Leila Madani , Ratiba Derriche

المدرسة الوطنية المتعددة التقنيات - الجزائر · الجزائر

Ce travail consiste à valoriser une plante médicinale algérienne 'l’inule visqueuse’. Un balayage de la variabilité chimique des extraits de cette plante obtenus par les différentes techniques séparatives conventionnelles ainsi que récentes a révélé l’existence des divergences en quantité et en qualité des extraits. Ces dernières semblent être affectées aussi par l’origine de la plante et de son cycle végétatif. L’extraction par le CO2 supercritique a montré une supériorité en termes de rendement par rapport à l’extraction par l’eau sous critique, l’hydrodistillation et l’entrainement à la vapeur. L’extrait obtenu par les techniques innovantes est riche en tomentosin tandis que l’acide isocostique domine la composition des huiles essentielles issues des méthodes classiques.L‘impact de quelques paramètres technologiques sur la vitesse d’extraction par le CO2 supercritique a été étudié visant la compréhension des mécanismes mis en jeu. A cet effet la pression et la température ont manifesté un effet positif sur le rendement, par contre l’effet de la taille des particules solides et le débit du CO2 est négatif. L’application des différents modèles mathématiques sur les cinétiques d’extraction par le CO2 supercritique a été effectué en vue d’une part de choisir le modèle approprié qui décrit au mieux notre système et d’autre part identifier les phénomènes de transfert de matière régissant l’extraction par le CO2 supercritique. Les résultats ont révélé l’influence des équilibres des phases pour la première étape de la cinétique d’extraction et l’importance du transfert de matière interne lors de la phase finale de la cinétique de cette technique de séparation. Des tests de l’activité biologiques sur quelques extraits obtenus ont montré le pouvoir antibactérien et antifongique de cette plante.

Gariti Mohamed, صبرينة قفصي

جامعة مولود معمري - تيزي وزو · الجزائر

This modest research paper deals with cultural differences and immigrant encounter as it ispropounded in Henry James’s novel The Portrait of a Lady (1881) and within JaneCampion’s movie The Portrait of a Lady 1996. As a theoretical framework, it relies on HomiBhabha postmodern theory as it is developed in The Location of Culture (2004). Culturaldifference is the first theoretical concept which is deployed in order to demonstrate thecultural obstacles James’s American characters encounter in the European context. Theforeignness of the languages is the second concept used in order to explain how the foreignlanguage elicits the immigrants (James’s characters) racist fantasies. Benedict Anderson’stheory Imagined Communities (1991) is also referred to since it represents an authentictheoretical background that clarifies my perspective. His concept which is named culturalroots is reliable to explain how James’s American characters meet the so called classicalEuropean languages. This dissertation also exposes Campion’s attitudes through heradaptation of The Portrait of a Lady 1996. The latter deals with the revelation of past worldsatrocities via the female character. It also consists of a psychoanalytic examination of thebehaviors of the characters as it is interpreted by Freud and as it is reconsidered byFeminists attitudes. The two perspectives are approached under the umbrella of thetheoretical framework of Josephine Donovan The Feminist Theory (1992). Leaning onCultural Feminism and Freudianism, those sections have revealed the traditionalconservative kinship system that has kept women under subjugation. It is also a starting pointfor interpreting and exposing Campion’s Reflecsive Nostalgia. Relying on Donovan’s TheNew Feminist Moral Vision, this work has critically exposed her moral visions that tend toelicit the elite as well as the ordinary spectator’s mind to sympathize with past worlds inorder to construct a harmonious modern world.

