Omar Amoudi, Nisrin Alkafri

كلية الهندسة المدنية-جامعة دمشق · سوريا

The present situation of the business growth nowadays, imposes on the construction companies to meet the challenges that they are facing. As quality is one of the factors for competitiveness between companies, this required from the company to be unique in its services and products and this could be achieved by giving the quality the priority in its projects. Furthermore, measuring the cost of quality is needed for the purpose of achieving quality, gaining the customer satisfaction, and the continual improvement in line with lower costs and savings for the company. The concept of cost of quality is still new and not used in construction companies due to the belief that allocating a specific budget for the quality will increase the overall cost of the project. Almost, there is a lack of an effective system for evaluating the cost of quality in construction projects in Syria and other Arabic countries. This absence leads to considerable losses for companies and the national economy at large. This research seeks to contribute in treating this problem by introducing a study highlighting the Prevention, Appraisal and Failure model (PAF model) and to identify the main elements determining cost of quality in building projects in order to help decision makers in understanding the main elements of quality cost and producing their strategies based on these elements. Two data collection tools (questionnaire survey and interview) were employed in this study. The outcomes of the exploratory survey discovered the important quality cost elements that affect evaluating the cost of quality in their projects. Moreover, measuring the cost of quality has positive effects on both projects and companies, and improves the image of the company, as measuring the cost of quality will lead to decrease the total cost of projects and will subsequently lead to increase companies’ profits.

Bouharket Benaissa, Sara Djelloul Benelhadj, Senia Riane

كلية الرياضيات وعلوم الحاسب-جامعة ابن خلدون – تيارت · الجزائر

objectif de ce travail est de présenter quelques résultats d’articles scientifiques internationaux sur les inégalités intégrales de paramètre négatif. Toutes les inégalités intégrales étudiées sont considérées dans l’espace de Lebesgue Lp, où p < 0. Les techniques utilisées sont les propriétés du calcul intégral, le Théorème de Fubuni, l’inégalité inverse de Hölder et les fonctions monotones. Ce mémoire est composée d’un préliminaire et de trois chapitres

Elmouafek Elkali, Imane Achour, Nouredine Merniz

كلية العلوم-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر

Dans cette étude nous avons essayé de connaitre les problèmes de dégradation de l’écosystème steppique situé dans la région de Sidi Ameur (tamsa), pour cela, nous avons étudié le rendement des méthodes utilisées pour la fixation des dunes sableuses. Cependant, nous avons constaté que le projet de stabilisation du sable a été un grand succès. Les espèces végétales ; Tamarix gallicaet Retamaretam se sont bien développées et ont joué un rôle important tandis que Acacia salignan’a pas pu s’acclimater dans la région

Madjda Dali-Youcef, Okacha Chaif, Zakia Litim Sahi

كلية العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة أبو بكر بلقايد - تلمسان · الجزائر

Achouak Bouchellig, Abdelhak Mokhtari

كلية الرياضيات والاعلام الآلي-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر

The objective of our work is to study the Hardy inequality, Then we try to apply it to the following elliptic linear problem −∆u = γux2 + f(x) in Ωu = 0 on ∂Ωwhere f ∈ L2(Ω), 0 ∈ Ω, γ is a real parameter.To prove that it admits a unique weak solution by using Lax Milligram theorem.Then we have the following some elliptic problems involving Hardy potential −∆u = γu|x|2 + f(x,u) in Ωu = 0 on ∂Ωwhere Ω ⊂ RN (N > 2) be open and bounded, 0 ∈ Ω,γ is a real parameter.Where we study the existence at least non-trivial weak solution using Mountain-Passtheorem, that is the associated functional Jγ admits at least a non trivial critical point.We present the following a class of Kirchhoff type problem involving Hardy type potentials −M(RΩ |∇u|2dx)∆u =µx2 a(x)u + λf(x,u) in Ωu = 0 on ∂Ωwhere Ω ⊂ RN (N ≥ 3) is bounded domain with smooth boundary ∂Ω, 0 ∈ Ω,M : R+0 → R is continuous and increasing function with R+0:= [0,+∞), the functiona : Ω → R may change sign, λ is positive parameter,0 ≤ µ < 1CN,2, where CN,2 =2N−2 2is optimal constant in the Hardy Inequality.

