طبيعة الفعل المورثى لبعض الصفات الاقتصادية عند هجن من الذرة الصفراء Zea mays L

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زراعة

روابط وملفات

التعريف والنوع

رقم الوثيقة

f535fba5-61a1-4be5-833f-2cd04fca6458

رقم العقد

0

نوع الوسائط

Crawler

نوع المحتوى

الرسائل العلمية

صيغة المصدر

رسائل دكتوراة

نوع الملف

pdf text

أسماء الملفات

1958314_1.pdf

بيانات النشر

ترجمة العنوان

Type of gene effect of some economic traits in maize crosses Zea mays L

ألقاب المؤلفين

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اللغة

Arabic

المصدر والدورية

اسم المصدر

طبيعة الفعل المورثى لبعض الصفات الاقتصادية عند هجن من الذرة الصفراء Zea mays L

المحتوى والصفحات

عدد الصفحات

0

ترجمة الملخص

The present investigation was undertaken during 2013and 2014growing seasons in Agricultural research Center at Al-Ghab /Hama, which belongs to General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (G.C.S.A.R), to study the estimates of heterosis, phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variability, heritability, genetic advance, potence ratio, inbreeding depression, gene action and correlation coefficient as well as the path coefficient results. Three single maize crosses and Six parental maize (Zea maysL.) inbred lines, They were (IL.210-09× CML.367) F1; (CML.485× CML.373)F2and (CML.317× CML.371) F3; (IL.210-09)P1,)CML.485) P2, )CML.317) P3, )CML.367(P4, )CML.371) P5, )CML.373)P6. The seeds of three single maize crosses and Six parental genotypes were planted in the first season 2013, on the rows. F1seeds and plants were allowed to self pollination to produce F2seeds with repetition of half-diallel crossing scheme, and to make back crosses to both parents with repeat of half-diallel crossing scheme. Parental and the F1plants of the three superior crosses were self-pollinated and back-crossed to respective parents. The six populations (P1, P2, F1, BC1, BC2and F2) of each of the three crosses were grown in separate experiments during 2013growing season. The six populations were evaluated during 2014growing season according in a randomized complete block design withthree replication.The data were recorded to evaluate, 40plant of P1, P2and F1during 2014growing season and 80plant of BC1and BC2; 160plant of F2(for each of the three crosses) for study the phonological, morphological, productive and some quality characteristics: days to 50%silking (days), days to physiological maturity (days), plant height (cm), ear height (cm), ear length (cm), ear diameter (cm), number of rows per ear (row), number of grains per row (grain), 100-kernels weight (g), oil, protein, and starch contents of grains (%), and grain yield per plant (g). Results could be summarized as follows: Genetic analysis of all studied traits in segregating generations of three maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. 1)-Analysis of Variance: Analysis of variance allowed us to determine of hybrids' populations which can go into the further genetic analysis and that reflected existence of enough genetic variances for investment them in breeding programs. Results showed highly and significant variations between Six populations of each hybrid and among the individuals of F2generation. 2)-Heterosis, Dominance degree and Inbreeding depression: 1-Heterosis: The significant variances between the parental genotypes contributed to exhibition of (mid-parent and better-parent) hybrid vigor in the first generation. Achieved three hybrid heterosis percentage highly and significant for all studied traits 2-Dominance degree: Potence ratio indicated over dominance for all studied traits except starch contents of grains in cross2,3which showed partial dominance.3-Inbreeding depression: hybrid vigorwere depressed in the second generation in different magnitudes and directions. Inbreeding depression values were non-significant in most traits except plant height in cross2, ear height in cross3, ear length in cross2, ear diameter in cross1,2, number of rows per ear in cross1, number of grains per row in cross2, grain yield per plant in cross1, oil contents of grains in cross1,2, protein contents of grains in cross1,2, and starch contents of grains in cross1,3. and it was positive for most studied characters in the three crosses except days to 50% silking, days to physiological maturity, starch contents of grains in cross2,3. The study of heterosis phenomenon in F2Showed that, there was Transgressive segregationto some of the characters, in some hybrids, which refers to the genetic variance of parents in factors controlling those traits. 