internet Addiction Test " de K. Young, et la seconde est menée à l'aide d'un entretien semi-directif. Les résultats de cette recherche ont révélé qu'il existe bien une influence de natures positive et négative de la connexion aux réseaux sociaux sur le rendement scolaire des adolescents lycéens candidats au bac, cette influence peut avoir une incidence de natures réussite et aussi échec à l'examen du baccalauréat en fonction de la présence ou d'absence d'un suivi familiale et celui de l'institution scolaire
زينب محمد رضا عبد الرسول , زهراء علي ناصر , سجاد عامر حمزه
كلية الهندسة-جامعة كربلاء · العراق
This research aims to investigate the structural behavior of arched steel beams with and without web circular openings, strengthened and non-strengthened using steel stiffeners. For this purpose, experimental and numerical work was implemented. The experimental work included testing seven simply supported arched I-shape compact steel section beams under two concentrated and symmetrical loading. The beams were categorized into two groups, in addition to an additional beam without openings as a control beam. The first group consisted of three arched beams with different numbers of non-strengthened circular openings in various locations. On the other hand, the second group consisted of another three arched beams with circular openings strengthened by steel stiffeners. The studied parameters were: the existence of circular opening, location of the opening, number of openings and strengthening effect using steel stiffeners. The experimental results for the first group revealed that creating openings at the mid-span decrease the ultimate load capacity by (12.5%) while edge openings had minimal effect on ultimate strength, nearly 9%, if compared with reference beam without opening. Furthermore, decreases in the horizontal displacement of the specimens were observed by about (9 to 33%), and (19 to 32%) in vertical mid span deflection, when compared with the control beam. In contrast, the reductions in the ultimate loads for the second group were nearly (8 to 11%), while the decreases in the horizontal displacement were (9 to 29 %) and (12 to 29%) for vertical mid span deflection when compared with the reference beam. Moreover, strengthening the openings’ region by steel stiffeners slightly increased the ultimate strength by nearly (1% to 3%) if compared with the non-strengthened beams.Non-linear finite element analysis was performed using ABAQUS program to compare with experimental work and studying the effect of new parameter: opening diameter, openings number, opening shape, steel yielding stress, adding stiffeners, arched beam radius, support type and effect of strengthening using steel stiffeners around the opening. There was a reasonable convergence between the experimental and numerical results in terms of the ultimate load, maximum deformations, load-deformation curves, and mode of failure. The average difference in the ultimate load, the maximum horizontal displacement and the maximum vertical midspan deflection found to be equaled to 1.97%, 5.13% and 22.66% respectively.Furthermore, the results obtained from the numerical analysis of the arched beams revealed that the ultimate failure loads decreased by nearly (2 to 21%) as the opening diameter at the middle web increases from (50 to 125mm) respectively. On the other hand, the ultimate failure load of the arched beams with openings near the supports decreased by about 26% when the diameter increased to 125mm in comparison with the control beam. Besides, the results revealed that the increase in the steel yielding stress increased the ultimate load capacity for all types of beams, in which the ultimate strengths of the arched beam without opening and arched beam with middle opening reached to (153.36, 142.2KN), respectively at experimental yielding stress (333 Mpa for the web and 340 Mpa for the flange) and decreased by about 24% at 248 MPa and increased by about (10% and 36%) at (360 Mpa and 450 MPa) respectively . Furthermore, increasing the radius of the arched beams (i.e. using 537.3, 797.5 and ∞ mm radii) caused a decrease in their ultimate load capacity and the stiffness. In addition, adding steel stiffeners at the maximum bending moment and maximum shear zones increased the ultimate failure load of the arched beams by (0.75%, 1.8%, 2.29%, 7.60%) when using 2, 4, 6 and 9 stiffeners, respectively at both sides of the beam if compared with the arched beam without added stiffeners.