خديجة حاج سعد, دلال وشن , وهيبة هبيته

كلية الآداب واللغات-جامعة الشهيد حمة لخضر - الوادي · الجزائر

تنطلق الكتابات اللسانية التداولية بمختلف اتجاهاتها ومفاهيمها من نظرة خاصة إلى التراث اللغوي، تستند في عمومها على قضية التأثر بالمناهج اللسانية الغربية كالبنيوية والتوليدية والتلفظيّة وغيرها، وذلك لإعادة تلك القضايا بثوب جديد تستجيب لروح العصر الحديث، وتسليط الضوء على قضايا المتكلم واستعمال اللغة أثناء التخاطب.وقد جاء هذا البحث خدمة لهذا الهدف الاجرائي؛ من خلال التطرق بالعرض والتحليل لجهود اثنين من هؤلاء اللسانيين التداوليين العرب، الذين لا يختلف اثنين في تميّزهما في حقل البراغماتيك أو التداولية ، وهما العلامة أبو اللسانيات "عبد الرحمان الحاج صالح" ورائد الاتجاه التداولي "طه عبد الرحمان" ونظرتهما لقضايا المتكلم الذي نحن بصدد دراسته في هذه الرسالة الموسومة بـ: "المتكلم لدى طه عبد الرحمان وعبد الرحمان الحاج صالح من خلال كتابيهما اللسان والميزان أو التكوثر العقلي، والخطاب والتخاطب في نظرية الوضع والاستعمال دراسة تداولية مقارِنة

سميرة بلطرش, ماریة علي صوشة

كلية العلوم الاقتصادية والتجارية وعلوم التسيير-جامعة محمد بوضياف - المسيلة · الجزائر

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة دور المراجعة الداخلية في تفعيل نظام الرقابة الداخلية، قمنا أولا بتقديم الجانب النظري للدراسة بالتعرض لمفهوم المراجعة الداخلية، أهدافها، خطواتها، ومعاييرها، كما تطرقنا لمفهوم نظام الرقابة الداخلية، أهدافه، أنواعه، ومقوماته، و أبرزنا دور المراجعة الداخلية في تقييم نظام الرقابة الداخلية وبالإضافة إلى أساليب التقييم والعلاقة بين المراجعة الداخلية والرقابة الداخلية. وكمحاولة منا لإسقاط الجانب النظري على المركب الصناعي التجاري الحضنة بالمسيلة، اعتمادا على المقابلات والملاحظات الشخصية، تم التوصل إلى أن المراجعة الداخلية تساهم في تفعيل نظام الرقابة الداخلية من خلال تقييم أنظمة الرقابة الداخلية لاكتشاف نقاط قوتها وضعفها وبالتالي مدى فعاليتها

Sayad Amira, T.Hamaizia

كلية العلوم الدقيقة وعلوم الطبيعة والحياة-جامعة العربي بن مهيدي - أم البواقي · الجزائر

Dans ce mémoire, nous avons présenté différentes méthodes de résolution des problèmes d'optimisation déterministe. Dans le cas où le problème est unidimensionnel c'est-à-dire la fonction objectif à une seule variable ces problèmes sont relativement faciles à résoudre. Mais la difficulté deviennent beaucoup plus considérables lorsqu'on besoin du minimum global pour le problème multidimensionnel c'est à dire d'une fonction à plusieurs variables.Le but assigné à ce mémoire consiste à appliquer les méthodes de Gradient, Dichotomie et Section Dorée dans le but de maximiser la puissance générée pour avoir un bon rendement du système photovoltaïque.

داليا حسن عبدالواحد, علي مجيد ياسين

كلية الآداب -جامعة ذي قار-جامعة ذي قار · العراق

Hakim Bensabra, Sara Araidj

كلية العلوم والتكنولوجيا-جامعة محمد الصديق بن يحيى - جيجل · الجزائر

Le présent travail s’intéresse à l’étude de l’efficacité inhibitrice d’un composécommercial sur le comportement.Toutes les techniques électrochimiques utilisées (voltampérométrie cyclique,les courbes de polarisation, impédance électrochimique , la gravimétrie, le Ph et ledosage des ions ferreux) confirment l’agressivité de la saumure (solution salin) et sonteffet néfaste sur le comportement à la corrosion des tubings en acier ordinaire utilisésdans le forage des puits de pétrole et l’inhibiteur Save Corr permet de réduire le tauxde corrosion de l’acier avec un rendement ne dépasse pas 21% donc il n’est passuffisant pour assurer la protection fiable de tubing.

