خالد بعاشي, صعبة عبدالغاني, هويوة عيسى

معهد العلوم الاقتصادية والتجارية وعلوم التسيير-المركز الجامعي المقاوم الشيخ امود بن مختار- إليزي · الجزائر

في ظل التطورات المتسارعة في مجال التكنولوجيا، أصبح الذكاء الاصطناعي من أبرز الأدوات التي تُحدث تحولًا جذريًا في مختلف القطاعات، لا سيما في مجال التدقيق الخارجي، حيث يُعد إدماج تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي في هذا المجال أمرًا بالغ الأهمية لما له من دور محوري في دعم وتحسين جودة وفعالية مهنة التدقيق. وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى إبراز أثر استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في تحسين أداء المدققين الخارجيين من خلال الاعتماد على أنظمة مثل التعلم الآلي، ومعالجة اللغة الطبيعية، والنظم الخبيرة، وغيرها من الأدوات التي تسهم في التقليل من الأخطاء، وكشف حالات التلاعب، وتحليل البيانات الضخمة بكفاءة أكبر. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة، تم الاعتماد على الجانب النظري من خلال مراجعة الدراسات السابقة، بالإضافة إلى دراسة ميدانية شملت تحليل بواسطة برنامج SPSS لآراء عينة مكونة من 40 مدققًا خارجيًا، عبر استبيان موجه إلى خبراء محاسبين ومحافظي حسابات في ولايات الجنوب الشرقي الجزائري. وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة عن وجود علاقة إيجابية بين استخدام تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي وجودة عملية التدقيق، من خلال تحسين الكفاءة وتقليل الوقت والجهد، ورغم التحديات التي ما زالت قائمة في هذا المجال خلصت الدراسة الى وجوب تطوير المهارات في مجال التدقيق وتحفيز مكاتب التدقيق والمراجعة الى ضرورة تبني هذه التقنيات الحديثة .

نصر الدين جابر, نادية براهيمي

كلية العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة محمد خيضر - بسكرة · الجزائر

خليفة عبدالقادر, ســــــالمي يــــــــــاسمينة

كلية العلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية-جامعة قاصدى مرباح ورقلة · الجزائر

Le sujet: motif acquérir une identité dans le domaine de désert urbain urbaine d'un échantillon de la victoire du quartier des arrivées Ouargla, de l'étudiant, "Salmi Yasmina» et mis en place sous la supervision du Dr .: "Abed al Qadir Khalifa."Et de la recherche vise à étudier le modèle par lequel nous définissons si le nouveau venu a acquis l'identité de la communauté réfléchie où l'étude a été lancée à partir de la question principale: Quel est le modèle de l'acquisition de l'identité urbaine dans le domaine des arrivées du désert urbaines du nord? Et pour répondre à cette question, nous avons parlé à deux hypothèses: le gain provenant de l'identité urbaine au nord dans le domaine de désert urbain à travers des pratiques culturelles et sociales, ou la durée du séjour. Et nous avons adopté dans cette étude sur l'utilisation de l'approche descriptive, ainsi que sur l'observation et l'interview comme outils de collecte de données et ont été sélectionnés sur l'échantillon intentionnel, dans lequel l'égalité des chances à la communauté de recherche et nous avons déterminé que les arrivées acquièrent identité par types, mais à des degrés divers.Mots clés: identité, agglomération urbaine, zone urbaine urbaine, des arrivées.ملخص الدراسة:يتمثل الموضوع في: نمط اكتساب هوية في مجال عمراني حضري صحراوي لعينة من الوافدين لحي النصر ورقلة ،من إعداد الطالبة "سالمي ياسمينة" و تحت إشراف الدكتور :"عبد القادر خليفة" .و يهدف البحث إلى دراسة النمط الذي من خلاله نحدد إذا كان الوافد قد اكتسب هوية من المجتمع المدروس حيث انطلقت الدراسة من التساؤل الرئيسي:ما هو نمط اكتساب هوية في مجال عمراني حضري صحراوي للوافدين من الشمال؟ و للإجابة على هذا التساؤل تطرقنا إلى فرضيتين هما: يكتسب الوافدين من الشمال هوية في مجال عمراني حضري صحراوي عن طريق الممارسات الاجتماعية الحضارية أو عن طريق طول مدة الإقامة. واعتمدنا في هذه الدراسة على استخدام المنهج الوصفي ،كذلك على الملاحظة و المقابلة كأدوات لجمع البيانات و تم اختيارنا على العينة القصدية والتي فيها فرص متساوية لمجتمع البحث و توصلنا إلى أن الوافدين يكتسبون هوية من خلال النمطين و لكن بنسب متفاوتة.الكلمات المفتاحية: الهوية ،الحضرية ،المجال العمراني،المجال العمراني الحضري ،الوافدين.Summary:The topic at: pattern acquires identity in the field of urban urban desert of a sample of arrivals neighborhood victory Ouargla, of the student, "Salmi Yasmina" and set up under the supervision of Dr.: "Abe al Qadir Khalifa."And research aims to study the pattern by which we define if the newcomer has acquired the identity of thoughtful community where the study was launched from the main question: What is the pattern of acquisition of urban identity in the field of urban desert arrivals from the north? And to answer this question, we talked to two assumptions: the gain coming from the north urban identity in the field of urban desert through cultural and social practices, or by length of stay. And we have adopted in this study on the use of the descriptive approach, as well as on observation and interview as tools for data collection and were selected on the intentional sample, in which equal opportunities to the research community and we determined that arrivals acquire identity through types, but to varying degrees.Key words: identity, urban, urban area, urban urban area, arrivals.

