Adaptations physiologiques du poulet de chair élevé en ambiances chaudes et résistance aux chocs thermiques

الموضوعات

زراعة

الملخص

The present study is realized to assess the effects of precocious and chronicexpositions of broilers chicken at a high temperature on the growth performances, thecarcass parameters, the deposit and the fatty acids composition of lipids subcutaneous (LSC),the plasma parameters and the hormone levels. Three hundred male chicks (Hubbard) wereraised during fifty days. They were devised into three groups (each group contained onehundred chicks). The chronic thermal ambient were applied starting from the 8th day ofrearing to know a thermo-neutrality (TN: 25±2°C) for the first group, a summer moderatetemperature at about (TM: 32±2°C) for the second and a higher summer temperature (TH:37±2°C) for the third. The mortality after 7 hours of heat shock (40±1°C) was determined onthe 51th day according two adaptation approches (First approch: early and chronic exposurechickens to heat. The second approch: early exposure chicks 3 or 5 days of age to heat,39°C/24 hours).The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1- After 40 days, a decline of feedintake (37g/day) due to TH is observed. 2- The superiority of body weight in broilers TN isrecorded as from the 40th day. 3- Compared to the early rearing, a daily improved weightgain is observed in broilers TH at the end. 4- In comparison with other temperatures, thefeed conversion ratio of broilers TH was significantly better from 40 days. 5- At the end ofrearing, the comparables carcass yields (EC/BW) were recorded in broilers TN and TH. 6- Atthe end of rearing, a decrease of the PM weight linked to the TH is observed (-17 and -20%compared to TM and TN respectively). 7- A higher subcutaneous lipids (SCL) deposit occursin broilers TH especially in the end of rearing reaching 105g/Animal; this is translated by a higher SCL/EC report in broilers TH (+7.3% compared with TN). 8- Inversely after 32 days ofage, the weight of abdominal fat was higher in broilers TN. 9- Compared to broilers TN, anincrease proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ofSCL is obtained in broilers TH of 50 days. No temperature effect on the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) of SCL has been observed. Finally, the TH caused a significantof UFA/SFA reflecting a higher saturation degree of SCL in carcass broilers TH. 10- Increase inthe concentration of aldosterone and ACTH and decreased concentration of thyroidhormones and insulin in broilers TC are observed especially during growth. 11- These resultshave shown that broilers can tolerate chronic high temperature (37°C). Indeed, a better rateof mortality was recorded after heat shock with first approch to adaptation.

روابط وملفات

التعريف والنوع

رقم الوثيقة

0bc63ab8-1f43-46cc-8f78-737013eaa490

رقم العقد

0

نوع الوسائط

Crawler

نوع المحتوى

الرسائل العلمية

صيغة المصدر

رسائل دكتوراة

نوع الملف

pdf text

أسماء الملفات

215459_1.pdf

بيانات النشر

ألقاب المؤلفين

[{"name_ar":"Ghalem Selselet-Attou","title_ar":"اشراف","title_en":"Supervision"},{"name_ar":"Sahnoun Attou","title_ar":"اعداد","title_en":"Preparation"}]

اللغة

French

المصدر والدورية

اسم المصدر

Adaptations physiologiques du poulet de chair élevé en ambiances chaudes et résistance aux chocs thermiques

المحتوى والصفحات

عدد الصفحات

0

إشراف وإعداد

الإشراف

Ghalem Selselet-Attou

الإعداد

Sahnoun Attou

الاقتباسات الببليوغرافية