سوزان نبيل عباس فيده, شبير أحمد حكيم

جامعة عفت · السعودية

This thesis aims to investigate the investors risk aversion level in the Saudimarket by identifying the degree of impact for seven key determinants that are broadlycategorized under economic and financial indicator.Methodology- Using vector autoregression model (VAR) to estimate the impact on thedegree of investor risk aversion market in the Saudi Market through capturinginterdependencies among the following multiple time series; (1) stock market returns, (2)volatility index, (3) country political risk, (4) oil prices, (5) Federal funds rate, (6) realGDP, and (7) public debt. The model uses data with monthly frequency for 13 years,January 2006 - December 2019, and uses stock returns as the proxy for the risk aversion.Findings- The primary findings of the study are as follows: (1) only oil prices hadsignificant influence on the risk aversion degree using (VAR); (2) all responses to shockslast around two months in the market; (3) the investors will have “ flight-to quality”response to shocks in stock market; (4) the investor risk aversion degree in Saudi market islargely independent of the other variables; and (5) when applying ARDL, Federal fundsrate had significantly high influence on risk aversion proxy.

Sgouris Sgouridis, Brian Warshay

جامعة خليفة · الامارات

The aviation sector is and will continue to be dependent upon high energy density liquid fuels. These fuels are typically derived from fossil sources that emit previously sequestered carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when combusted, contributing to anthropogenic global warming. The depletion of easily accessible oil resources is leading to exploitation of higher lifecycle emission intensity fossil fuels like heavy oils and tar sands. As a result, the development of lower carbon intensity, more sustainable, liquid fuel alternatives for aviation is essential for maintaining the sector's growth to meet global mobility needs without increasing its environmental impact. Fuels derived from numerous biomass feedstocks can provide drop-in liquid fuels that have the potential to be more sustainable alternatives to fossil derived sources. A life cycle assessment of a biofuel's entire production system, from planting to combustion, to evaluate its life cycle greenhouse gas emissions, net energy balance, water consumption, resource use, and other environmental impacts is necessary to establish its true sustainability potential. An Integrated Seawater Agriculture System (ISAS) on desert land using primarily seawater for irrigation has the potential to produce more sustainable aviation biofuels when compared to fossil and other biofuel sources. Despite a wide range of uncertainty due to the untested nature of the ISAS operations in Abu Dhabi, the jet fuel produced from the ISAS emits only 5 to 45 percent of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions released from the production of conventional fossil Jet-A fuel, even without considering the long-term subsurface carbon sequestration potential from cultivating desert land. This study presents a sustainability assessment that uses a novel life cycle tool to evaluate the production greenhouse gas emissions, net energy balance, and environmental risks of an ISAS for biofuel production in UAE conditions.

Baian Mohammad Abu Fkheidah , Amneh Badran, Omar Rahal

كلية الدراسات العليا-الجامعة العربية الأمريكية · فلسطين

The study aimed at introducing the possibilities of development under the Israeli occupation. The National Policy Agenda (NPA) 2017/2022 was included as a model, and the study has adopted qualitative methodology and a descriptive analytical approach. Interviews were used as a study tool, as interviews were conducted with 10 specialists and researchers in political, economic and social affairs in Palestine.The study has concluded a set of results, the most important of which are: Politically: the Israeli occupation is deemed a major obstacle to the entire development process in Palestine, particularly in the light of its control of the so-called Area “C” which constitutes about 61% of the West Bank area. Such a classification of the Palestinian territories has impeded the launch of the developmental projects in Area “C”, in addition to the control matrix and violations committed by the occupation such as land confiscation, prohibiting money entry, tax seizure such as the clearance tax money, frequent closures, preventing access of construction materials, bulldozing agricultural land and controlling water. The Palestinian political split has also weakened the National Policy Agenda implementation and affected the Gaza Strip and its participation in policy formulation and implementation. In addition, the absence of elections and the Legislative Council is a sufficient reason for the government performance regression, including the ability to implement and evaluate development plans. The study results have also shown that there are economic reasons hindered the implementation of the National Policy Agenda as well as the entire development in Palestine, such as economic dependence weak Palestinian local structure, weak civil society organizations and business incubators. Furthermore, the study affirmed the presence of social challenges that hinder the NPA implementation such as the weak participation of women and youth in the Agenda’sVIIplanning and implementation, with emphasis that the political and economic instability has helped in the survival and aggravation of social problems such as poverty and unemployment. It is not a secret that the results of the Covid-19 pandemic included freezing various projects and activities.The study recommended that the Palestinian government should provide a legal and legislative environment for the implementation and protection of development projects, not a repulsive environment, and should protect the democratic and legal institutions and activate the Palestinian Legislative Council for achieving power balance in the occupied Palestine..