رابح بلعزوز, سمية عبدالعزيز

كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية-جامعة اكلى محند أولحاج - البويرة · الجزائر

Abbou Amine, Hadjaj Aouel omar, Houalef Mohammed Elhabib

كلية الطب-جامعة أبو بكر بلقايد - تلمسان · الجزائر

L’endocardite infectieuse est une maladie infectieuse provoque par le passage dans lesang de micro-organismes (bactéries, levures, champignons) qui se fixent surl’endocarde et induisent des lésions ulcéreuses, végetantes, pouvant se compliquerd’insuffisance cardiaque* et d’embolie*.Elle est la résultante d’une bactériémie avecpour conséquence une septicémie secondaire. En France, 2200 cas par an sontrapportes. Au niveau épidémiologique, les hommes sont plus affectes que les femmes(risque relatif = 2-3) et l’âge moyen de survenue est de 62 ans. Dans 90% des cas le42coeur gauche est atteint en particulier au niveau des valves mitrales et aortiques. Lesstreptocoques, entérocoques et staphylocoques sont les micro-organismes les plusincrimines. Cependant, on assiste depuis quelques années a une évolution dans lesdonnées épidémiologiques et la présentation de la maladie. On retiendra trois notionsprincipales dans l’etiopathogenie de l’endocardite infectieuse :· la notion de patient a risque ;· les notions de geste a risque et de portes d’entrée ;· la notion de bactériémies provoque ou spontanée.A ce titre, les gestes bucco-dentaires iatrogènes ou quotidiens sont incrimines dans lasurvenue d’une endocardite infectieuse et pourraient en particulier être associe a uneforme lente subaigüe. Son importante morbidité et les risques de mortalité associesimposent la reconnaissance des signes généraux et locaux de l’endocardite infectieuse.Ceci est d’autant plus important que le diagnostic est difficile et peut retarder letraitement. La prévention de cette pathologie est donc importante et pose ainsi laquestion du rôle du Chirurgien dentiste.

Sarah Emad Kadhum, محمد القيسي, نمير السعودي

الجامعة التكنولوجية · العراق

Ietimad Ibrahim Abd Elrahman Kambal , Kawthar AbdAlrahman Alemam Alobeed, Saiyda Idres Abd Elrhman Fadol Alla

كلية العلوم الطبية التطبيقية-جامعة الجزيرة · السودان

Cerebrovascular accident: The sudden death of some brain cells due to lack of oxygen when the blood flow to the brain is impaired by blockage or rupture of an artery . Nurses, are essential members of the stroke team frequently spend the highest proportion of time with patients . So nursing interventions contribute to improving stroke patients’ outcomes . A descriptive hospital - based study was conducted at Wad Medani Emergency Hospital aimed at assessing nurses’ knowledge regarding nursing care of Cerebro vascular Accident Patients at Wad Medani Emergency Hospital, Gezira State, Sudan in the period from September2014 to February 2015.The study population was (57) available nurses who work in the hospital during the period of the study. Data was Collected by using a structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed by using statistical package for social sciences(SPSS). The results showed that (56.1%) of the study sample responded with correct complete answers regarding definition of cerebro vascular accident while (64.9%) and (54.4% )of the study sample responded with correct complete answers regarding types and causes of cerebro vascular accident respectively .Half (52.6%) of the study sample responded with correct complete answers regarding risk factors of cerebro vascular accident, (57.9% )and (61.4%) of the study sample responded with correct complete answers regarding signs and symptoms of cerebro vascular accident and pathophysiology of ischemic stroke respectively. Also half (54.4%) of the study sample responded with correct complete answers regarding pathophysiology of hemorrhagic cerebro vascular accident, while (38.6%) of them responded with correct incomplete answers. The study concluded that nurses’ knowledge regarding care of patients with cerebro vascular accident was inadequate regarding nursing intervention . It recommended that routine and periodic training program must be done to all nurses to improve their knowledge about patients care with cerebro vascular accident in emergency hospital.and a Logbook for care of patients with cerebro vascular accident must be designed and made available in the hospitals. Aprotocol for nursing management must be adopted by state ministry of health.