علياء حسين حسين
الجامعة التكنولوجية · العراق
Lina I. ElAjouz, Iman Osta
مدرسة الآداب والعلوم-الجامعة اللبنانية الأميركية · لبنان
Researchers argue that one of the main aims of mathematics education is to develop students’ abilities to solve a wide range of complex problems. Thus, advocates of the reformed movements in mathematics education constantly research various methods which ought to enhance the ability to be a good problem solver. The current research explores the effectiveness of using problem posing as a teaching strategy to enhance students’ problem solving abilities. It also tries to determine the effects of such a strategy on students with originally different achievement level. This is accomplished by using a mixed-method research design for data collection and analysis, consisting of an experimental study comparing two groups of grade-8 students, a control group and an experimental group. A pretest and a post-test are administered to both groups to determine the level of improvement after the study. The study evaluates the performance of students in these tests, according to a problem solving rubric which targets four main problem solving abilities: “understand a problem”, “use information appropriately”, “apply appropriate procedures/ representation”, and “answer a problem”. On the other hand, clinical interviews are conducted with a selected sample consisting of three pairs from each group at different levels of achievement, then qualitatively analyzed to explore the effect of problem posing activities on students’ problem solving abilities. The study shows that students who were subject to problem posing activities demonstrated more improvement than students who were subject to the usual method of solving word problems. The researcher also concludes that the average- and high- math achieving students were the most affected by the problem posing activities. Students who were subject to the problem posing activities were more successful in problems that require logical thinking and reasoning. On the other hand, students in the control group were more successful in problems of procedural nature. Regarding the assessed problem solving abilities, the whole sample, and in particular the high-achieving group, revealed a significant improvement in the ability to “understand a problem”. The study concludes with recommendations for further research on the use of problem posing strategies at the intermediate level, with larger samples and more time dedicated for the implementation.
إسماعیل خلیفي , الطاهر بريكي
معهد علوم وتقنيات النشاطات البدنية والرياضية-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر
أهداف الدراسة:معرفة العلاقة بين دور بحوث التسويق وخدمات المؤسسات الرياضية.التطرق لأهم بحوث التسويق وكيفية استغلالها من طرف إدارة المؤسسات الرياضية.معرفة مدى إجراء الدراسات والبحوث التسويقية في المؤسسات والمؤسسة الرياضية الجزائرية.منهج الدراسة:المنهج الوصفيـمجتمع وعينة الدراسة: تكون مجتمع بحثنا من 30 مسير وإداري بالمؤسسات الرياضيةاساليب جمع البيانات: الاستبياننتائج الدراسة:إن ما تعانيه الرياضة في الجزائر ممثلة بالمؤسسات الرياضية والمنشآت الرياضية وما تواجهه من تحديات قد لا تكونقادرة على مواجهتها إذا لم تقم بإعادة تقييم جذرية لمجمل أوضاعها، ومن ما تعانيه هو غياب التسويق الرياضي وعدماستغلاله.فالتسويق بمثابة الحصان الذي يجر عربة المؤسسة، فمن الضروري إدراك أهمية التسويق الرياضي ودوره الهام، فالتسويقالرياضي عملية شاملة ومستمرة تقوم على أساس المساهمة بالشكل المطلوب وعلى أساس سليم ومقبول من وجهة نظرالسوق والمستهلك.الاقتراحات والفرضيات المستقبلية:استغلال التسويق الرياضي من أجل زيادة الإيرادات المالية وتحسين نشاط المؤسسات والمنشآتالرياضية.إنشاء إدارة أو لجنة للتسويق الرياضي في المؤسسات الرياضية.تأهيل الكوادر في مجال التسويق الرياضي.التوعية بأهمية التسويق في الوسط الرياضي.
سليمة عاشوري, عبد الحاكم حمادي
كلية العلوم الاجتماعية والإنسانية-جامعة غرداية · الجزائر
تناولت هذه الدراسة موضوع الوكالة في الأحوال الشخصية _نموذجا _ الطلاق _ دراسة مقارنة بين الشريعة والقانون، فبعد الكشف عن تعريفات البحث التي تكمل في الوكالة والأحوال الشخصية والطلاق ومقارنتها بين الشريعة والقانون، وتعرفنا على ألفاظ ذات الصلة بالوكالة والوكالة في الطلاق وتطرقنا لنشأة مصطلح الأحوال الشخصية للتعرف أكثر وفهم مصدره، ومن ثم رأينا مشروعية الوكالة والطلاق وأنواعهما للتعمق وفهم الموضوع أكثر للقارئ، وبعدها تطرقنا إلى صلب الموضوع الوكالة في الطلاق مقارنة داخلية بين الشريعة والقانون، ورأينا آراء العلماء من مشروعيتها في الجانب الفقهي والقانوني، والألفاظ التي تتم بها الوكالة في الطلاق وكيف تتم الوكالة في الطلاق، ومن ثم تناولت أنواع الوكالة، ورأينا مسألة توكيل المرأة والصبي والذمي بالطلاق ،وتعرفنا عن وكالة الأجنبي كيف تكون ألفاظها إما صريحة أو كناية، وتعرفنا كيف تكون نهاية الوكالة في الطلاق وكيف يتم الرجوع عنها، و رأينا أن جانب الشريعة هو الأوضح من ناحية الدلائل و المشروعية والأشمل لرؤية موضوعنا بنظرة مفهومة ومعمقة أكثر و كيف أعطاه مكانة .