3-Phenotypic and Genotypic Coefficient of Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance Estimates:1-Phenotypic and Genotypic Coefficient of Variability:The values of PCV%, GCV% were closed to each other indicating the importance of the environment and the gene action in the inheritance of the traits. 2-Heritability: The importance of estimating the heritability refer to the fact that the efficiency of selection of desired trait decrease when this scale decreases, the results of estimating heritability Showed that the days to 50%silking, days to physiological maturity, plant height, ear height. Which indicated to the importance of genetic variation in the inheritance these traits and the portion of genetic variation is greater than the portion of environmental variation in the inheritance of these traits. The degrees of heritability varied from high to low across the hybrids. Which is due to the difference in genetic factors that control these traits in different hybrid depending on the different constituents parents. Heritability percentages in broad and narrow senses were calculated for each environment. The highest broad sense heritability values were 91.40% to cross2for days to silking, 89.36% to cross2for plant height, 84.68% to cross3for ear height, 90.96% to cross2for days to physiological maturity, 65.04% to cross2for ear length, 66.67% to cross3for ear diameter, 71.93% to cross2for number of rows per ear, 79.52% to cross3for number of kernels per row, 77.09% to cross1 for 100-kernel weight, and 84.89% to cross3for grain yield per plant, 84.54% to cross2for protein, 88.34% to cross2for starch and 54.17% to cross3for oil. The highest narrow sense heritability values were 69.86% to cross3 for days to silking, 77.32% to cross2for plant height, 79.05% to cross3 for ear height, 80.58% to cross2 for days to physiological maturity, 48.22% to cross3 for ear length, 45.45% to cross2for ear diameter, 60.53% to cross2for number of rows per ear, 74.82% to cross3for number of kernels per row, 63.36% to cross1 for 100-kernel weight, and 69.90% to cross3for grain yield per plant, 53.33% to cross1 for protein, 77.60% to cross2for starch and 50.00% to cross3for oil. 3-Genetic advance (∆g%): The highest expected genetic advance was obtained for grain yield per plant (24.39%) in cross3, number of kernels per row (21.69%) in cross3, (21.05%) to cross3for ear height, (15.95%) to cross3for days to silking,(15.59%) to cross2for plant height, (14.29%) to cross2 for 100-kernel weight, (11.62%) to cross2 for days to physiological maturity, (10.72%) to cross2for number of rows per ear, (8.36%) to cross1 for protein, (8.23%) to cross3 for ear length, (6.48%) to cross2for ear diameter, (6.08%) to cross3for oil and (3.12%) to cross2for starch.4)-Gene action and its components: 1-Three hybrids showed highly and significant for Residual effect (m). 2-In most cases, dominance (h) occupied the first rank, while dominance × dominance (l) the second, but additive (d) and additive × dominance (j) occupied third contributor to the genetic effects in order of importance according to cross. So the select is better from middle and later for development this traits.the analysis of segregating generations indicated the importance of dominance gene action and the non allelic interaction(dominance × dominance) and (additive × additive) in the behavior of the most traits studied indicating the possibility of using recurrent selection to invest all the components of the genetic variation in the genetic material studied to improve the yield of maize crop.5)-Phenotypic Correlation Coefficient and Path coefficient analysis:1-Phenotypic Correlation Coefficient:The highest positively values of correlation between grain yield per plant and other traits were noted for each of ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row and in the three crosses. Addition 100-kernel weight and grain oil content for cross3. 2-Path coefficient analysis: Path coefficient analysis estimates indicated that ear diameter, number of rows per ear, ear length and number of kernels per row can be considered as the most important sources of plant grain yield variation for cross1. While were number of rows per ear, ear length, and ear diameter for cross2and were ear length, 100-kernel weight, ear diameter, number of kernels per rowand number of rows per ear for cross3.

كلمات الباحثين

Correlation and Path coefficient analysis, Gene action, Genetic advance, Heritability, Heterosis, Inbreeding depression, Maize, Potence ratio

إشراف وإعداد

الإشراف

صالح قبيلي, بولص خوري

الإعداد

ايمان حبيب مسعود

الاقتباسات الببليوغرافية