Mutaman Ali A. Kehail , عبيد الله محمد عبيد الله علي, بدرية بابكر السيد

معهد النيل الأزرق للأمراض المجتمعية‎-جامعة الجزيرة-جامعة الجزيرة · السودان

Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) represent a major public health problem in the world, especially sub-Saharan Africa, including Sudan. Among insects, mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), are the most important group in the transmission of several human diseases, including malaria, yellow fever, dengue, encephalitis and filariasis. The goal of this study to identify mosquito larval habitats in urban, rural and island areas of Dongola locality, Northern State, Sudan, identify the mosquito species found in the areas, determine the different breeding habitats and estimate the larval density for each habitat, during April 2015 to March 2016 in three selected areas; urban, rural and island. The study areas were Aldarga althaltha, Sortod and Magaser. Larvae were collected from any positive breeding habitats and taken to the laboratory, killed and preserved in 70% ethanol and mounted for identification by microscope. A total of 338 aquatic habitats were sampled throughout the study period; about 235 (69.5%) were positive breeding habitats. A total of 1418 mosquito larvae were collected from different larval habitats, 41.1% were identified as A. arabiensis, 30.4% as C. quinquefasciatus, and 28.5% as C. univittatus. About 14 different types of mosquito breeding habitats were found in the study area. The highest frequency of A. arabiensis habitats were brick work pool (77.8%), irrigation channel (75%), and broken pipe (40.9). For Culex species habitats were bird container (80%) and septic tanks (73.1%). Man-made mosquito breeding habitats recorded the highest proportion in the urban area, while the natural habitats were the highest in rural and island areas. Outdoor mosquito breeding habitats recorded the highest proportion from positive habitats in the rural and island areas, while indoor breeding habitats were the highest proportion in the urban area. The highest density of A. arabiensis was in September to November, and highest density of Culex spp was in September in the rural and island areas, and between November to March in the urban areas. Water current, water depth, presence of light, pH and vegetation, were the principal factors associated with mosquito species larval occurrence in the habitats. It is recommended to conduct more studies about mosquito in the area, especially Culex species and its medical importance in diseases, because a few studies were conducted there. Larval source management is an appropriate way to control mosquitoes. Pesticides usage in the area, especially in the agricultural activities, needs to improve their management, especially after increasing agricultural investments in the state, to avoid development of resistance in public health insects.

Faiza Abdelraheem Ali Mohammed, Awad Abdalla Adlan

كلية الدراسات العليا-جامعة السودان للعلوم والتكنولوجيا · السودان

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the dose calibrators that are used in Royal Care International Hospital (Khartoum State). The study was conducted in the nuclear medicine department in the period from July to November 2017. Quality control tests including precision, linearity, and geometrical dependency were performed using 99mTc source. To check the short term reproducibility of the dose calibrator, a standard source of 99mTc with an activity of (91 mCi) was measured ten times with a mean reading of (90.4 mCi), (±0.294).For determination of linearity 7 readings were made to standard source of 99mTc with activity of (190 mCi) at intervals up to 45 hoursGeometric dependence testing was carried out by four syringes with different volumes, using standard source of Tc99m with activity of (2.60 mCi) and measured four times with a mean reading of (2.59 mCi), (±0.005).Results obtained have been compared with the international standard (±5%) and the results showed that the dose calibrator has good performance and there is no need for any correction tables or factors or maintenance for the time being.

أزهار فاروق عبد الزهرة, انتصار عليوي

كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة (ابن الهيثم)-جامعة بغداد · العراق

Mohamed Abdel Haleem Siddig, Mutasim Mohamed Yassin Ali

كلية الزراعة-جامعة الخرطوم · السودان

A survey was conducted on plant parasitic nematodes associated with various plant species in Shambat area. The roots of randomly collected plants were examined for nematode infection. Eggplant (Solenum melongena), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), banana (Musa sp.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and Ixora (Ixora spp.) were found to be more susceptible to the nematode, while pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima), Broad bean (Vicia faba), Panax (Polycias spp.) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) were found to be less susceptible. However, jasmine (Jasmine spp.), purslane (Portulaca oleracea) wheat (Triticum aestivum), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), limon (Citrus limon) and guava (Psidium guajava) were found free of root-knot nematode infection, bassed on gall indices used for assessing susceptibility. Perineal pattern was found to be a suitable technique for identification of the adult female of the root-knot nematode. The life cycle of M. incognita form egg to adult was completed in 27 to 29 days under Shambat conditions and observation the development stages and described photographically. The results obtained from the pathogenicity of M. incognita and the response of 4 families, Three crops represented each family. Our findings showed that the family solanaceae was highly susceptible while cucurbitaceae was intermediate, malvaceae and leguminosae were found less susceptible. The eggplant, tomato, were highly susceptible, while snake cucumber, squash, pumpkin and okra were intermediate in their susceptibility, and less susceptible reactions were noted on cotton, broad bean, and cow pea. The obtained results showed that the roots green pepper, roselle and garden pea was found free of galls of infection. Then effects of furadan and neem seed powder applied to soil at various concentrations against M. incognita infecting eggplant (long purple), all treatments were highly significant in reducing gall numbers, and increase plant height and root length. Furadan gave better results than NSP was decreasing the number of root galls. NSP was found to be slightly better than the furadan in increasing of the test plant height and root length.

Djalal Eddine Khodja, Yakoub Abdelkebir, Younes Mahdi

كلية العلوم-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر

Les moteurs asynchrones sont considérés comme l'élément principal des systèmes électriques et sont toujours sujets à des défauts soudains qui conduisent à leur arrêt et donc à l'arrêt de tous les équipements électriques. Il est impératif que nous travaillions pour trouver le défaut rapidement et le réparer. Dans ce travail, nous identifierons les types de pannes de moteurs asynchrones et établirons un système de diagnostic de pannes basé sur l'intelligence artificielle « logique floue » en étudiant le signal des courants statoriques et en l'analysant en le comparant à la valeur efficace du courant dans le état normal, puis implémenter ce système sur le circuit reconfigurable FPGA. Ce système, qui permettrait de localiser le défaut rapidement et donc de faciliter la maintenance.