Lina Yehia , Pascale Ghazaleh

كلية الشئون الدولية والسياسات العامة-الجامعة الأمريكية بالقاهرة · مصر

Education systems, in many parts of the world, have served as a channel for communicating national goals to students, and Egypt has not been an exception. This study examines how public textbooks effectively align with equipping future generations of Egyptians to fulfill the nation’s development policy goals set for 2030. Utilizing a qualitative research design, this study employed textbook and document analyses of the published national policy goals of the current administration, along with the most recently reformed social studies textbooks of Grades 4, 5, and 6, a product of EDU 2.0. Based on an analysis of national documents, the government intended values and skills required for future Egyptians to fulfill the nation's policy goals were identified and presented. Accordingly, these values and skills were used as textbook analysis criteria to evaluate the newly reformed social studies textbooks' contribution to fulfilling policy goals. The findings showed that the content of the newly reformed curriculum does indeed display alignment with the policies published and goals aspired, yet, it does that in a more external approach than a deeper-rooted one. Therefore, due to several limitations, it does not reach its full potential to foster skills and knowledge that can equip students to translate policy into effective implementation as envisioned. In conclusion, this study offers recommendations for future reforms to achieve national development objectives, arguing that social studies textbooks require more attention to the element of fostering skills to develop a generation capable of constructing a historical consciousness to be able to contribute effectively to society.

Farah Mohamad Jamal Al Shami , Leila Dagher

كلية العلوم والأداب-الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت · لبنان

This paper analyzes the dynamic effects of oil price shocks on Egypt’s economy, represented by real output and the price level, using a Structural Vector Auto-regressive (SVAR) analysis based on an identification strategy developed by Blanchard and Quah (1989). The main findings of the study are twofold: First, an oil shock operates through the supply channel and thus has stagflationary effects on the economy. Second, while the oil shock is relatively more important in explaining the fluctuations in output compared to the movements in the consumer price level, its impacts on both variables is weak. Consequently, the policy implications drawn from these results go beyond merely suggesting the development of efficient alternative energy sources to enhance substitutability, the reduction of oil-intensity, and trade diversification as ways to mitigate the long-run impacts but also emphasize the need to adopt countercyclical monetary policies, especially for the purpose of short-run output stabilization. The results also invite for fiscal expansion in the case of an increase in the commodity’s prices while taking into consideration that output is mainly affected by supply-side policies whereas the price level is mostly affected by the demand-side ones. Policy responses should, however, place less weight on oil and focus on the goods, services and commodities that are found to be the most influential in Egypt’s consumer price basket and to dominate the household consumption patterns and the industry’s raw and intermediate inputs.

علي عبد الامير الزبيدي, لينا فاضل كاظم, هناء جواد كاظم

كلية هندسة المواد-جامعة بابل · العراق

Residual stresses are built up due to various processing operations and affect significantly on the materials performance. It is important to develop accurate and reliable methods for analysis of residual stresses in engineering components that causes catastrophic fracture without previous warning. Polymers are poor in the resistance to crack extension, so the residual stresses are influencing inevitably on the performance of polymeric products. The development of nondestructive techniques (NDT) is very important from technical and economical point of view. The ultrasonic technology is more extensively applied in the assessment of residual stresses in metals. In this work, the ultrasonic pulse-echo technique was applied on the first time in measuring residual stresses for polystyrene products. According to the difference in morphology between polymeric components, through thickness residual stresses were determined twice in this work. Through thickness residual stresses in terms of acoustoelastic constant and through depending on the determined previously acoustoelastic constant for polystyrene sheets. The residual stresses were evaluated due to cooling from temperatures (180, 200)by air and water under various applied pressures (0, 45.714, 76.19, 106.667, 152.381)MPa. The ultrasonic velocity of reference (annealed) specimen (2260) m/s was approved in the evaluation of residual stresses due to ultrasonic test. The air and water cooling from (180, 200)were corresponded with increasing in ultrasonic velocity while tensile residual stresses were related with decreasing in ultrasonic velocity for evaluated residual stresses in terms of acoustoelastic constant. SPSS software through (p-value)were showed that air and water cooling from(180, 200)resulted tensile residual stress without zero pressure. The optimum pressures against residual stresses from (HABCFFNN) were obtained under (106.667, 76.19)MPa pressures while the optimal through thickness residual stresses due to water cooling from (180, 200)were (-70.003, IV10.579)MPa. The best temperature of preparing polystyrene specimens was 200because the high percent of beneficial compressive residual stresses that increase fatigue and creep strength. The evaluated through thickness residual stresses were resulted from (thermal stresses due to cooling type, over load applied pressures, restraining of polymeric sheets inside metal molds). The range of ultrasonic velocity produced from pulse-echo test were (2000-2500) m/s due to air and water cooling from (180, 200). From SPSS, the significant pressure on residual stresses due to water cooling from (200)was 152.714.